新编英语教程6unit 4 A red light for scofflawsppt课件

Unit4,ARedLightforScofflaws,Outline:,I.(Para.1)Theproblem:millionsofAmericansarebreakingthelegalcodes.ExamplesQuotationII.(Para.2-4)VarietiesofscofflawsPara.2Scofflawsaboundinamazingvariety.ExamplesPara.3Themostimmediatelyandmeasurablydangerousscofflawryisthe_.ExamplesStatisticsPara.4Themostflagrantscofflawisthe_.ExamplesQuotation,mostvisible,red-lightrunner,III.(Para.5-8)DangersofscofflawsPara.5Thefloutingofbasicrulesharmssocietybecausescofflawsshowno_tothesocialrulesanddisplay_forthefundamentalsoforder.Para.6Todayscofflawryispervasiveandrepresents_.ExamplePara.7Thescofflawryisnotonlyamatterofetiquette.Itmayleadto_.Examples,respect,contempt,theelementarysocialdemoralization,violentcrimes,Para.8ScofflawryatvariouslevelofsocietyshakesthefoundationofU.S.lawmorethanviolentcrimesdo.ExamplesQuotationsdifferentlevels:governmentatmanylevels1._2._3._IV.(Para.9)ConclusionThethesis:Scofflawryisextremely_andU.S.societymustdosomethingaboutit.,police,statelegislatures,theAdministrationinWashington,infectious,ordinarycitizens,Whatdotheymean?scofflaw,scofflawryn.taketo(l.7)litter-bugs(l.14)pot(l.17)joint(l.19)stitches(l.62)skirt(l.69)translation(l.83),Scoff+lawlikepeoplewholitterinpublicplacesmarijuanacigarettecontainingmarijuanaonthewoundavoidexplanation,ScofflawisanouncoinedduringtheProhibitionerameaningapersonwhodrinksillegally.Itisacompoundofthewordsscoffandlaw,meaningonewhomocksorridiculesthelaw.Themeaninghassincebeenextendedtodescribeonewhofloutsanylaw,especiallythosewhicharedifficulttoenforce,andparticularlytrafficlaws.,TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoEnglish,违法者随意对待乱扔垃圾骗税非法制造噪音机动车无序理所当然的事情视觉垃圾垃圾场对熟视无睹避人耳目乱穿马路的人逃票者,law-breakertakelibertieswithoutlawlittertaxcheatingillicitnoisemotorizedanarchyamatterofcoursevisualrubbishtrashdumpsbeblindtoduckoutofpublicsightjaywalkerfarebeater,TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoEnglish,公害醉驾闯红灯违反交通规则对半的机率个别现象生命危险社会道德败坏不文明行为守法公民打法律的擦边球执法不力作壁上观,publicnuisancedrunkdrivingred-lightrunningtrafficviolation50-50toss-up/chanceindividualinstancemortalperilsocialdemoralizationincivilitylaw-abidingcitizenskirtthelawfailtoenforcelawsitstill,Canyoufindmoreusefulexpressions?,Findexpressionsaboutlaw,crimeorscofflawry,trafficviolationandcar.,Laws:law-and-orderlegalcodesrulesordinancesrulesoftheroadstatutes,Crimeandscofflawry:derelictionoutlawtrafficviolationlaw-breakerlaw-breakingculpritminorwrongmajorcrimeviolentcrimetransgressionnoncomplianceincivility不文明行为,littertaxcheatingillicitnoisemotorizedanarchygraffitihooliganismpot-smokeruseofcocainejaywalkingspittingfarebeater,守法abidebythelawcomplywiththelawobservethelawobeythelawkeepthelaw,Trafficviolationandcardoubleparking并排泊车drunkdrivingspeedingred-lightrunningrear-end追尾stopsignalsstoplight,high-beamlights远光灯windshield挡风玻璃taillights尾灯dump-truck自动卸货车stalledcar抛锚的汽车,PartI,I.(Para.1)Theproblem:millionsofAmericansarebreakingthelegalcodes.Thesisstatement:milliosofAmericans,aretakingincreasinglibertieswiththelegalcodes.,PartI,synonymsletaloneillegalheedlesslynegligence,nottomention,muchless,illicit,dereliction,blithely,PartI,takeliberties(aliberty)with:behaveinaboldorimpolitewaytowards随意对待，放肆e.g.takelibertieswithoneshealthtakegreatlibertieswithgrammarThedirectoroftheplayhastakentoomanylibertieswiththeoriginalnovel.takethelibertytodosth.takethelibertyofsth.e.g.Itookthelibertyofusingyourcomputerwhenyouareaway.MayItakethelibertyofcallingyou?,PartI,taketo:like;startdoingsth.asahabite.g.Hehastakentogettingupat6andgoingjogging.Hestakentodrinking.,PartIIvarietiesofscofflaws,Para.2Scofflawsaboundinamazingvariety.ExamplesPara.3Themostimmediatelyandmeasurablydangerousscofflawryisthemostvisible.ExamplesStatisticaldataPara.4Themostflagrantscofflawisthered-lightrunner.ExamplesQuotation,P2,abound:v.beplentiful(l.11)e.g.Rumorsaboundastothereasonforhisresignation.Sarcasmaboundsin“FortressBesieged”.flurry:abundance,greatquantitypassaround:offerflagrant:notoriousWhatdoes“hello,Everybody”mean?,P2,coinedcompoundwordsthegraffiti-pronelitter-bugstwo-wheeledvehicleshigh-decibelportableradiosthebeer-soakedhooliganismmiddle-andupper-classlife,P3,Whatisthemostimmediatelyandmeasurablydangerousscofflaws?Whatdangershavetheycaused?,P3,beater:swindler,cheatermeasurably:greatlyaddupto:resultincolossal:verylargeopenhighway:broadhighway,P4,flout:treatwithcontemptwane:declinerouletteRussianroulette,PartIIIDangersofscofflaws,Para.5Thefloutingofbasicrulesharmssocietybecausescofflawsshownorespecttothesocialrulesanddisplaycontemptforthefundamentalsoforder.Para.6Todayscofflawryispervasiveandrepresentstheelementarysocialdemoralization.ExamplePara.7Thescofflawryisnotonlyamatterofetiquette.Itmayleadtoviolentcrimes.ExamplesPara.8ScofflawryatvariouslevelofsocietyshakesthefoundationofU.S.lawmorethanviolentcrimesdo.ExamplesQuotations,P5,Inwhatwayisred-lightrunningamoreseriousbreachofsocialorder?theyshownorespectforthesocialrulessocietycannothelpbeingharmedIdeaisdeepenedhere:Scofflawryisrelatedtosocialmorality.Payattentiontotheuseof“however”inthetext.Howdoesitcontributetothecoherenceofthetext?,P5,instance:situatione.g.Heisrightaboutmostthings,butinthisinstance,Ithinkhewaswrong.inyourinstanceWhentheviolationbecomeshabitual,widespreadandincessant,agreatdealmorethanatrafficmanagementproblemisinvolved.?whenitdevelopedintoasocialhabit,itbecomesaproblemagreatdealmoreseriousthanameretrafficproblem.,P5,leaveadeepdent:damage(metaphor)Ifhypocrisyisthetributethatvicepaystovirtue,thenfurtivenessisthetrueoutlawssalutetotheforceoflaw-and-order.Wrongdoers,intheirdealingwiththevirtuous,actasiftheyarepersonofgoodrepute.Atruelawbreakerinconfrontingthepoliceforceactsstealthilyandtrytoconcealhiscrime.brazen:shameless,bold-facedwhatever,whatsoever:(emphasize)atall无论什么e.g.Thereisnodoubtwhatsoever.Icantseeanyonewhatsoever.,P6,foralltheirdifferences:nomatterhowdifferenttheyareinformsofapiece:sametoeachothersymptomofelementarysocialdemoralization:indicationthatthesocietyhasbeendegradedmorallygovern:discipline,P6,Whatpointdoesthewriterwanttomakewiththeexampleofchildren?Thescofflawspiritispervasiveandthelossofmoralityisevencultivatedinchildhood.,P7,Whatpremonitiondoesthewritemakeinp.7and8?Scofflawryisnotamatterofbadmanners;itmaybemorepowerfulthanviolentcrimesinshakingthefoundationofU.Slaw.twowarnings:Scofflawrymayleadtoseriouscrimes.ScofflawryatvariouslevelofsocietyshakesthefoundationofU.S.law(morethanviolentcrimes).,P7,prospect:futureviolentoutbreaks:violentactionsagainstthelawitems:examples,caseshurl:throwslug:slog,hithardwithfistbatter:hithardbolt:metalbartheHoustonFreewaysyndromelikeadisease(metaphor),P8,skirt:avoid;goaroundtheedgeofe.g.Apathskirtsaroundthevillage.Hisspeechskirtedaroundthemainissue.majorinstance:importantexampleexhilarating:excitingunwitting:unconscious,P8,governmentatmanylevels:-police-statelegislatures-theAdministrationinWashingtonmandate:orderconstituents:voterssubvert:undermineenact:levypuny:verysmall,insignificanttrivialize:makeinsignificanttransgression:law-breaking,violationofrules,P8,dramatize:makemoreobviousnullify:declarelegallyvoidrulings:(court)officialdecisionjustification:reasonsTranslation:scofflawryatthetop.?Thatmeans:AdministrationinWashingtonisthelaw-breakerinthehighestposition.,P8,Isitappropriateforthewritetoendhisessaybypresentingevidenceofscofflawryatthetop?Ifthelaw-makersareignoringthelaw,howcantheordinarycitizensbeexpectedtoabidebythelaw.,IV.Conclusion,P.9ScofflawryisextremelyinfectiousandU.S.societymustdosomethingaboutit.disquieting:disturbing,upsetting,annoyingterminal:fatal,approachingdeathe.g.terminalcancerterminallyillsitstill:donothingallow:tolerateindefinite:unchecked,windshield,hood/bonnet,trunk/boot,sunroof,headlight,indicator,sidelight,rear-viewmirror,doorhandle,licenseplate,brakelightreversinglight,tire,steeringwheeldashboardgearstickacceleratorclutchbrakehorn,Car,Exercises,III.Translation1.Hecantevenaffordtorentaone-roomflat,letalonebuyavilla.Theeditorisnotentitledtotakelibertieswiththetextofaliterarywork.Undertheinfluenceofmyparents,Itooktoliteratureinmyteens.Mysisterhavingleftforcollege,herbedroomhasbeenconvertedintoastudy.Shortageoffundandlabourhasbeenplaguingthecompanyformanyyears.Shanghairanksasoneofthekeyinternationalnavigationcentersintheworld.Theincessantnoisefromtheconstructionsitekeptusawakeallnight.Astheotherpartyfailedtofulfilltheirobligationstimeandagain,theydecidedtonullifythecontract.,Exercises,2.法律与秩序是美国历史上持续时间最长且很可能是人们最为热衷的政治议题。但可悲的是，数以百万的美国人，虽然从不以为自己是违法者，更谈不上是罪犯，但对旨在保护、滋养他们的社会所制定的法规越来越不当回事。说真的，当今像乱扔赃物、骗税、制造扰民噪音和机动车无序行驶等一系列藐视法律的行为好像代表了未来的潮流。哈佛大学的社会学家李斯曼甚至怀疑绝大多数美国人已经漫不经心地把犯一些似乎是小错的行为当成是理所当然的事。李斯曼说美国社会的伦理甚至已经堕落到“只有傻瓜才守法”的地步。,Exercises,LanguageworkI.Grammar1.1)Thechargebroughtagainstthebicyclistingreenwasoneofviolatingthetrafficlaws.2)Allobstaclesinthewayofputtinganendtoscofflawryshouldbesweptaway.3)Tospeakplainly,thenewschemetoenforcecertainl