新视野综合训练3第二版Unit1、3、4、5、9 word bank原文翻译.docx

1Educational researchers have found that there is a strong relationship between reading and academic success. In other words, a student who is a good reader is more 1 to do well in schoo1and pass exams than a student who is a weak reader. Good readers can understand the individual sentences and the organizational structure of a piece of writing. They can comprehend ideas, 2 arguments, and detect implications. They know most of the words in the text already, but they can also determine the meaning of many of the 3 words from the contextfailing this, they can use their dictionary effectively to do so. In summary, good readers can obtain from the writing what is important for the particular task they are employed in (从事于). And they can do it quickly!Educational researchers have also found a strong relationship between reading and vocabulary acquaintance. In other words, students who have a large vocabulary are usually good readers. This is not very surprising, since the best way to acquire a large vocabulary is to read a lot. And if you read 4 you are like1y to be or become a good reader! So if you want your child to be successful at school, encourage him or her to read. Reading non-fiction (非小说类文学) in English is probably the most important, but English fiction and any reading in the mother 5 -if done at lengthwill help your child develop the reading competence that is essential for academic achievement. Good book lists can be found in just about any library.教育研究人员发现，阅读和学术上的成功有着很强的关系。换句话说，一个学生是一个好的读者是1到schoo1and通过考试成绩好的学生较薄弱的读者是。优秀的读者可以理解单个句子和一篇写作的组织结构。他们可以理解的想法，2个参数，并检测的影响。他们对文本中的大部分词汇都已经了解，但也可以从语境中确定3个单词的意思，这样就可以有效地使用字典了。总之，好的读者可以从写什么对他们受雇于特定的任务是重要的获得（从事于）。他们可以快速地做它！教育研究者们也发现了阅读和词汇之间的密切关系。换句话说，有大量词汇的学生通常都是优秀的读者。这不是很令人惊讶的，因为获得一个大的词汇量的最好方法是读很多。如果你读了4你like1y是或成为一个好的读者！所以，如果你希望你的孩子在学校取得成功，鼓励他或她读书。阅读非小说（非小说类文学）在英语中可能是最重要的，但英语小说和母亲5任何阅读-如果做最后将帮助你的孩子发展，是学术成果的必备的阅读能力。在任何图书馆都可以找到好的图书清单。3People can be addicted to different things- e. g. alcohol, drug, certain foods,or even television.People who have such an addiction are compulsive: they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters,however, often buy things that they dont need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winners. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and thereal reason. It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, butalso business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. They consider peoples needs for love, power, or influence人们可以对不同的东西上瘾例如酒精，毒品，某些食物，甚至是电视。有这样一种瘾的人是有强迫性的：他们有一个非常强大的心理需要，他们觉得他们必须满足。根据心理学家的研究，很多人都是购物狂。他们觉得他们必须花钱。这种强迫，像其他大多数人一样，是不可能合理地解释的。对于强迫性购买信用账户，收费比金钱更令人兴奋。换句话说，强迫性感觉与信用，他们可以做任何事情。他们在花大量的乐趣，其实比他们买东西的乐趣更大。甚至还有一种特殊的讨价还价的心理。为了省钱，当然，大多数人都在寻找销售，价格低廉，折扣优惠。然而，强迫便宜货的人经常买他们不需要的东西，只是因为他们很便宜。他们想相信他们在帮助他们的预算，但他们真的玩一个令人兴奋的游戏。当他们可以买东西比别人少，他们觉得他们是赢家。大多数人，专家声称，已经为他们的行为的原因有两个：他们所做的事情的真正原因，一个很好的理由。它不仅是科学家，当然，谁了解消费习惯的心理，而且企业人。商店、公司和广告主使用心理学来增加业务。他们认为人们对爱情、权力或影响力的需求While many private schools are focusing more on values,public schools are moving toward testing standards.The national government demands academic success and tests are taken as a key measurement for a schools performance.Schools with low test scores face penalties(处罚) such as a reduction in money to run their schools.And,even individual teachers are being graded on how theyre preparing their students for these tests.“We have concentrated too much on teaching the kids how to take these tests,” commented one elementary school teacher,“We should be providing a more comprehensive curriculum to these kids.We should be cultivating leadership and curiosity.Unfortunately,there is never time.”One school principal remarked,“Its true that it would be beneficial to our kids if they were getting better scores on the subjects being tested.The trouble is that in poorer areas of the city like ours,kids start school less equipped to perform well.We have many obstacles to overcome before we can teach them basic subjects.All schools are not alike,so they shouldnt be tested that way.”“The goal is to improve performance in schools that are not providing their students with tools for success,” said one government official.He admits,however,that he is having a hard time convincing faculty and teachers this plan will work.虽然许多私立学校是公立学校更注重价值，正在向测试标准。国家政府要求的学术成就和测试作为一个学校的绩效的一个关键测试。测试分数较低处罚学校（处罚）如减少的钱来经营他们的学校，甚至个别教师。是按他们是如何准备这些考试的学生。一位小学教师评价一位小学老师说：“我们太过多地教孩子如何接受这些测试，我们应该提供一个更全面的课程，我们应该培养领导能力和好奇心，但不幸的是，没有时间。”一所学校校长说：“如果他们在被测试的科目上获得更好的成绩，这对我们的孩子是有益的。问题是，在我们这个城市贫困地区，孩子们上学时的表现不太好，我们有很多障碍要克服，我们可以教他们基本科目。所有的学校都不一样，所以他们不能用这种方式来做。”一位政府官员说，“这一目标是为了提高学校的绩效，而不是为学生提供成功的工具，”他承认，他有一个令人信服的教师和教师，这一计划将很有说服力。4What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation?In one sense there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it.(1) two speakers speak inexactly the same way.We can always hear differences (2) them,and the pronunciation of English shifts a great deal in different geographical (3) .How do we decide whatsort of English to use as a model?This is not a question that can be (4) in the same way for all foreign learners of English.(5) you live in a part of the world like India or West Africa,where there is a long (6) of speaking English for general communication purpose,you should tend toacquire a good (7) of the pronunciation of this area.On the other hand,if you live in a country (8) there is no traditional use of English,you must take as your modelsome form of native English pronunciation.It does not (9) very much which form you choose.The most effective way is to take as your model the sort of English you can (10)most often.一个完美的英语发音是什么意思？从某种意义上讲，有许多不同种类的英语，有人说它。（1）有人说同样的方式，我们可以经常听到不同的差异（2），而英语的发音在不同的地理位置（3）有很大的变化。用英语作为一个模型吗？这不是一个问题，可以（4）在同一方式对所有外国学习者的英语。（5）你生活在一个世界上，如印度或西非，那里有一个长期（6）的英语口语，一般的沟通的目的，你应该倾向于获得一个良好的（7）这个地区的发音，另一方面，如果你住在一个国家（8）没有传统的英语，你必须采取作为您的模式英语发音的一些形式，它不是（9），它是你选择的，最有效的方法是把你的英语作为你所能做的（10）。最常。For many,beauty and fashion are permanently linked.With regard to fashion,the Barbie doll has been consistently in style.From the first Barbie dolls,Mattel took care to dress them in detailed,fashionable clothes.Some observers note that the fashions of the Barbie doll trace fashion trends perfectly since 1959.While critics complain that the models do not represent “average” female bodies,they also complain about the Barbie dolls size.Some have criticized the dimensions of the Barbie doll as an unattainable ideal of the female shape.Charlotte Johnson,the Barbie dolls first dress designer,explained that the doll was not intended to reflect a female figure realistically,but rather to portray a exaggerated shape underneath fashionable clothes.However,the unrealistic dimensions of the doll have brought the strongest criticism regarding the dolls encouragement of an obsession with weight and looks.Convinced of the negative effects of the Barbie doll on children,Cathy Meredig of High Self Esteem Toys developed a more realistically proportioned doll in 1991.Her doll did not sell well,however.Throughout the years,the Barbie doll has had several competitors ,but none have been able to compete with the glamor offered by the Barbie doll.对许多人来说，美容和时尚是永久的联系。关于时尚，芭比娃娃一直在风格。从第一个芭比娃娃，美泰注意穿着它们详细的、时髦的衣服。一些观察家注意到，自1959以来，芭比娃娃的时尚流行趋势完美地跟踪，而批评者抱怨模型并不代表“平均”的女性身体，他们还抱怨的芭比娃娃的大小。一些人批评芭比娃娃为女性塑造一个不可能实现的理想尺寸。芭比娃娃的第一个服装设计师约翰逊解释说，娃娃不是为了真实地反映一个女性形象，而是为了描绘一个夸张的形状，下面的时尚服装，然而，不切实际的尺寸的娃娃带来了最强烈的批评关于娃娃的鼓励，对重量和外观的痴迷。相信对儿童的负面影响的芭比娃娃，高自尊的玩具凯西meredig开发一个更现实的比例娃娃1991。她的娃娃做得不好，但是。多年来，芭比娃娃已经有好几个竞争对手，但没人能与所提供的芭比娃娃的魅力竞争。5Long ago, in Ancient Greece, two young lovers were about to be separated. The girl wanted something to remind her RD1 her loved one before he left her on his journey, so she drew a line of the wall following the shape of his body. The result was the worlds first portrait, a perfect drawing of a man.Similar stories can be found in countries all around the world, with many places RD2 to have the first ever pictures of an animal or person. In fact, though, none of these stories is likely to be true. So why, where and when did such art RD3 begin?The very first paintings known to archaeologists are those found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. They are RD4 to be over 20,000 years old. Most of the paintings are of animals, and this has given experts a clue to their RD5 .It is now generally accepted that these paintings had RD6 or magical functions. By painting a picture of a wild animal on the wall, early man believed that he would be RD7 when he went hunting.These drawings are usually painted in red, brown, yellow and black with brushes or fingers. The colors were made from RD8 materials, such as earth and plants, which were then RD9 with water to produce paint.As the tradition of art developed, its function also RD10 . People started painting pictures for their own enjoyment and to give pleasure to other people.很久以前，在古希腊，有两个年轻的恋人即将分开。女孩想提醒她RD1她所爱的人在他离开之前她在他的旅行，所以她画了一道墙后他的身体形状。结果是世界上第一幅肖像，一个完美的画的人。类似的故事可以在世界各地的国家，有很多地方RD2有第一次拍照的人或动物。事实上，虽然，这些故事没有可能是真实的。为什么，在何时这种艺术RD3开始？在法国和西班牙的洞穴中发现的最早的绘画作品是那些在法国和西班牙的洞穴里发现的。他们RD4将超过20000岁。大多数画都是动物，这给了专家们自己RD5线索。这是现在人们普遍认为这些画有RD6或神奇功能。通过画在墙上的一种野生动物，早期的人类相信自己会RD7他去打猎时。这些画通常用红色、棕色、黄色和黑色的刷子或手指画。颜色是由RD8材料，如泥土和植物，然后RD9水生产涂料。由于发达的艺术传统，其功能也RD10。人们开始为自己的快乐而画画，给别人带来快乐。As a surgeon, I have seen a lot of deaths. I am rarely astonished by anything. The other day, however, one humorous and slightly odd story I heard touched me. A doctor told me that a very old woman he was treating was lying motionless on her pillow face down. He thought she was dead, but when he approached, he noticed she was breathing. Her hospital gown exposed her back bare, so he put a cover over her. Just then she sat up slowly, startling the doctor. She seemed quite alive. “I thought you were nearly gone,” the doctor said. “Your breathing was so shallow and you seemed lifeless.” “Never mind that , doctor, Ive been waiting for you,” the old woman said quite confidently as if she were his mother. She had been a good mother to four, but she had survived them all. She gracefully handed the doctor a jar of strawberry jam. “Take the lid off and try some,” she said. He sampled a little and told her it was delicious. “Good,” she said ,handing him a piece of paper with writing. “This is how to make it.” He understood what a (n) privilege she had given him and took it with thanks and then left. The old woman lay back down and died soon after his departure.作为一名外科医生，我看到了很多死亡。我很少感到惊讶。然而，有一天，我听到的一个幽默的、有点奇怪的故事让我感动。一位医生告诉我，他正在治疗的一个非常老的女人是在她的枕头上一动不动地躺在她的脸上。他以为她死了，但当他走近时，他注意到她在呼吸。她医院的睡衣把她背露了出来，所以他把一个盖子盖在她的后面。就在这时，她慢慢地坐了起来，这是令人吃惊的医生。她似乎还活着。“我以为你快去了，”医生说。“你的呼吸很浅，你似乎毫无生气。”“不要紧，医生，我一直在等你，”老太婆说得相当自信，好像她是他的母亲。她是一个好母亲，四岁，但她已经存活了他们所有。她优雅地递给医生一罐草莓酱。“把盖子拿下来，试试，”她说。他采样了一点，并告诉她这是美味。“好，”她说，递给他一张纸，写着。“这是怎么做的，”他明白她给了他一个什么样的特权，然后就把它带了，然后离开了。那老妇人躺在他离开后不久就去世了。9Religious and private school receive little or no support from public taxes in the Unite States,and,as a result,are usually somewhat expensive to_1_ The largest group of religious school in America_2_by the Roman Catholic Church.While religious schools tend to be_3_expensive than private schools,there are usually some fees.When there is free education available to all children in the US,why do people_4_money on private schools?Americans offer_5_great variety of reasons for doing so,including the desire of some parents to_6_their children to schools_7_classes tend to be smaller,or where religious instruction is included as part of the educational program,or because,_8_their opinion,the public schools in their area are not_9_high enough quality to meet their needs.Private schools in the US_10_widely in size,quality,and in the kind of program that are offered to meet_11_of certain student.The degree_12_American parents are active in their childrens school is often_13_to people of other countries.Most schools have organizations_14_of both parents and teachers,usually called P.T.A for Parent-Teacher-Association.They meet together to_15_various matters concerning the school.Parents often give their time to help with classroom or after school activities.教会学校和私立学校从美国公共税收中得到的扶持很有限,结果,通常这些学校的入学很昂贵.美国最大的教会学校团体是由罗马天主教开办的.尽管教会学校倾向于没有私立学校学费昂贵,但前者通常有一些其他费用.美国所有儿童都可以获得免费教育,为什么还有人花钱上私立学校?美国人提供了许多理由解释这么做的原因,其中的理由包括一些家长希望把他们的孩子送到更小班型或者教育计划中包括宗教指导的学校中,或者在他们看来,公立学校的质量并不上乘以满足一定学生的需求.美国家长在孩子学校（选择）方面积极主动,其程度让其他国家的人们很吃惊.大部分学校都有由家长和老师共同组成的组织,通常称作家长教师协会.他们聚在一起讨论学校的众多事情.家长经常花时间在教室中帮忙或者在学校活动后帮忙.My friend,An