北外初级翻译资格证书样题及答案.doc

北外英语翻译资格证书考试Certificate of English Translation and Interpreting初级笔译考试时间：180分钟Part 1Translation from English into Chinese 1 hour 30 minutesl Read the following two passages.l Translate them into Chinese.l Write your answers on this paper.l You may use the additional paper for any rough work but you must copy your answers onto this paper. Passage 1Head injuries Alice was a B-plus student through her first three years at college. During the winter holidays in her senior year, while she was driving during a storm, her car ran off the road and hit a tree. Alice banged her head on the steering wheel but never lost consciousness. She was treated for bruises and discharged from the hospital within a day.But, back at her studies, she began to have difficulties. Suddenly her As and Bs were becoming Cs. She had trouble remembering what shed read and was irritable and easily distracted.Alice was referred to a neuropsychologist for further examination. Although her IQ hadnt changed and standard neurological tests were normal, detailed neuropsychological tests showed she was having memory problems. She could still process new information, but it took longer than before and she became “overloaded” if she tried to do too much at once.Head injuries are often fatal, or of sufficient severity to require the hospitalization of victims. But there is a large group of people who sustain head injuries which can go undetected through ordinary medical examination. These are the people who seemingly recover from their injuries but still suffer subtle intellectual and behavioural effects that may seriously impair their ability to work and interact normally with other people. They are the victims of what experts call a “silent epidemic”. Some never lost consciousness and others never even suffered a direct blow to the head, yet brain damage occurred.Passage 2My fight against junk e-mailFiltering junk e-mail can be a tricky game of cat and mouse, as I learned when I set out to purge my In Box.I received an e-mail the other day that gave me a moments pause. “Hey cutie, How are you?” It began. “Im so sorry about last night, click here for a SUPRIXE to make you feel better.” I was suspicious for three reasons: my girlfriend never misspells like that, we had not had a row the previous night, and I was pretty sure she had not suddenly acquired an Australian e-mail address. At least one part of the message was accurate: if she ever pointed me to a website as sexy as that one, Id be very surprised indeed.The cutie incident represented a setback in my war against junk e-mail. I used to get hundreds of these things a day, and some months ago, I vowed to rid my In Box permanently of every last one. What I soon learned was that most e-mail software cant eradicate the junk without throwing babies with the bath water. Microsoft Outlook, for example, can trash any mail not sent directly to your address. But that ends up junking a lot of useful stuff such as discussions on my journalism, school alumni e-mail list. AOL can turn away mail from anyone not flagged as a friend, but part of my job is to accept correspondence from strangers like you, dear reader.Part 2Translation from Chinese into English 1 hour 30 minutesl Read the following two passages.l Translate them into English.l Write your answers on this paper. l You may use the additional paper for any rough work but you must copy your answers onto this paper. Passage 1我 为 乘 客 服 务有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一个女乘客：“您下车吗?”女乘客没理他。“你下车吗?”他又问了一遍。女乘客还是没理他。“下车吗?”他耐不住了，放大声问。那女乘客依然没反应。“你是聋子，还是哑巴?”他急了，捅了一下那位女乘客。女乘客这时也急了，瞪起了一双眼睛，回手给了男乘客一拳。见此情景，我猛然想起在60路沿线上有家福利工厂，女乘客可能就是个聋哑人，听不见声音。我赶忙向男乘客作了解释，又用纸条写了一句话，举到女乘客的眼前：“对不起！他要下车。他问了您好几声，您是不是没听见?”女乘客点了点头，把道让开了。从此以后，我就特别注意聋哑人的特征，还从他们那里学会了一些常用的手语。这样，不仅我能更好地为他们服务，与他们进行感情交流，也减少了一些他们与其他乘客的误会和纠纷。Passage 2知 识 创 新中国是发展中国家，在掌握、应用科学技术和现代知识方面虽有很大进步，但是与发达国家相比，还是有明显的差距。为此，中国确定了“科教兴国”的战略，正在加快科技进步和知识更新的步伐，以便尽快缩小与发达国家的差距。知识的生命力在于创新，只有不断地创造出新的知识和技术，才能触发新的产业革命，才能推动经济社会的快速发展。在新的世纪里，人才、文化、教育、经济和社会管理等因素在经济和社会发展中的作用日趋重要。只有在理论、科技方面不断进行改革创新，不断有新的创造和突破，才能为经济和社会发展注入新的生机和活力，才能有效地挖掘、组合、利用人力资源和自然资源，从而创造较多的物质财富和精神财富，造福于人类社会。翻译资格证书考试样题选登参 考 答 案第一部分：英译汉（初级）共两篇短文Passage 1 参考译文-牛国崎翻译头 部 损 伤Head injuries 大学头三年里，爱丽丝的学分是B+。在她高年级的寒假里，当他在暴风中开车时，她的车滑到路边，撞到了树上，爱丽丝的头撞在方向盘上，但并没有失去知觉，她在医院治疗了擦伤后，当天就出院了。但是，重新回到她的学业时，她就开始有了问题，她的A级和B级的学分一下子就变成了C级。她难以记住所学内容，易怒而且思想极易分散。爱丽丝被介绍到一名神经生理医生那里进行进一步的检查，虽然她的智商并未改变，而且标准的神经测试结果也属正常，但是详细的神经生理学测试结果表明她存在着记忆障碍。她仍然可以处理新的信息，但是所花的时间要比以前长，并且她会觉得“超载”，如果她试图一次记忆太多东西的话。 头部损伤经常是致命的，或者常常十分严重而需要对受害者进行住院治疗。但也有相当大的一群人，他们遭受了头部伤害，而在进行常规的医疗检查中却查不出来。表面上看来，这些人已经从他们的损伤中痊愈，但却仍然忍受着不易觉察的智力和行为方面的负面影响，而这些负面影响可以严重地妨碍她们的工作能力以及他们和别人正常交往的能力。他们就是专家们所说的“沉默流行病”的受害者。一些人从未失去知觉，而另一些人甚至从未遭受过头部的直接撞击，然而头部损害却发生了。翻译资格证书考试样题选登Passage 2 参考译文-牛国崎翻译我对付拉圾邮件的努力My fight against junk e-mail 过滤拉圾邮件就像是猫抓老鼠一样是一项颇费心机的游戏，这是我着手清理我的邮箱时所了解到的。我收到一份电子邮件，它让我愣了一下。“嘿，宝贝，你好吗？”它开始写到。“我很抱歉咋晚的事，点击这里就可以得到一份“SUPRIXE(惊喜)”，这样你会觉得好受些。” 我在三方面表示怀疑：一是我的女友从来不会犯这样的拼写错误，二来我们前一天夜里并没有发生争吵，三是我非常肯定她不会突然获得一个澳大利亚的电子邮箱。这份信息至少有一点是准确的：如果我的女友真的会把我引向这样色情的一个网站，我的确会很吃惊的。这次宝贝事件表明，我在对付拉圾邮件这场战争中遇到了挫折。以往我一天要收到数百份类似的邮件，而且几个月以前，我就发誓要把每一份最后的拉圾邮件从我的邮箱中永久地清除掉。我很快就明白的是，大多数电子邮箱的软件在清除邮箱时也会把有用的东西删除掉，就像是倒洗澡水时把孩子也一块泼出去一样。Microsoft Outlook，比如说，就可以把不是直接发给你本人地址的任何邮件清除掉，但是这样做的结果是，它会清除掉许多有用的材料，如新闻方面的讨论，校友电子邮箱名录。AOL可以拒收来自于没有标志为朋友的任何人的邮件，但是我的部分工作就是接收来自于陌生人-像你一类的读者们-的来信。翻译资格证书考试初级第二部分：汉译英（初级）-共两篇短文Passage 1-牛国崎翻译Serve the Customers我为乘客服务One time, at the door of a crowded bus, I heard a gentleman politely asking a lady in front of him: “Are you getting off, please?” The lady ignored him. “Are you getting off?” Asked him again, and he was again ignored. “Getting off?” He lost his patience and shouted. But the lady still remained where she was. “Are you deaf or dumb?” He became furious and pushed the lady on the back. The lady also got angry at this time. Her eyes staring, she turned back and gave the gentleman a blow. At the sight of this, I was suddenly reminded of a welfare factory along the route of Bus No. 60. The lady, possibly deaf, had no hearing. I lost no time to explain to the gentleman, and went on to write something on a slip of paper, showing it to the lady: “Excuse me! This gentleman is to get off. He asked you several times. Could you possibly not have heard of it?” Nodding, the lady made way. Ever since, I have been specially watching the characteristics of the deaf and went on to have learnt some of the commonly used hand gestures from them. With this not only could I serve them better and communicate with them in feelings, but also reduced some of the misunderstandings and disputes between them and other passengers. 翻译资格证书考试初级汉译英部分-牛国崎翻译Passage 2Knowledge Renewal知 识 更 新China, a developing country, still lags far behind compared with developed countries, though it has made great progress in mastering and applying science and technology and modern knowledge. It is because of this that China has established the strategy of “National Prosperity through Science and Education”, and is speeding up the steps of technological advances and knowledge renewal, in order to minimize the gap with the developed countries as early as possible.The vitality of knowledge lies in creation. Only when new knowledge and technology are continuously created, can it spark a new round of industrial revolution and enhance the speedy development of the economy and society. In this new century, such factors as personnel, culture, education, economy and social management, etc. are playing an increasingly important part in the development of the economy and the society. Only when creation and breakthrough are made in theory and technology continuously, can it inject new vitality and dynamics to the development of the economy and society, and effectively excavate, integrate and utilize manpower and natural resources, in order to create more wealth both materially and spiritually and benefit mankind. 下午13：0017：00B实行不定时工作制的员工，在保证完成甲方工作任务情况下，经公司同意,可自行安排工作和休息时间。312打卡制度3.1.2.1公司实行上、下班指纹录入打卡制度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间，实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。3.1.2.2打卡次数：一日两次，即早上上班打卡一次，下午下班打卡一次。3.1.2.3打卡时间：打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间； 3.1.2.4因公外出不能打卡：因公外出不能打卡应填写外勤登记表,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请，如因特殊情况不能事先申请，应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续，否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟（工卡）故障未打卡的员工，上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写未打卡补签申请表，由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况，报部门经理、人力资源部批准后，月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情况考勤由各部门或分公司和项目文员协助人力资源部进行管理。3.1.2.5手工考勤制度3.1.2.6手工考勤制申请：由于工作性质，员工无法正常打卡（如外围人员、出差），可由各部门提出人员名单，经主管副总批准后，报人力资源部审批备案。3.1.2.7参与手工考勤的员工，需由其主管部门的部门考勤员(文员)或部门指定人员进行考勤管理，并于每月26日前向人力资源部递交考勤报表。3.1.2.8参与手工考勤的员工如有请假情况发生，应遵守相关请、休假制度，如实填报相关表单。3.1.2.9 外派员工在外派工作期间的考勤,需在外派公司打卡记录;如遇中途出差,持出差证明,出差期间的考勤在出差地所在公司打卡记录;3.2加班管理3.2.1定义加班是指员工在节假日或公司规定的休息日仍照常工作的情况。A现场管理人员和劳务人员的加班应严格控制，各部门应按月工时标准，合理安排工作班次。部门经理要严格审批员工排班表，保证员工有效工时达到要求。凡是达到月工时标准的，应扣减员工本人的存休或工资；对超出月工时标准的，应说明理由，报主管副总和人力资源部审批。 B因员工月薪工资中的补贴已包括延时工作补贴，所以延时工作在4小时（不含）以下的，不再另计加班工资。因工作需要，一般员工延时工作4小时至8小时可申报加班半天，超过8小时可申报加班1天。对主管(含)以上管理人员，一般情况下延时工作不计加班，因特殊情况经总经理以上领导批准的延时工作，可按以上标准计加班。3.2.2.2员工加班应提前申请，事先填写加班申请表，因无法确定加班工时的，应在本次加班完成后3个工作日内补填加班申请表。加班申请表经部门经理同意，主管副总经理审核报总经理批准后有效。加班申请表必须事前当月内上报有效，如遇特殊情况，也必须在一周内上报至总经理批准。如未履行上述程序，视为乙方自愿加班。3.2.2.3员工加班，也应按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认；有打卡记录但无公司总经理批准的加班，公司不予承认加班。3.2.2.4原则上，参加公司组织的各种培训、集体活动不计加班。3.2.2.5加班工资的补偿：员工在排班休息日的加班，可以以倒休形式安排补休。原则上，员工加班以倒休形式补休的，公司将根据工作需要统一安排在春节前后补休。加班可按1：1的比例冲抵病、事假。3.2.3加班的申请、审批、确认流程3.2.3.1加班申请表在各部门文员处领取，加班统计周期为上月26日至本月25日。3.2.3.2员工加班也要按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认。各部门的考勤员(文员)负责加班申请表的保管及加班申报。员工加班应提前申请，事先填写加班申请表加班前到部门考勤员(文员)处领取加班申请表，加班申请表经项目管理中心或部门经理同意，主管副总审核，总经理签字批准后有效。填写并履行完审批手续后交由部门考勤员(文员)保管。3.2.3.3部门考勤员（文员）负责检查、复核确认考勤记录的真实有效性并在每月27日汇总交人力资源部，逾期未交的加班记录公司不予承认。时光荏苒，白驹过隙，一晃就是四十七年，我们重相聚。那年我们离开学校，年级的毕业典礼，简单而乏味，没有热烈的拥抱告别、没有拍照留影。离开校园时，我班的同学要求班主任到照相馆，一定要留个影。镁光灯一闪，同学们那副稚嫩、那般青春、那股活力模样就定格在毕业照里。如今，经历了风雨的洗礼，岁月的磨砺，我们很多人都已两鬓如霜、褶皱满面，不再有年少时的青春浪漫，也不再有年轻时的蓬勃朝气，但是在我们中间却贮就了一副成熟和稳重，多了一份经世的阅历。岁月如歌，人间沧桑，我们经历了许多许多，许许多多的事情也离我们远去。 金色的学生年代，有太多的感动，有太多的追忆。今天再相聚，我们沿着当年上学所走的路，回母校寻觅青春的足迹。四十七载变迁还是斑驳了痕迹，那教室、那走廊、那礼堂、那操场、那林荫道上，都经历了岁月的洗礼，还有那几棵参天的梧桐树，只能永远记忆在脑海里。校园依旧，物已原非，只有当年学子们的笑声和老师的谆谆教诲仍在耳边响起！真想用画笔描摹出它的绚丽和深意，但却怎么也画不出了童年时代滚铁圈的小伙伴和跳皮筋小女孩的身影；画不出跟自己划三八线的小同学那副严肃样和打小报告的臭屁孩那满脸的诡异；画不出嘟嘴埋怨老师管束太严厉的小脸；画不出那借来你还带有余温的那支钢笔；画不出互相帮助时的纯真友爱；画不出那不用做作业时的惬意；画不出操场上追逐的天真浪漫；画不出对那个令自己心动好久的小女孩略带羞涩的表情！莫怪画笔萎靡，只是里面蕴藏着太多的有趣。这一切都还历历在目，深深地篆刻在脑海里，依然是这样的清晰。 离开学校，迈向社会，我们为追求美好的人生各奔了东西。虽然，我们经历了