英语语法-时态讲义PPT

时态,只要包括狭义的“现在”，都属于“现在”,一.时态的含义1.“时”和“态”的含义现在过去将来过去将来,说话人感兴趣的时间,时,1.一般经常性、一次性（重“事实”）2.进行延续性/紧迫性/未完成性/暂时性（动作的情况）3.完成结束性4.完成进行,“态”在“时”前,态,重“联系”,(1)早开始、未完成、将继续,(2)“时”之前一直在进行,二.各种时态对应的基本形式(以write为例),二.各种时态对应的基本形式(以write为例),变化技巧：1.记住基本形式,2.在基本形式的基础上的演变技巧:“从后往前推，变前不变后”如:,过去将来完成时的被动语态,过去wouldhavebeendone,完成时havebeendone,被动bedone,将来willhavebeendone,过去将来完成wouldhavebeendone时的被动语态,二.各种时态对应的基本形式(以write为例),二.各种时态对应的基本形式(以write为例),3.注意：进行时中,只有一般现在时和过去一般时才有被动语态。,只要包括狭义的“现在”，都属于“现在”,一.时态的含义1.“时”和“态”的含义现在过去将来过去将来,说话人感兴趣的时间,时,1.一般经常性、一次性（重“事实”）2.进行延续性/紧迫性/未完成性/暂时性（动作的情况）3.完成结束性4.完成进行,“态”在“时”前,态,重“联系”,(1)早开始、未完成、将继续,(2)“时”之前一直在进行,2.“时态”就是“时”和“态”的组合,1.情景模拟法-看说话人感兴趣的“时”，结合动词的特点。如：（1）（04北京）Whatsthatterriblenoise?-Theneighbors_foraparty.AhavepreparedBarepreparingCprepareDwillprepare(2)(06全国)Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe_hereanymore.AhasntlivedBdidntliveChadntlivedDdoesntlive,B,D,三.时态的判断方法（先“时”后“态”）,2.“数轴图示”法-看句中两个时间的相对关系。如：（05北京）WhenMarkopenedthedoor,hesawawomanstandingthere.He_herbefore.AneversawBhadneverseenCneverseenDhasneverseen,(1)(06湖南)Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty_,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.AwastobeheldBhasbeenheldCwillbeheldDisbeingheld,neversee?,opened/saw,B,A,weresetting,hold?,(2)（天津）BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we_inEuropefortwoweeks.AshallstayBhavestayedCwillhavestayedDhavebeenstaying,now,stay?,arrive,C,3.特殊句式。如：（1）“Inthepast/last+时间段”常和完成时连用Inthepastfewyears,hehasmadealotoffriends.（2）Itsthefirst/secondtimethat+完成时.ItsthefirsttimethatIhavecomehere.,willdo,do/does,begoingtodo,betodo,beabouttodo,bedoing,用法的区分点,(1)临时性(2)客观的必然(3)与if条件状语从句连用,(1)计划性(2)主观性(3)据某种迹象推测,尤其是天气(4)if条件句中,(1)计划与安排,一般不易更改(2)命中注定,(1)马上发生(2)时间的紧迫性,(1)条件/时间状语从句(2)时刻表中,要干但未干,“将来”的表达法,1.Hewillbesixteennextyear.2.Sorry,Iforgot.Iwilldoitnow.3.Iwillwaitforyouathomeifyoucometomorrow.4.Imgoingtoattendameetingnextweek.5.Look!Itsgoingtorain.Ifyouaregoingtoattendthemeeting,leaverightnow.6.Themeetingistobeheldat3p.m.tomorrow.7.Iwasabouttoleavewhenhesuddenlycamein.8.Hurryup!Heisdying.9.Idontknowwhenhewillgothere.Whenhecomes,tellme.10.Everytwohoursaflight.Nexttakesoffatsix.,1.-Youveleftthelighton.-Oh,soIhave._andturnitoff.（2000全国）A.IllgoB.IvegoneC.IgoD.Imgoing2.-Howareyoutoday?-Oh,I_asillasIdonowforaverylongtime.（2000全国）AdidntfellBwasntfeelingCdontfellDhaventfelt3.ThereportersaidthattheUFO_easttowestwhenhesawit.（2000全国）AwastravellingBtravelledChadbeentravelingDwastotravel.,A,D,A,4.OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon_tohisoldways.（2000北京春季）A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned5.-Youredrinkingtoomuch.-Onlyathome.Noone_mebutyou.（2000北京春季）A.isseeingB.hadseenC.seesD.saw6.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_sorapidly.（01全国）A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange,C,A,A,7.I_ping-pongquitewell,butIhaventhadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.（01全国）A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play8.Visitors_nottotouchtheexhibits.（01全国）A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested9.Themenwillhavetowaitallday_thedoctorworksfaster.（01北京春季）AifB.unlessC.whetherDthat,B,D,D,10.Johnsaidhedbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_wastrue.（01北京春季）AheBthisCwhichDwho11.DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?（01北京春季）Yes,Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileBthemomentCsuddenlyDonce12.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?(01北京春季)A.whereB.whatChowDwhich,C,D,B,13.Youhaventsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?ImsorryI_anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkitsprettyonyou.（02全国）wasntsayingdontsaywontsaydidntsay14.IwonderwhyJenny_usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.(02全国)hasntwrittendoesntwritewontwritehadntwritten15.Thelittlegirl_herheartoutbecauseshe_hertoybearandbelievedshewasntevergoingtofindit.（02北京）A.hadcried;lostB.cried;hadlostC.hascried;haslostD.cries;haslost,A,D,B,16.Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?Ofcourse.Whatisit?I_ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.（02北京）A.hadwonderedB.waswonderingC.wouldwonderD.didwonder17.JohnandIfriendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butweeachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.（02北京春季）A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadbeen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen18.ThisisTedsphoto.Wemisshimalot.Hetryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.（02北京春季）A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling,C,D,B,19.Howaretheteamplaying?Theyreplayingwell,butoneofthemhurt.（02北京春季）A.gotB.getsC.areD.were20.Sorry,Joe,IdidntmeantoDontcallme“Joe”.ImMr.Parkertoyou,andyouforgetit!（03全国卷）AdoBdidntCdidDdont21.Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness.（03全国卷）A.hasgrownB.isgrowingC.GrewD.hadgrown,C,D,A,22.Atthistimetomorrow_overtheAtlantic.（03北京）A.weregoingtoflyB.wellbeflyingC.wellflyD.weretofly23.-_DavidandVicky_married?-Foraboutthreeyears.（03北京）A.HowlongwerebeingB.HowlonghavegotC.HowlonghavebeenD.Howlongdidget24.Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.I_forsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.（03北京）A.hadknownB.KnewC.haveknownD.know,A,C,B,25.Comeandseemewhenever_.(03北京)A.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientC.itisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenient26.Howlongatthisjob?Since1990.（03北京春季）A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed27.Whenwillyoucometoseeme,Dad?Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyouthetrainingcourse.（03北京春季）AwillhavefinishedBwillfinishCarefinishingDfinish,D,C,B,28.-Whatsthatterriblenoise?-Theneighbors_foraparty.(04北京）AhavepreparedBarepreparingCprepareDwillprepare29.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_goingbacktoschool,butshehasntdecidedyet.（04北京）AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsideringCconsideredDisgoingtoconsider30.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_by2006.(04北京)AhasbeencompletedB.hascompletedCwillhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompleted,C,B,B,31.-WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?-Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand_totakeashower.（04天津）AhadstartedBstartedChavestartedDwasstarting32.Thecrazyfanspatientlyfortwohours,andtheywouldwaittillthemoviestararrived.（04重庆）A.werewaitingB.hadbeenwaitingC.hadwaitedD.wouldwait33.SheherhairstyleinherhometownbeforeshecametoChongqingforabetterjob.（04重庆）A.wouldchangeB.haschangedC.changedD.waschanging,D,C,B,34.Morepatients_inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.（04江苏）A.treatedB.havetreatedC.hadbeentreatedD.havebeentreated35.SalesofCDshavegreatlyincreasedsincetheearly1990s,whenpeople_toenjoytheadvantagesofthisnewtechnology.（04江苏）A.beginB.beganC.havebegunD.hadbegun36.Thediscussion_alivewhenaninterestingtopicwasbroughtin.（04浙江）A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.hascomeD.came,B,D,D,37.Becausetheshop_,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.（04浙江）A.hascloseddownB.closeddownC.isclosingdownD.hadcloseddown38.YouwereoutwhenIdroppedinatyourhouse.Oh,I_forafriendfromEnglandattheairport.（04福建）AwaswaitingBhadwaitedCamwaitingDhavewaited39.Thewindowisdirty.Iknow.It_forweeks.（04广西）A.hasntcleanedB.didntcleanC.wasntcleanedD.hasntbeencleaned,D,C,A,40.Turnonthetelevisionoropenamagazineandyou_advertisementsshowinghappyfamilies（04湖南）A.willoftenseeB.oftenseeC.areoftenseeingD.haveoftenseen41.-IhearJanehasgonetotheHolyIslandforherholiday.-Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe_?（04湖南）A.wasleavingB.hadleftC.hasleftD.left42Hekeptlookingather,wonderingwhetherhehersomewhere.（04湖北）AsawBhasseenCseesDhadseen,A,D,D,43GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?No,I.Didtheyhaveabigwedding?（04湖北）AwasnotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvitedChadntbeeninvitedDdidntinvite44ItissaidinthebookthatThomasEdison(1847-1931)theworldleadinginventorforsixtyyears.（04辽宁）AwouldbeBhasbeenChadbeenDwas45.Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945.andtheirpower_increasedenormouslyeversince.（04上海）A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen,D,C,C,46.Thenumberofdeathsformheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyitpeople_toeatmorefruitandvegetables.（04上海）A.persuadeB.willpersuadeC.bepersuadedD.arepersuaded47.Letskeeptothepointorwe_anydecisions.（04全国I）AwillneverreachBhaveneverreachedCneverreachDneverreached48.Mymindwasntonwhathewassaying,soImafraidI_halfofit.（04全国I）AwasmissingBhadmissedCwillmissDmissed,A,D,D,49.-HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?-Ihavenoidea.He_itthismorning.（04全国II）AdidBhascomeCwasdoingDhaddone50.I_younottomovemydictionary-nowIcantfindit.（04全国II）AaskedBaskCwasaskingDhadasked51.Accordingtotheartdealer,thepainting_togoforatleastamilliondollars.（04全国II）AisexpectedBexpectsCexpectedDisexpecting,A,A,C,52.-Thankgoodness,yourehere!What_you?-Trafficjam.（04全国IV）AkeepsBiskeepingChadkeptDkept53.Howcanyoupossiblymissthenews?It_onTValldaylong.（04北京春季）A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe54.Sorrytohaveinterruptedyou.Pleasegoon.WherewasI?You_youdidntlikeyourfathersjob.（04北京春季）A.hadsaidB.saidC.weresayingD.hadbeensaying,D,A,C,55.Iarrivedlate;I_theroadtobesoicy.（04北京春季）A.wouldntexpectB.haventexpectedC.hadntexpectedD.wasntexpecting56.I_whilereadingtheEnglishtextbook.Luckily,myroommatewokemeupintime!（04北京春季）A.hadfallenasleepB.havefallenasleepC.fellasleepD.fallasleep57.Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears,he_usmuchimpression.（04上海春季）A.hadntleftB.didntleaveC.doesntleaveD.hasntleft,C,C,C,58.He_morethat5,000Englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversityattheageof15?(05北京卷)A.haslearnedB.wouldhavelearnedC.learnedD.hadlearned59.Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents_alwayswherethey_today.(05北京卷)A.arent;areB.arent;wereC.werent;areD.werent;were60.Assoonashecomesback,Illtellhimwhen_andseehim.(05北京卷)A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome,A,C,D,61.-Whydidyouleavethatposition?-I_abetterpositionatIBM.(05北京卷)A.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered62.Yearsagowedidntknowthis,butrecentscience_thatpeoplewhodontsleepwellsoongetill.(05广东卷)A.showedB.hasshownC.willshowD.isshowing63.Thepolicemansattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich_placedundertheMinisterscar.(05广东卷)A.hasbeenB.wasbeingC.hadbeenD.wouldbe,D,C,B,64.Whentheoldman_towalkbacktohishouse,thesun_itselfbehindthemountain.（05湖北卷）Astarted;hadalreadyhiddenBhadstarted;hadalreadyhiddenChadstarted;washidingDwasstarting;hid65.Hewashopingtogoabroadbuthisparents_thattheywontsupporthimunlesshecanborrowmoneyfromthebank.（05湖北卷）AweredecidingBHavedecidedCdecidedDwilldecide66.-Ifthetraffichadntbeensoheavy,Icouldhavebeenhackby6oclock.-Whatapity!Tina_heretoseeyou.(05湖南卷)A.isB.wasC.wouldbeD.hasbeen,B,A,B,67.They_ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowwe_itasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.(05江苏卷)hadbeenworking;arestillworkingB.hadworked;werestillworkingC.havebeenworking;haveworkedD.haveworked;arestillworking68.Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.Oh!Ithoughtthey_withoutme.(05江西卷)AwentBaregoingChavegoneDhadgone69.Listentothetwogirlsbythewindow.Whatlanguage_?(05全国卷3)AdidtheyspeakBweretheyspeakingCaretheyspeakingDhavetheybeenspeaking,C,A,D,70.DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?Oh,no,Iforgot.I_hernow.(05全国卷3)AwillbecallingBwillcallCcallDamtocall71.Whatwouldyoudoifit_tomorrow?Wehavetocarryiton,sincewevegoteverythingready.（05全国卷1）ArainBrainsCwillrainDisraining72.Theherosstory_differentlyinthenewspapers.（05全国卷1）AwasreportedBwasreportingCreportsDreported,A,B,B,73.Thecoffeeiswonderful!ItdoesnttastelikeanythingI_before.（05全国卷1）AwashavingBhaveChaveeverhadDhadeverhad74.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool_aroundtostudymedicinelastyear.（05上海卷）A.sentB.weresentC.hadsentD.hadbeensent75.Atlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand_downtoeatourpicniclunch.（05上海卷）A.sittingB.havingsatC.tositD.sat,D,B,C,76.Mybrotherisanactor.He_inseveralfilmssofar.（05浙江卷）AappearsBappearedChasappearedDisappearing77.Areyoustillbusy?Yes,I_mywork,anditwonttakelong.（05浙江卷）AjustfinishBamjustfinishingChavejustfinishedDamjustgoingtofinish78.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_eachyear.（05山东卷）A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway,D,C,C,79.Whatswrongwithyourcoat?JustnowwhenIwantedtogetoffthebus,themannexttome_onit.（05重庆卷）A.satB.hadsatC.hadbeensittingD.wassitting80.Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?Iamgoingtodiecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilm_quiteearly,sowe_tothebookstoreafterthat.（05重庆卷）A.finished;aregoingB.finished;goC.finishes;aregoingD.finishes;go81.Millionsofpoundsworthofdamage