高级综合商务英语1-彭青龙-Unit-4-Information-Technologyppt课件

.,UnitFourInformationTechnology,.,Lead-inTextA:SiliconValleyVisionaryWhoPutAppleonTopTextB:NokiaattheCrossroads:BlazingPlatforms,.,Lead-in,.,Lead-in,Areyouusingasmartphone,suchastheiPhoneortheSamsungGalaxy?Whatapplicationsdoyouusemostoften?Doyouthinktheusingofsmartphonehaschangedyourlifestyle?,.,Lead-in,Discussion:Whataretheprosandconsofusingsmartphones?,.,TextASiliconValleyVisionaryWhoPutAppleonTop,.,StructuralAnalysis,.,PartIQuestionsaboutPartI,Q1.WhyhadthecomebackofSteveJobsstirredupsuchanexcitement?ThiswasnotthefirsttimeofcomebackforhimtoApple.Littlemorethanadecadeearlier,hemadehisfirstcomebackandturnedApplefromgoingbankruptcytoanenormoussuccessfulcompany.Thereforehisrecoveryandcomebackwerehighlyanticipated.,.,bothMr.JobscareerandApple,werewidelyconsideredwashedup,theirrelevancetothefutureoftechnologywrittenoffbothinSiliconValleyandonWallstreet.(Line4,Para.2)Bothhiscareerandthecompanyhefoundedwerewidelyconsideredtohavecometoanend,andhewouldhavenothingtodowithhigh-techinthefutureintheeyesofsiliconvalleyentrepreneursandtheWallStreetinvestors.,PartISentenceInterpretation,.,thelevelofanticipationwhippedupinadvanceoftheJanuaryeventwasunusual.(Line1,Para.3)Thelevelofexcitementforexpectinghisreturnwasextraordinary,whichhadalreadybecomeheatedbeforehesteppedontothestageinJanuary.,PartISentenceInterpretation,.,cap(Line2,Para.1)v.lieatthetopofexample:Hecappedhisfriendsstorywithanevenmoreexcitingone.Shecappedherragewhensheheardherhusbandscheatingonher.,PartIWordsandExpressions,.,sideline(Line1,Para.2)v.removefromthecenterofactivityorattention使靠边，使降格，不重视example:Hewasunderpressuretoresignandwasabouttobesidelined.Whattheyfearisthatenvironmentpolicywillbesidelineduntilitistoolate.,PartIWordsandExpressions,.,emaciated(line.2,para.2)adj.extremelythinandweakbecauseofillnessorlackoffood骨瘦如柴的example:.horrifictelevisionpicturesofemaciatedprisoners.Theanimalshadlostweightnoticeably,becominglean,almostemaciated.,PartIWordsandExpressions,.,washup(Line5,Para.2)wearoutcompletely耗尽，结束adj.彻底失败的；事业到头的;example:Ihardlybelievethefactthattheirrelationshiphasbeenwashedup.,PartIWordsandExpressions,.,writeoff(Line6,Para.2)todecidesomethingisunimportantoruselessandtheyarenotworthfurtherseriousattention一笔勾销，摒弃example:Heisfedupwithpeoplewritinghimoffbecauseofhisage.Hiscriticswritehimoffastoocautioustosucceed.MrsMerkelsaidadealwasathand,butagainrejectedpressurefromtheIMFtowriteoffsomeofGreecesdebttoEuro-zonepartnerstomakeitmoresustainable.,PartIWordsandExpressions,.,whipup(Line2,Para3)deliberatelycauseandencouragepeopletofeelacertainemotion煽动,激起example:towhipupenthusiasmHeaccusedpoliticiansofwhippingupanti-foreignsentimentsinordertowinright-wingvotes.,PartIWordsandExpressions,.,Q1.Inmanycriticseyes,whatspecialtalentdidStevenJobshave(Para.4)?HehastheabilitytoturntechnologiesintoperfectproductsandconvincepeopletobuyITgadgetsthattheyevenhavenoideatheyneeded.,PartIIQuestionsaboutPartII,.,Q2.HowdidApplenowruleitsnewkingdom?(Para.10-11)Bydecidingwhichappsareavailableinitsonlinestore,andsettingtherulesforhowthoseappsaredeveloped,Applenowruleditsnewkingdom.,PartIIQuestionsaboutPartII,.,ArebuttalofFrancisScottFitzgeraldsmuch-quotedaphorismthattherearenosecondactsinAmericanlifedoesnotcomemoredecisivelythanthis.(Line1,Para.6)FamouswriterF.SFitzgeraldoncesaidtherearenosecondactsinAmericanlifeanditwasagreedbymanypeople.However,thelifeexperienceofSteveJobsisaperfectexampletoshowthatthestatementisnottrue.,PartIISentenceInterpretation,.,hisformativeroleinpopularizingthepersonalcomputer,andApplesinitialpubicofferingonWallStreetmadehimthetechindustrysfirstrockstar.(Line4,Para.6)hispioneeringroleatthebeginningstageofpersonalcomputerindustry,andthecompanyslistinginthestockmarketmadehimabigiconicfigureinthetechindustry.,PartIISentenceInterpretation,.,hehassecuredhisplaceintheforemostranksoftheWestCoasttechtitans.(Line1,Para.7)Undoubtedly,heisregardedasoneoftheleadingfiguresofWestCoastITgiants,PartIISentenceInterpretation,.,ofallthefingersthatApplehaspokedintoMicrosoftseyesovertheyears,nonecanhaverankledasmuchastheearlysuccessoftheiPad.(Line1,Para.8)OfallthechallengesthatApplehasraisedagainstMicrosoftandofallthesuccessesthatAppleenjoyedduringthecompetitionwithMicrosoft,theearlysuccessoftheiPadisthebitterestforMicrosofttoaccept.,PartIISentenceInterpretation,.,Hisabilitytogetconsumerstolineupforproductsconjuredfromnothingpayingpremiumprices,andinuncertaineconomictimesdrawsaccoladesevenfromrivals.(Line3,Para.12)Hehasanabilitytogetconsumerstoqueueinlines,topayhigherpricesevenattimesofeconomicuncertainty,justforwantoftheAppleproducts.Suchabilityhaswonpraiseforhimevenfromhisrivals.,PartIISentenceInterpretation,.,disparagingly(Para.4)adv.inadisparagingmanner轻蔑地,蔑视地disparagingadj.expressiveoflowopinionexample:Hewascriticalofthepeople,disparagingoftheircrudemanners.disparagingremarksaboutthenewhouse,PartIIWordsandExpressions,.,rebuttal(Para.6)n.astatementthatgivesreasonwhyanaccusationorachargeagainstyouisuntrue辩驳，反驳example:Heisconductingapoint-by-pointrebuttalofchargesfromformercolleagues.,PartIIWordsandExpressions,.,exertgreatersway(Para.7)haveagreaterinfluenceon有更大的影响力example:Developedcountriesexertgreaterswayovertheissuesofmaintainingworldpeace.,PartIIWordsandExpressions,.,rankle(Para.8)v.makeresentfulorangrybecauseyouthinkitwasunfairorwrong令人愤怒example:Theinjusticerankledher.Theinsultthathissisterhurledathimstillrankledinhismind.,PartIIWordsandExpressions,.,digerati(Para.10)n.peoplewhoearnlargeamountofmoneythroughinternet-relatedbusiness电子商务精英，计算机行家example:Withbloggers,developersandothermembersofthedigeratilookingformore,thisnewtechnologycanhelptakeittothenextlevel.,PartIIWordsandExpressions,.,conjure(Para.12)v.Ifyouconjuresth.outofnothing,youseemtomakeitappearbymagic变魔术般创造出example:Icantsimplyconjureupthemoneyoutofthinair.Jeancanconjureupagoodmealinhalfanhour.,PartIIWordsandExpressions,.,Q1.WhatkindofspiritualbeliefsexertedaheavyinfluenceonSteveJobs?(Para.15)?HisspiritualtrainingofZenBuddhismhasplayedanimportantroleinhislife.,PartIIIQuestionsaboutPartIII,.,TherewaslittleinMr.Jobsbeginningsthatgaveahintofwhatwastocome.(Line1,Para.14)FromMr.Jobsearlylifewecouldntfindmuchsignorindicationofhislatersuccess.,PartIIISentenceInterpretation,.,Mr.Jobsspiritualaspirationslefthimwithlittleuseforeithershoesorsoapforlongperiodstothedistressofco-workers.(Line2,Para.15)Becauseofhisspiritualbeliefs,foralongtime,heseldomworeshoesortookashoweritwasquiteadistresstohisco-workers.,PartIIISentenceInterpretation,.,fledgling(Line5,Para.14)adj.youngandinexperiencedexample:.thesoundpracticaladvicehegavetofledglingwriters.Hewaschosenin1996,beginninghistrainingforChinasfledglingspaceprogram.,PartIIIWordsandExpressions,.,eschew(Line6,Para.15)v.deliberatelyavoiddoingsthorbecominginvolvedinsth.避免，回避example:Acivilizedleadermusteschewviolence.Eschewfatteningfoodsifyouwanttoloseweight.,PartIIIWordsandExpressions,.,floundering(Line4,Para.16)adj.ifsomethingisfloundering,ithasmanyproblemsandmaysoonfailcompletely陷入困境example:Theeconomywasfloundering.Menandhorseswereflounderinginthedeepsnowbesidetheroad.,PartIIIWordsandExpressions,.,Q1.WhatarethequalitiesofSteveJobsthatenabledhimtoachievesuchatremendoussuccess(Para.17-26)?Neverstoppingpushingforward,hewasbrave,courageousandobsessivetodetails.Hewasalsoaperfectionist.Laterhisstylechangedalittle,andhehadbecomemorepragmaticandlearnttocompromisewhennecessary.,PartIVQuestionsaboutPartIV,.,Thosewhohavelaboredunderhimdescribehimasasterntaskmasterwhounderstandstheartofthepossible,ratherthanalong-rangevisionary.(Line2,Para.17)Thosewhohaveworkedunderhimdescribehimasastricttaskmasterwhoknowswhatispossibletoachieveatthemoment,notsomeonewhoalwaysfocusesonthefuture.,PartIVSentenceInterpretation,.,AlieutenantwholeftthisyeardescribeshowtheApplebosscanbecomemorefixatedinfindingflawsinanicononascreenthanintheprogramitrepresents.(Line1,Para.20)AnassistingstaffwholeftthisyearsaidthatStevesometimeswouldputmoreemphasisonfindingflawsofthedesignofaniconthantheprogramitrepresents.,PartIVSentenceInterpretation,.,butthegreatersenseofexpediencyreflectsApplesnewplaceintheworld.(Line1,Para.23),butbecomingmorepragmaticandchoosingtodowhatismoreconvenientratherthanwhatisbelievedtoberightreflectsApplesnewapproachinoperationasitsplaceinthebusinessworldchanged.,PartIVSentenceInterpretation,.,thoughthereversalalsoseemedcalculatedtoappeasedeveloperswhomightotherwiseturnmoreattentiontocreatingappsforphonesrunningGooglessoftware.(Line4,Para.26),thoughtheremovaloftherequirementseemedcarefullyplannedsoastogaingoodwillofsoftwaredeveloperswhomightotherwiseturntocreateappsforotherphonecompanies.,PartIVSentenceInterpretation,.,culmination(line1,para.17)n.something,especiallysomethingimportant,ofanactivity,process,orseriesofevents,happensattheendofit结局，高潮，顶点example:Theshowmarkedtheculminationofmonthsofhardwork.Thereformsmarkedthesuccessfulculminationofalongcampaign.,PartIVWordsandExpressions,.,calltheshots(Line1,Para.19)togiveordersortobeincharge操纵，掌握，发号施令example:Typically,asinglecompanycannotcalltheshotsthattransformanindustry.“Whoiscallingtheshotsinthishouse?”,PartIVWordsandExpressions,.,fixated(Line3,Para.20)Fixatev.payattentiontoexclusivelyandobsessively,becomefixedon关注，注视，使固定example:ThemediaarefixatingonPrincessDianasdeath.Ifyouaretoofixatedonsomething,youmightmissacarcomingaroundthecornerandfailtojumpoutoftheway.,PartIVWordsandExpressions,.,buoy(Line2,Para.24)v.keepafloatwithabuoy;ifsomeoneinadifficultsituationisbuoyedbysomething,itmakesthemfeelmorecheerfulandoptimistic支撑，鼓励，使浮起example:Thepartydidlittletobuoyupherspirits.GermandomesticconsumptionbuoyedtheGermaneconomy.,PartIVWordsandExpressions,.,dismissive(Line1,Para.25)adj.showingindifferenceordisregard轻视的，鄙视的example:Hermannerwascoldlydismissive.Shemighthavebeenlessdismissiveofmytalentsifhecouldhaveseenmylatestachievements.,PartIVWordsandExpressions,.,calculated(Line15,Para.26)adj.carefullythoughtoutinadvance精心策划的，蓄谋的example:Irenescleaningthefloorhadbeenacalculatedattempttocoveruphercrime.acalculatedandcoherentstrategyforwinningpower,PartIVWordsandExpressions,.,appease(Line15,Para.26)v.trytostopsomefrombeingangrybygivingthemwhattheywant使平息，使和缓，安抚example:Themovewaswidelyseenasanattempttoappeasecriticsoftheregime.Thegovernmenttriedtoappeasediscontentedworkers.,PartIVWordsandExpressions,.,TextBNokiaattheCrossroads:BlazingPlatforms,.,StructuralAnalysis,.,I.Discussion1.WhatenabledNokiatoachieveitssuccessinthemanufacturingandsellingofthefirstgenerationmobilephone?,ExercisesI.Speaking,.,Thefirstgenerationsofmodernmobilephoneswerepurelydevicesforconversationandtextmessages.Themoneylayindesigningdesirablehandsets,manufacturingthemcheaplyanddistributingthemwidely.ThisplayedtoEuropeanstrengths.AndNokiahasbeenahighlyefficientmanufacturingandlogisticsmachinecapableof