木业术语中英文对照.doc

木业术语中英文对照木业术语中英文对照 木材识别woodidentification又称“木材鉴别”。横切面crosssection,transversesection又称“横截面”。弦切面tangentialsection径切面radialsection树皮bark韧皮部phloem,bast韧皮纤维phloemfiber,bastfiber形成层cambium木质部xylem髓心pith髓斑pithfleck节子knot树胶道gumduct,gumcanal树脂道resinduct,resincanal树脂囊pitchpocket树脂条纹pitchstreak创伤树脂道traumaticresinduct,traumaticresincanal生长轮growthring年轮annualring散孔材diffuseporouswood半散孔材semi-diffuseporouswood环孔材ring-porouswood半环孔材semi-ring-porouswood木材的各向异性anisotropyofwood管孔pore管胞tracheid木射线woodray,xylemray射线管胞raytracheid导管分子vesselmember,vesselelement导管vessel薄壁组织parenchyma薄壁组织细胞parenchymacell虫眼pinhole,wormhole分泌细胞epithelialcell细结构finetexture粗结构coarsetexture松散纹理loosenedgrain斜纹理crossgrain交错纹理interlockedgrain螺旋纹理spiralgrain木材花纹woodfigure细胞腔celllumen,cellcavity细胞壁cellwall胞间层middlelamella纹孔pit单纹孔对simplepitpair具缘纹孔对borderedpitpair半具缘纹孔对halfborderedpitpair纹孔环pitannulus纹孔口pitaperture,orifice纹孔缘pitborder纹孔道pitcanal纹孔腔pitcavity纹孔室pitchamber纹孔闭塞pitaspiration纹孔塞torus,pittorus自由水freewater吸着水boundwater又称“结合水”。平衡含水率equilibriummoisturecontent纤维饱和点fibersaturationpoint木材膨胀woodswelling又称“木材润胀”。湿润性wettability滞后现象hysteresis木材干缩woodshrinkage顺纹抗压强度compressionstrengthparalleltograin顺纹抗拉强度tensilestrengthparalleltograin横纹抗压强度compressionstrengthperpendiculartograin横纹抗拉强度tensilestrengthperpendiculartograin顺纹抗剪强度shearstrengthparalleltograin横纹抗剪强度shearstrengthperpendiculartograin压缩破坏compressionfailure侵填体tylosis胞壁物质cellwallsubstance拟侵填体tylosoid木材综合利用woodcomprehensiveutilization全树利用whole-treeutilization,complete-treeutilization木材工艺学woodtechnology制材lumbering制材产品lumberproduct锯材sawntimber成材lumber板材board方材square毛方cant毛边材unedgedlumber板条strip半圆材half-roundwood半成材shoplumber净面材clearcuttingboard板皮slab下脚料offcuts跑锯材misscutlumber粗锯材unwroughttimber小方材butten钝棱材waneylumber灰板条lath制材工艺sawingtechnology原木剥皮logbarking原木整形logroughrounding划线下锯patternlinesawing锯剖图sawingpattern避心下锯法sidecut抽心下锯法boxheartsawing弦向下锯法plainsawing,flatsawing径向下锯法centersawn三面下锯法three-facedsawing四面下锯法four-facedsawing毛板下锯法through-and-throughsawing锯路sawkerf锯齿料toothsetting拨料briardressing,springset压料swaging,swageset原木出材量millrun出材率out-put,percentageofcut-turn木材干燥wooddrying自然干燥naturalseasoning,airseasoning又称“气干”。人工干燥artificialseasoning除湿干燥dehumidification真空干燥vacuumdrying微波干燥microwavedrying太阳能干燥solardrying过热蒸汽干燥superheatedsteamdrying高频干燥radio-frequencydrying,high-frequencydrying高温干燥high-temperaturedrying气干材air-seasonedtimber窑干材kiln-driedtimber堆积材积stackedvolume干燥基准dryingschedule,kilnschedule干燥应力dryingstress含水率梯度moisturegradient干燥缺陷dryingdefect表面硬化casehardening中心硬化reversecasehardening又称“逆表面硬化”。干缩dryshrinkage皱缩collapse,washboarding又称“溃缩”。干缩比ratiooftangentialtoradialshrinkage干裂check表裂surfacecheck端裂endcheck细裂haircrack,haircheck环裂ringshake径裂radialshake蜂窝裂honeycombing翘曲warp,warping,distortion菱形变形diamonding扭曲twisting,winding侧弯crook,spring,edgebend弓弯bowing瓦形弯cupping尺寸稳定性dimensionalstability调温调湿conditioning木材保护woodprotection木材防腐woodpreservation木材防腐剂woodpreservative满细胞法full-cellprocess空细胞法empty-cellprocess热冷槽法hotandcoldbathprocess扩散法diffusionprocess双扩散法double-diffusionprocess双真空法doublevacuumprocess振荡加压法oscillatingpressureprocess频压法alternatingpressureprocess二次循环法doubleRuepingprocess端压法Boucherieprocess又称“树液置换法”。有机溶剂载送法Cellonprocess枪注法gun-injectionprocess刻痕incising浸渍dipping浸注性impregnatability拒受点refusalpoint,virtualrefusal净保持量netretention透入度penetrability又称“透入性”。处理性treatability渗出性leachability溢油bleeding起霜bloom木材腐朽wooddecay木材败坏wooddeterioration木材变色woodstain木材化学变色woodchemicalstain斑腐mottledrot红腐redrot软腐softrot木材蛀孔害虫woodboringinsect毒性试验toxicitytest半致死剂量lethaldosage50,LD50毒性极限toxicitylimit起始剂量值thresholdvalue木材阻燃fire-retardingofwood木材阻燃剂woodfireretardant耐火极限limitoffireresistance炭化长度charlength火焰传播速度rateofflamespread阻燃时间durationoffireresistance续燃时间afterflametime燃烧失重率rateoflostmassafterfire木材切削woodcutting,woodmachining无屑切削chiplesscutting纵向切削longitudinalcutting横截crosscutting横向切削transverse-longitudinalcutting端向切削endgraincutting斜向切削obliquecutting斜角切削inclinedcutting直角切削orthogonalcutting又称“正切削”。顺铣downmilling,climbmilling逆铣upmilling,conventionalmilling端铣endmilling毛刺fuzzygrain,woollygrain切削崩痕chippedgrain切削波纹raisedgrain削片压痕chipmarks,bruising漏刨skip-in-planing切削沟痕torngrain又称“毛刺沟痕”。撕裂tearing木制品woodenarticle拼接jointing容器苗栽植器plantingtube挖坑机earthauger深栽钻孔机deepplantingauger植树机treeplanter连续开沟植树机continuousfurrowplanter间断开沟植树机intermittentfurrowplanter挖穴式植树机automaticinjectionplanter坡地植树机steepslopetreeplanter树木挖掘机treeballingmachine树木移植机treetransplantingmachine,treespade植被搔碎机reforestationscarifier飞机种子撒播机helicopter-mountedbroadcaster森林抚育机械forestcultivationmachinery幼林除草松土机youngstandcultivator修枝机pruner自动爬树修枝机treemonkey树篱修剪机hedgecutter森林保护机械forestprotectionmachinery树木护罩喷雾器tree-guardsprayer防火犁fireplow红外探火仪infraredfiredetector探火热象仪thermalimagingsystemforfiredetecting风力灭火机pneumaticextinguisher直升机灭火装置helitanker森林消防车forestfire-fightingcaravan森林采运机械loggingmachinery又称“木材生产机械”。森林采运机械化loggingmechanization森林采运机械系统loggingmachinesystem森林采伐机械fellingmachinery链锯chainsaw汽油动力链锯gasolinepoweredchainsaw,chainsaw简称“油锯”。电动链锯electricpoweredchainsaw简称“电锯”。锯链锉磨机sawchainfilingmachine伐木机feller,fellingmachine伐木剪treeshears打枝机delimber集材机械skiddingmachinery集材拖拉机skidder,loggingtractor钢丝绳集材拖拉机cableskidder又称“索式集材拖拉机”。抓钩集材拖拉机grappleskidder自装集材拖拉机self-loadingskidder集运机forwarder绞盘机winch装车绞盘机loadingwinch索道绞盘机yarder,skylinewinch自行式绞盘机mobileyarder森林采伐联合机forestharvestingcombine,treeharvester完成伐木和其它一种或多种伐区作业的多功能自行式机械的总称。伐木-归堆机feller-buncher伐木-集材机feller-skidder伐木-打枝-归堆机feller-delimber-buncher伐木-打枝-造材-归堆机feller-delimber-bucker-buncher打枝-造材-归堆机delimber-bucker-buncher运材机械loghaulingmachinery运材汽车logtruck运材挂车loggingtrailer森铁机车logginglocomotive,dinkey森铁台车forestryrailroadcar,disconnectedtruck编排机raftingmachine木排拖轮tugboat木材起重输送机械loghandlingandconveyingmachinery架杆装车机A-frameloader架杆兜卸机frameunloader木材液压起重臂hydrauliclogloadingboom木材装载机logloader木材叉车logfork-lifttruck林用龙门起重机forestrygantrycrane林用装卸桥forestryoverheadtravellingcrane缆索起重机cablecrane链式输送机chainconveyor索式输送机cableconveyor造材自动线automatedbuckin