Unit 6 The Telephone

.,TheTelephone,.,Contents,Warming-upexercisesBackgroundInformationWordsanalysisTextAnalysisWordstokeepinformedtoseeclearly,.,Tohave(no)needof:(not)toneedsth.（不）需要ChinahasitsownspacetechnologyandhasnoneedofAmericanhelp.,.,Rollby:1.pass,esp.smoothandsteadily平稳地驶过2.(oftime)pass,esp.quickly;passinsteadysuccession(岁月）流逝，（时间）逝去,.,Whoop:Giveawhoopofrage怒吼WhoopsofjoyTowhoopwithdelight高兴地喊叫起来,.,Toil:(at,on,through)toworkveryhardforalongperiodoftime苦干、辛勤工作Theywerebathedinsweatastheytoiledattheirdigging.Itisnt/wasntthatNotthatIdislikethework,butthatIhavenotime.,.,frame:toorganizeanddevelopaplan,system,etc.制订，构思Frameanewbill制订新的法案anewmethodanexcuse,.,Fine:adv.inawaythatisacceptableandgoodenough很好Dontworry.Heisdoingfine.Thingsarefineatschoolthisyear.Talkfine.说得好听。Ilikeitfine.我很喜欢这个东西。,.,Para.4thatcausedtheroofonthemayorshousetocavein.,(ofrooforwall)tofalldownorinward;tocollapse,塌落，倒塌，（墙等）内陷,thatcausedthemayorshouserooftocollapse.,.,Youcouldntbemoreaccuratethanthat,now,couldyou?,(spoken)usedforgivingemphasistoarequest,order,orcomment,Becareful,now.(order)好了，小心了。Now,whatsgoingonhere?(request)呃，这儿是怎么回事？Itsmarvelous,nowisntit?(comment)哎，好极了。,.,Andthatsthewayitwasinourlittlevillageforasfarbackasanybodycouldremember.,Andthatshowwekepttrackoftheimportanteventsinourlittlevillagetotheextentthat/foraslongastheoldestpeoplecouldremember.,serveastheobjectof“for”,Para.8,.,becausemenwhowouldnotlieeventosavetheirownsoulstoldandretoldthatstoryuntilitwasincorporatedintoMagdalunascalendar.,tosavetheirlives,Thisshows,tosomeextent,thewayofthinkingofthevillagersinthosedayswhenhonestyprevailed.Theytrustedhonestpeopleanddidntseekanyproofforwhathadbeensaidaboutpastevents.,untiltheeventbecameoneofthethingsbywhichwekepttrackoftheimportanteventsinourlives.,.,Tosavetheirownsouls:tosavetheirlives.(Maybeareligiousmeaning,i.e.lyingisasin,andsinningwillmakeitdifficulttogetintoHeavenwhenyoudie.)Incorporate:(into)toincludesth.aspartofagroup,system,plan,etc.包含、加上、吸收Hisproposalwasincorporatedintotheplan.,.,incorporatesth.(into):toaddorincludesth.aspartofsth.else,Thecompanydecidedtoincorporatethenewfeatureintotheirmicrocomputer.Anumberofcoursesinpublicrelationshavebeenincorporatedintoourcurriculum.,包含，并入,.,Para.9Theyearofthefish-bearingwhirlwindwasnotthelastremarkableyear.Manyothersfollowedinwhichstrangeandwonderfulthingshappened.Atransitionalsentencethatbeginswithanotherpartoftheessay,whichextendstoparagraph10:theyearofthedrought,oneofthebestinthewriterschildhood.,.,Bear:(ofwind,sea,air)tomovesth.along运送Thesoundofmusicwasborneonthewind.音乐随风飘来。,.,Therewas,forinstance,theyearofthedrought,whentheheavenswereshutformonthsandthespringfromwhichtheentirevillagegotitsdrinkingwaterslowedtoatrickle.,Graduallytherewasonlyasmallamountofwatercomingslowlyoutofthespring.,Itdidntrainformonthsasiftheskywereshuttight.,(literary)thesky,.,to:usedforstatingwhatconditionorstatesb.orsth.isafterachange,Theancienttemplehasbeenrestoredtoitsformerglory.Thediseasehasreducedthepatienttoabagofbones.,.,Ravine:沟壑Clearing：asmallareawheretherearenotreesinthemiddleofawood林中空地Marble：弹子Pack:toputorpushthingsinto挤满、塞满Wewerepackedtightinthebus.Theaudiencepackedthehall.,.,Sticky:1.黏性的Theroadwasstickyaftertherain.Stickysweets2.(ofasituation)difficult,awkward;Astickyproblem/issue难题Heputhimintoaratherstickyposition.Thingsweregettingtoostickyforhim.,.,3.notwillingtohelpIaskedhimtolendmesomemoney,buthewasratherstickyaboutit.4.tohavestickyfingers:Tobelikelytostealsth.5.不肯变化的Stickyprices6.难以销售的Usedbikesaresticky.7.不愉快的、痛苦的Stickypast,.,Shoo:Crowdsofchildrenwereshooedawaybytheirteacher.Nap:tosleepforashorttimeduringtheday小睡、打盹Henappedmostoftheclassaway.,.,theirnappingmenandwetbabies,theirhusbandswhoweretakinganapandtheirbabieswhowerebreastfed.,CulturalNote:MeninArabcountries,especiallyinthecountryside,usuallydontdoanyhousework.,.,flare:Para.101.ifpeoplestempersflare,theygetangry.Tempersflaredandharshwordswereexchanged.人们发怒了，开始对骂起来。Sheflareathim.2.toburnbrightly闪耀、燃烧、闪亮Candlesflaredinthewind.烛光在风中摇曳不定。,.,Andsometimestheargumentsescalatedintofull-blown,knockdown-dragoutfights.,Andsometimestheargumentsbecamesofiercethatthewomenbegantofightviolently.,(AmE.)veryviolentoruncontrolled激烈的,inthemostcompleteanddevelopedform（花）盛开的；充分发展的,.,.,Full-blown:inthemostcompleteanddevelopedform（花）盛开的；充分发展的Theeconomicslowdownreachedthestatusofafull-blownrecession经济减缓已演变成全面的经济衰退。knockdown-dragout:veryviolentoruncontrolled激烈的、猛烈的knockdown-dragoutdebateknockdown-dragoutfight,.,Ifwesurrenderonthissmallissue,theyundoubtedlywillescalatetheirdemands.如果我们在这个小问题上让步，他们会得寸进尺，提出更多要求。escalatingprice/pressureescalator自动扶梯,v.toincreaseinintensityorextent,escalate,Translation,逐渐增强逐渐上升扩大,.,calleachothernamesthatmademyearstingle,stoabusethembyinsultingwords,thewordstheyusedwhentheywerequarrelingweresooffensivethatwelittleboysfeltuncomfortable,.,s,calleachothernamescallsb.bynameinnameinonesownnameinthenameofmakeonesnametoonesnameunderthenameofusesb.sname,谩骂某人名叫，直呼其名在名义上用自己的名义，擅自在名下，代表；为了；依凭使某人成名、出名在自己名下，属自己所有用的名字，以的名义援引某人的话,.,Tingle:感到刺痛Hishandstingledwithcold.他的双手冻得生疼。,.,Iremembertherush,theexcitement,thesundancingonthedustcloudsasadressrippedandayoungwhitebreastwasrevealed,thenquicklyhidden.,Somewomenwerefightingfuriouslycreatingdustclouds.Thesunwasmovingquicklyonthedustwhenayoungwomansdresswastornopenandherbreastexposed.Welittleboyswouldrushtostealaglancebeforeitwashiddenagain.IstillremembertheexcitementIfeltatsuchmoments.,.,Rush:astrong,usuallypleasantfeelingthatyougetfromtakingadrugorfromdoingsth.exciting(身体的）一阵感觉，（感情的）一阵激动Thememorycamebackwithapainfulrush.回忆往事，心里一阵难过。Rip:totearsth.orbetornquicklyandviolentlyHerippedtheletteracrossandthrewthehalvesintothebasket.(v.t.)Thesailsrippedundertheforceofthewind.(v.i.),.,reveal,v.a.tomakeknown;todiscloseb.tolayopentoview;toexpose/show/display/exhibit,Examples:Investigationhasrevealedhimtobeacriminal.Shedrewthecurtainsasidetorevealabeautifulgarden.Theirfacesrevealedangerandalarm.,Translation,揭露揭示展示显示,cf.revealing,.,arevealingdressarevealingconversation/experienceWelistenedtohimfortwosolid(整整）hours,buthehadnothingveryrevealingtosay.,revealingadj.,Translation,暴露身体的有启迪作用的,exposingpartsofthebodythatareusuallycoveredgivinginformationorinsightaboutsth.previouslyconcealed,.,Para.11,Butinanotherway:thisisanothertransitionalsentencethatbeginsthemainpartoftheessay:howthetelephonechangedthewayoflifeofthevillagersandmarkedaturningpointinthewriterslife.Allthefirst10paragraphsserveasanintroduction:whatlifewaslikebeforethetelephonecamealong.,.,Notehowthewriteropensthissection.Afterconcludingthattheyearofdroughtwillalwaysbeoneofthebestyearsofhischildhood,hegoesontodescribetheyearasoneoftheworstinhislife,ofcourse,fromachildsviewpoint.,.,Itis/was(high)timethat(pasttense)是时候Itistimeweleft.我们该走了。Itwashightimethattheyhadanegotiation.,.,Magdalunawasnotgoingtogetanywhereuntilithadone.,Magdalunawouldntachieveanysuccesswithoutatelephone.,.,togetanywhere：tomakeorhavesomesuccess(否定或疑问句中）有些进展，有些成就Togetsomewhere:tomakesomeprogressorhavesomesuccess(肯定句）有些进展，有些成就Togetnowhere:tomakenoprogressorhavenosuccess没有进展、没有成就,Haveyougotanywhereinyourproject?Youllsurelygetsomewhereifyoupersistinit.,.,cf.nottogetsb.anywhere:wonthelpsb.tosucceedLosingyourtemperwontgetyouanywherewiththem.,.,Outshout:比叫得响，观点占上风Outmatch优于，胜于Outperform比做得好OutnumberOutrank（级别或职务）高于,.,shun,v.tokeepawayfrom;totakepainstoavoid避开、回避Hewasshunnedbyhisformerfriends.,shunt转移；摆脱,.,Buttheywereoutshoutedandignoredandfinallyshunnedbytheothervillagers,Butthemajorityofthevillagerswereforthetelephone,andtheywouldntlistentothosefewpeoplewhowerefinallydeliberatelyavoidedforresistingprogress.,self-coinedword:prefix“out-”+shout,thoseforthetelephonewerelouder(orstronger)thantheothersintheirarguments,.,atoneselbow:withineasyreach,nearandreadyforuse在近边，在手边Themanisveryinterestedincookingandalwayshasalotofcookerybooksathiselbow.Avirtueofavillaisthattheoceanandthehillisatyourelbow.这个别墅的好处之一就是依山傍海。,Para.13,.,Proceed:tobeginorcontinueinacourseofaction继续做下去Dontletmestopyou;proceedwithyourwork.Letsproceedtothenextitemontheagenda.,.,Gravity:庄严、认真、严肃Thegravityofthegirlplayingnursewasamusing.Relay:topassamessagefromonepersontoanother转述，转达Wehadtorelaywhathesaidtohisemployeesandthenrelaybacktohimtheiranswer.,.,Para.15,Stick:1.topushsth.(esp.apointedobject)intoorthrough刺、捅、插2.tocausetobefixedwithastickysubstance粘住Stickanoticeonthewall.把布告贴在墙上,.,“Irememberanotherincident,”someonechimedin.Herexpectationchimesinwiththebeliefofmanyothers.,chimeinPara.16,a.插话b.协调，一致，融合,tobreakinto/enter(aconversation);tointerrupttobecompatible;toagreewith,.,Para.17,Wriggle:totwistfromsidetosidewithsmallquickmovements扭动、蠕动Thedetectivewriggledhimselfthroughthehole.侦探扭动身子从洞口钻了进去。Thechildtriedtowriggleoutofhismothersarms.孩子一扭一扭地想从母亲怀里挣脱出来。,.,Para.19,Rasp:V.1.torubwithsth.rough擦、刮2.(ofsound)tohavearough,annoyingeffect(声音）发出刺耳声n.擦刮声、刺耳声Raspy:Raspywords刺耳的话语Araspytemper火爆性子Beraspyfromlackofsleep因缺少睡眠而心情烦躁、,.,adevoutadmirerdevoutthanks,devout,adj.devotedtodivineworshiporservice,.,绞出，拧出强行索取使痛苦,Translation,Theworkerwringsthewaterfromthetowel.Therobberintendstowringmoneyoutof/fromtheoldman.Thesightoftheorphanchildwringsourhearts.,wring,v.toclaspandtwistorsqueezeasindistress,.,使某人不被烦扰,keepsb.outofoneshair,Thewifeissokindastoalwayskeepherhusbandoutofherhair.,Translation,(inform.)(collo.)tohavesb.awayfromthetrouble;toirritatesb.,.,Attendto注意、照料、致力于AttendtoasickmanHeshouldattendbettertohisstudies.他应该更加专心于他的学习。,.,Bustle:tobebusilyactive,oftenwithmuchnoise闹哄哄地忙乱、奔忙；喧扰Reassuring:makingyoufeellessworriedorfrightened安慰的、使人放心的Itisreassuringtoknowthatthereisalwayssomeonearoundtohelp.Homey:pleasant,homelike像家一样的，舒适的,.,whentheloudvoicesofthementalking,laughing,andarguingcouldbeheardinthestreetbelowareassuring,homeysound.,asoundthatmakesyoufeellessworriedandthatisinapleasantwayandremindsyouofhome,appositive,.,疲劳的沉闷的,wearyadj.,Shetookonawearylookwith30days,continuousfighting.ProgramsonTVhavedegeneratedintowearyrepetitionofeachother.,Translation,.,Herhousewasanislandofcomfort,anoasisforthewearyvillagemen,exhaustedfromhavingsolittletodo.村子里的男人因无所事事而筋疲力尽，对那些疲惫而沉闷的男人们来说，她的家就是一个舒适的小岛，一片沙漠中的绿洲。1.metaphor2.paradox:似是而非的隽语,.,1.Afriendtoeverybodyisafriendtonobody.(proverb)2.Whatmaybedoneatanytimewillbedoneatnotime.(proverb）3.Juliet:Myonlylovesprungfrommyonlyhate!恨灰中燃起了爱火融融！,.,thesignalthattheywerereadytotossbackandforth,likeaball,thelatestrumorsgoingaroundthevillage.,thisshowedthatnowtheywerereadytoexchangethelatestnews.,Para.21,.,Toss:tothrowsth.esp.sth.light,withaquickmovementofyourhands扔、抛、掷tosstheballtoeachotherHetossedatthemahard-linespeech.他朝他们发表了一番强硬的讲话。Backandforth:来回地、反复地Pacebackandforthintheroom,.,Deliversb.fromsb./sth.:tohelpsb.escapefromsth.badorevil释放、解救、解脱Theydeliveredthehostagesfromtheterrorists.Lukewarm:(offood,liquid,etc.)slightlywarmandnotashotorcoldasitshouldbe不冷不热的、温的LukewarmwaterBuyershaveadoptedalukewarmattitude.买主的态度不甚热情。,.,Runanerrandforme,willyou?GofindRogerforme.Hewastiredofrunningerrandsforhissister.,errand,n.shortjourneytotakeamessage,getordelivergoods,etc.（短程的）差事、任务Hedidthreeerrandsinonetrip.Ifyourunerrandforsb.,youdoorgetsth.forthem,usuallybemakingashorttripsomewhere.,Para.22,.,assure:tomakesth.certaintohappenorbegained确保（利润、成功、幸福等；保障Assureaccuracy确保精确Assurethesuccess确保成功Assurethenationalsecurity确保国家安全Strengthandgoodtactics(战略、战术)assuredhissuccessattheAsianGames.note:ThedoctorassuredmethatIwasinsafehands.,.,trailoff(ofonesvoice,speech,etc.,tochangegraduallysoastobecomeweak,ineffectual,etc.andthenstop,Hisinterestintheworktrailedoff.Hervoicetrailedoffintoawhisper.,Translation,逐渐减弱，缩小,.,Bunch:alargenumberofpeopleorthings,oralargeamountofsth.帮、群、批Thedoctoraskedmeabunchofquestions.,Para.23,.,Thearmytookthem.Thearmyenlistedthem.Sinceachievingindependencein1943,Lebanonshistoryhasbecomemarkedbypoliticalturmoilandbloodshed:civilwarsandconflictswithIsrael.Probablythatwaswhythecountrymaintainedacomparativelylargearmy.,Para.24,.,lure,v.toattract,draworrecall吸引、引诱n.anythingthatattracts;powerofattracting诱惑物、吸引力,Thehunterluredthefoxintoatrap.Largefirmslurecustomersawaywithslick（圆滑的、华而不实的）advertisement.Thebeacheshavebecomealureforwalking,e