英语一般过去时和过去进行时

1、 一般过去时（一）一般过去时时态（1） 主要用来表示过去某一时间发生的（和现在没有联系的）动作或所处的状态，常有一个表示明确的过去的时间状语，如：the day before yesterday, yesterday, last week, three days ago, just now, at that time , in 1999等；或跟由while/when等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句；或有上下文暗示动作发生的时间是在过去 They were in Paris three years ago. 三年前他们在巴黎 When I was at college, I spoke three foreign languages. 上大学的时候，我讲三门外语。 Have you seen a pen? I left here this morning,你看见一支笔了吗？今天早上我这的。 Is it a black one? I think I saw it somewhere. 是黑色的吗？我想我在什么地方见到过。（2） 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He always got up late on Sundays. 周日他总是很晚才起床。（3） 表示客气，与过去式无关，一般用在情态动词中 Would/Could you please give me a hand？ 你能帮我一下吗？（二）谓语构成 一般过去时的谓语不管主语的人称和单复数都用动词的过去式表示，动词的过去式有规则与不规则两种。规则动词的过去式在动词原形后加-ed, 不规则动词的过去式要逐个记忆。规则动词的过去式变化方式如下： 情 况变 化 规 则例 词一般情况在动词原形后加-edstartstarted work worked enjoyenjoyed finish finished 以不发音的e 结尾的词 在动词后加-dphonephoned live livedmove moved hope hoped以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为 i，再加-edcry cried carry carriedtry tried study studied以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写该辅音字母，再加-edplanplanned stop stopped 不规则动词的过去式 （举例）begin began go went see saw do did get got come came leave left am was are were give gave have had think thought（3） 一般过去时的否定式和疑问式（1）实义动词的一般过去时的否定式和疑问式要用助动词did帮助构成。疑问句的简单回答也要用助动词。（Yes, I did. / No, I didnt） 否定句构成： 主语 + did not (didnt) + 动词原形例如：I didn t see your sister last Sunday. 我上星期天没看见你的姐姐。 He did not go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没有去看电影. 疑问句构成：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 ? Did you enjoy the film? 你喜欢这部电影吗？ - Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。 - Did she go back before noon? 她是中午前回来的吗？ - Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 是的，她是的。/ 不，她不是。（2） 动词be (was, were) 的一般过去时的否定句和疑问句不用助动词did，直接用 was, were提问（放在主语前面）构成疑问句，在be动词后加not 构成否定句: was not / wasnt were not / werent。 回答也一样。 Was he at home last night? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. Were you in Class 1, Grade 3 last year? Yes, I was , / No, I wasnt. 2、 过去进行时 （1） 过去进行时时态（1）表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：this morning，the whole morning，all day， from nine to ten，this time yesterday， at that time, at six oclock last night, from six to ten What were you doing at 9 last night? 你昨晚九点在干什么? When he came in，we were talking about the problem当他进来的时候，我们正在讨论这个问题。 My father was working in the study the whole morning 我父亲整个早上都在书房工作。（2）与一般过去时连用过去进行时常与一般过去时连用。when引导的从句表示一个短暂的时间点，谓语用一般过去时，表示某个时间点，某人正在做什么事；例句 while引导的句子表示一段持续的时间，谓语用过去进行时，表示某个时间点，某人同时在做什么事，例句 When I got to the top of the mountain，the sun was shining当我到达山顶的时候，太阳正在高照。 Was she having a shower when you left home?你离家的时候她是不是在洗澡? While I was waiting for you，I saw a car accident我在等你的时候，看见了一场车祸。 Laura was making coffee while Peter was washing his car in the garage劳拉在烧咖啡而彼得在车库洗车。另外when引导的从句放在主句后面时，常常表示“正好此时”， “突然” 的意思。 I was doing my homework when it began to rain.三、过去进行时与一般过去时比较过去进行时表示在过去某个特定时间内正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性；一般过去时表示过去曾经发生过某事，是个单纯的过去事件，一个结束了动作。 My brother was downloading some music yesterday afternoon.我弟弟昨天下午在下载一些音乐。（昨天下午一直在下载，可能仍没结束） My brother downloaded some music yesterday afternoon.我弟弟昨天下午下载了一些音乐。（已下载完了） The football players were walking out of the rest room when I arrived.当我到达的时候，足球运动员正从休息室里走出来。（强调动作当时正在持续） The football players walked out of the rest room when I arrived.当我到达的时候，足球运动员正从休息室里走出来。（动作已经结束）(1)用括号的动词过去式填空1.I _(travel) to Beijing by air last summer.2.My good friend _(give) me a nice birthday present last week.3.My mother _(be) born in Shanghai 30 years ago.4.They _(not borrow) any books from the library yesterday.5. -_(be) you in Guangzhou last week? - Yes, I _(be).6. - Where _(do) you _(work) three years ago? - I _at the village school. (work) (2) 句型转换 按要求变换句型，每格只准填一个单词。1. It was Womens Day yesterday. （就划线部分提问） _ _ _it yesterday ?2. My grandpa stayed there for twenty years. （就划线部分提问） _ _ _ he _there?3.Annie lived with her parents. （就划线部分提问） _ _Annie _with?4. He often walked to school last year. （改为同义句） He often _to school _ _last year.（3） 用所给动词的正确形式填空（一般过去时，过去进行时，现在进行时，一般现在时）1.The train _(reach) the station and Paula _(get) off. Two friends of hers _(wait) to meet her2. What_Jack_(do) when the phone _(ring)?3._you_(watch) TV at eight yester