动词的十大时态.doc

中小学1对1课外辅导专家龙文教育学科教师辅导讲义教师：杨立平 学生 年 月 日 段 课 题动的时态复习教 学 目 标把握动词每一种事态的含义结构及时间状语重点、难点1现在完成时和一般过去时态的区别 。2短暂性动词和延续性动词的运用。3过去完成时和过去将来时的用法。考点及考试要求1 动词时态是中考的主要考点。2 能运用时态知识熟练作有关动词的试题。教学内容 一 :动词的时态结构。英语中常用的十种时态.一般现在时1. 谓语构成： be (am, is, are), have (have, has)其他动词第三人称单数做主语时，谓语动词词尾加-s或-es,其余人称作主语时，一律用动词原形。(1).结尾是-s,-sh, -ch, -x或-o加-es. 如：discusses, finishes, reaches, fixes, goes(2).结尾是辅音字母+y的，变y为i再加-es 如：fly flies, study studies2. 一般现在时的使用（1）表示经常发生的或习惯性的行为或状态。常与always, usually, often, sometimes, at times, every day, on Sundays, never 等。（2）在时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句中常用一般现在时表达将来时的概念，主句用将来时。Exercises:学生们经常在物理实验室做实验。你吃了这药之后会感觉好一些的。只要明天不刮风我就去溜冰。即使明天下雨我也得走。1. The students often do experiments in the physics laboratory.2. After you take this medicine, you will feel better.3. As long as it is not windy tomorrow, I will go skating.4. Even if it rains tomorrow, I will leave .一般过去时1. 谓语构成: be (was were)， have (had),其他人称用过去式。2. 一般过去时的使用：(1).表示在过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与yesterday, last Sunday morning, last year, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time等表示过去的时间状语连用。(2). 在复合句中全句描述过去将来的事，主句用过去将来时，时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句用一般过去时。Exercises:1.吃完早饭，他列了一个购物单，拿起购物筐就出去采购了。2.他告诉我下次再来时送我礼物。3. 他说即使第二天上午下雨，他也不再呆下1. After breakfast, she wrote a shopping list, took the shopping bag and went out shopping.2. He told me that he would give me a gift when he came again.3. it He said he would not stay on even though rained the next morning. .一般将来时1. 谓语构成：shall (第一人称),will (三个人称) + 动词原形，(shant, wont)3. 一般将来时的使用：表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与tomorrow，4. tomorrow afternoon, next Sunday morning, next month, next time, in a few days 等表示将来时间的状语连用。.Exercise：(1).下星期日上午，如果作业不多的话，我会和我的朋友去滑冰。(2).从现在起我会更加努力学习数学和英语(1). Next Sunday morning I will go skating with my friends if there is not much homework2). From now on I will work harder at maths and English. 其他表示将来时的方式 1. be going to +动词原形, “打算、准备、计划、即将”. 常用来表示已经决定或安排妥要做的事，或用来表示根据某种情况判断，必然会或很可能发生的事。 （1）今晚我不打算看电视了，因为今晚的电视节目不好。(2). 天很阴，我肯定天会下雨的。(1). Im not going to watch TV tonight, because tonights TV program is notgood. (2). Its very cloudy. Im sure it is going to rain.2 be to+动词原形，表示预定的或安排好要进行的动作，或表示命令、要求等。(1). 会议定于下星期一召开。(2). 明天修理这辆汽车。(1). The meeting is to be held next Monday.(2). This car is to be repaired tomorrow3. be about to +动词原形, “正要，就要” ，表示即将要进行或发生的动作。Exercise:我朋友就要动身去加拿大了。My friend is about to leave for Canada. 过去将来时1. 谓语构成: would 或should+动词原形1. 过去将来时的使用：表示就过去某一时间而言，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态，2. 去将来时态常常有一般过去时态的动作陪衬。(1). 我朋友告诉我，再过一个月他开始学习德语。(2). 那天他说他当天不回家了。(1). My friend told me she would begin to study German the next month.（2）。He said he would not come back home that day.其他表示过去将来时的方式：1. was / were going to +动词原形 “过去打算”2. was / were to +动词原形 “定于，即将”3. was /were about to +动词原形 “正要，正准备”. 现在进行时1. 谓语构成：am / is / are + 动词的现在分词2. 现在进行时的使用：(1). 表示说话时正在进行的动作。(2). 表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作。(3). 用来代替一般将来时，表示不久将要发生的动作。主要用于come, go, leave, arrive, start 等动词。Exercise:(1). 迈克正在写感谢信。(2). 中国在医学上正迅速发展。(3). 明天他们就要乘飞机来了。1Mike is writing a letter of thanks(2). China is making great advances in medicine(3). They are coming by plane tomorrow. . 过去进行时 1. 谓语构成：was / were +动词的现在分词2. 过去进行时的使用： 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作句中往往有过去的时间状语。句中的过去时间状语往往是 then, at that time, this time yesterday, the whole morning yesterday, at 10:00 last Sunday night等。昨天一上午他们都在开会。They were having a meeting the whole morning yesterday. 现在完成时1. 谓语构成：have / has +动词的过去分词2. 现在完成时的使用：表示到说话时为止已经做过的动作，或表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态。常与already, yet(用于疑问句或否定句), up to now= so far= by now= till now, just, ever, never, recently, in the last/ past few years, in recent years, since two years ago, for a few days 等连用。Exercises: (1).我还没做完作业呢。I havent finished my homework yet.(2). 到现在为止她共获过五次奖。Up till now she has won five prizes. 现在完成时的谓语动词如果是点动词，在肯定句中不与表示一段时间的since短语和for短语连用。如: My brother has joined the army since 4 years ago. My brother has been in the army since for years ago. My brother joined the army 4 years ago. . 过去完成时1.谓语构成：had+动词的过去分词2. 过去完成时的使用：表示过去某一时刻之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作。Exercises：(1).直到上周末为止，我们还没有得到有关那件事的消息。(2). 他来的时候我已经等了近半个小时了。(1). Up till last weekend we hadnt got any information about that matter.(2). When he came, I had waited for nearly half an hour. 现在完成进行时1. 谓语构成：have / has been +动词的现在分词2. 现在完成进行时的使用：表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在还在进行的动作。你学习三个小时了，该休息了。You have been studying for three hours. You should stop to have a rest now. 过去完成进行时1. 谓语构成：had been + 动词的现在分词2. 过去完成进行时的使用： 表示从过去某一时间开始的动作，一直延续到过去另一时间而且还依然在进行。到上周末，史密斯夫妇已经在中国旅游了60天了。By the end of last week, the Smiths had been travelling in China for 60 days. 【动词专练】牛津英语动词的时态和语态练习题 . 用括号中动词的适当的形式填空。 1The boy is happy because he _(sell) out all the newspapers.2The plan _(give) up because of the heavy rain. 3If it _(not rain) tomorrow, we _(go )fishing.4Where _you_(be) these days?5Where is Tom? He _(go) to the post office. He said he _(come) back soon.6Mike says he _(want )to be a worker after he _ (finish )school.7The last bus _just _(leave) when they _(get) to the bus stop.8She _(not go) to bed until she _(finish) her work.9Light _(travel )much faster than sound.10I _(feel) much better after I _(take) the medicine.11”Where _we_(meet)?” “Lets meet outside the park gate.”12I_(be) afraid Mr Johnson _(not visit) out school tomorrow.13I _(lost) my bike ._you _(see) it anywhere?14_this kind of car _(produce) in Shanghai?15We _(see) several members of the family since we _(arrive)16I found that the students _(play) football on the playground.17The shop _(close) at this time of day.18Where _your watch _(lose)?19_the doctor _(send) for last night?20Three children _(invite) to the party by Miss Li yesterday.21Some children _(take ) good care by the nurse.22Some new houses _(build) by the villagers themselves.23What language _(speak) in Australia?24The colour TV _(buy) in that shop three days ago.25He said he _(stay) here for another two days.26The doctor said Jim must _(operate ) on at once.27“_the bridge _(repair) yet?”“Yes, the workers_ already_(repair) it.”28We are in Grade One this year, so we _(teach ) physics next year.29“Where _(be) you last night?”“I_(ask) to help Tom at home”30The big tree _(blow)down in the storm last night.31I_ never _(eat) such delicious noodles before.32When we reached the town, it _(get) dark.33We _(have) lunch when suddenly someone knocked at the door.34Lucy said she _(visit) the school the next month.35I _(wait) until he comes back.36You _(watch) TV after supper, arent you?37They _(be) to that small village several times.38.If it _(snow) tomorrow , we wont go to the cinema.39.I (study) it since I was ten years old.40Could you tell me if you _(read) the story book before?41He said the lights in the room _(go) out when he opened the door.42I _(be) fifteen soon.43Tom, your aunt _(come) this afternoon .44My teacher often _(tell) us not to play on the street.45They_(plant) trees on the hill. Do you see?46The teacher said that the earth _(mo