U4P4Grammar (2)

RevisetheAttributiveClause(restrictive),Unit4Grammar,Theyarekindandwarm-heartedpeoplewhogivetimeandenergytohelpothers,expectingnothinginreturn.,Riddle,Whoarethey?,Volunteers,XuBenyu,oneofthevolunteersthatmadethewholenationmovedin2004.Letssharehisstoriesbycombiningthesesentences.,“我愿做一滴水/我知道我很微小/当爱的阳光照射到我身上的时候/我愿意无保留地反射给别人。”,XuBenyuisa24-year-oldboy.Hisfamilyisverypoor.,XuBenyuisa24-year-oldboywhosefamilyisverypoor.,Whenhewasstillastudent,hebegantosponsorthosestudents.B.Thosestudentswerepoorerthanhim.,Whenhewasstillastudent,hebegantosponsorthosestudentswhowerepoorerthanhim.,HearrivedinthepoorvillageinGuizhouandsawtheCavePrimarySchoolonthatday.Hewouldneverforgettheday.,HewouldneverforgetthedaywhenhearrivedinthepoorvillageinGuizhouandsawtheCavePrimarySchool.,XuBenyuistheverykindperson.B.Weshouldlearnfromhim.,XuBenyuistheverykindpersonwhomweshouldlearnfrom.,定语从句的分类,定语从句,TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句,TheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句,限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句,限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整。一般用逗号把主句和从句分开,引导词：who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich,when,where等，不用that,不能省略,引导词：关系代词和关系副词，作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略,Anastronautisapersonwhoworksandtravelsinspace.2.Aspacecraftisavehiclethat/whichcantravelinspace.,antecedent先行词,relativepronoun关系代词,3.Aspacecapsuleisaplacewhereanastronautworks.4.Oct.15th2003wasthedaywhenYangLiweienteredouterspacein“ShenzhouV”spaceship.,relativeadverb关系副词,antecedent先行词,Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied.,关系代词关系副词,注意事项:1.从句的位置:2.翻译方法:3.构成：,先行词之后,“的”,关系词,关系代词的用法,人；物,主语，宾语,作宾语可省,物,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,人,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,人,宾语,可省,人；物,定语,不可省,难点：whose,Theteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.,TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.,Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.,whose=thestudents,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,(a)Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolenlastweek.(b)ItwasameetingwhoseimportanceIdidnotrealizeatthattime.,注:whose既可指某人的，也可以指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与ofwhich结构互换。,“the+名词+ofwhich”，如：Theycametoahousewhosebackwallhadbrokendown.(=thebackwallofwhich)HeswrittenabookthenameofwhichIvecompletelyforgotten.(=whosename),Correctthemistakes,1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.,Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.,Thefriendwho/thathecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry.,3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparentsfarm.4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.,Heprefersthecheesethat/whichitcomesfromhisparentsfarm.,Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedthemweredelicious.,1当先行词是不定代词时,如:all,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything等。,2当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,little,few,no,any等修饰时。,3当人和物合做先行词时。,只能用that做关系代词的情况,4当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。,5主句是以who,which,what开头的特殊疑问句。,Hedidall/everything_hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisistheverything_Iamafter.3.Thisisthefirstthing_Iwanttosay.4.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_sataboy.,that,that,that,that,which,whose,whomorwho,which,QuizI:Fillintheblanks.,5.Isthereanythingelse_youwanttosay?6.Anyperson_hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.7.Themanto_Ispokeisakindteacher.8.Theboy_motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.,that,that,whom,whose,that,which,whose,whomorwho,关系副词的用法,指代,所做成分,是否可省略,when,时间,状语,否,where,地点,状语,否,why,原因,状语,否,关系副词,1.Illneverforgetthedaywhenmyhometownwasliberated.Illneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherlastsummer.2.Hisfatherworksinafactorywhereradiopartsaremade.Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.,关系副词和先行词的关系,IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.,ontheday=when,inthehouse=where,forthereasons=why,介词+关系代词的情况1,Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,介词+关系代词的情况2,Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.,Arethesetwosentencesright?,to,in,介词+关系代词的情况3,Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.,to,in,Arethesetwosentencesright?,可见,who,that不能用于介词之后。,介词+关系代词的情况4,Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.,在固定短语中介词不能提前。,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,1.Ifashophaschairs_womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where,解析：答案D先行词chairs在定语从句中作状语，用where。,2.Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?Thereisnooneelse_,isthere?A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn,解析：答案B，省略了关系代词that。,3.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes_peoplewereeatenbythetiger.A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that,解析：答案A该题考查定语从句介词+关系代词。,4.Doyoustillrememberthebigfarm_wevisitedthreemonthsago?A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.onthat,解析：答案C先行词farm在从句中作visit的宾语。,5.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that,解析：答案A先行词hertrousers在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词where。,6.Isthistheonlyreason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.thatheexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.whyheexplainedD.whichheexplained,解析：答案A先行词前有theonly,thevery,theright等修饰时，要用that。,7.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents_allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.(2011福建)A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who8.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_arebuiltclosetoeachother.(2011山东)A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that,9.Weliveinanage_moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.(2012浙江)whyB.whenC.towhomD.onwhich,1.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.(必修1)2.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.(必修1)3.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.(必修1),HaveALk,Lookatthefollowingsentences,payingattentiontotheunderlinedpart.,4.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.(必修1)5.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.(必修1)6.Flyingcarpet,pleaseshowmeaplacewheretheressomewildlifeprotection.(必修2)7.Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedascompetitors.(必修2),8.Sheinspiresthosewhowanttocheertheachievementsofwomen.(必修3)9.Thismeansgoingbacktotheplacewhereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.(必修4)10.DearMumandDad,IstillcannotbelievethatIamtakingupthisprizethatIwonlastyear.(必修5)11.Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry.(选修6),本课呈现语法点：,soIveincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.2.Theboyswhohadnevercomeacrossanythinglikethisbeforestartedjumpingoutofthewindows.3.andIdidvisitavillagewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys,Tombe.4.firstupamountaintoaridgefromwherewehadfantasticviews,GuessingGame,totestyoursenseofobservationtotestyourabilityofshort-termmemorytotestyourabilitytohighlightthelanguagepoints,Guess,1.Ahugecrack_waseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.2.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake_wasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.3.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors_homeshadbeendestroyed.,that,which,whose,4.Thetime_IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.5.Thepartsoftown_theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.6.Flyingcarpet,pleaseshowmeaplace_theressomewildlifeprotection.7.Onlyathletes_h