定语从句精ppt课件

.,TheAttributiveClause,Complexsentence复合句：定语从句,.,由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。复合句=主句+从句,Complexsentence复合句：,HesaidthathewasfromJapan.他说他来自日本。（宾语从句）Ilikesingerswhowritetheirownsongs.我喜欢自己写歌的歌手。（定语从句）IttruethatlearningEnglsihisnoteasy.学英语不容易是真的。（主语从句）,.,Attributiveclause:,限制性定语从句restrictive,非限制性定语从句non-restrictive,是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。,和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。,Iwastheonlypersonwhowasinvitedinmyoffice,Jenny,withwhomIplayedtabletennisyesterday,livesinmynextroom.,Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.,ThatisMr.Wang,whosedaughterteachesEnglishatamiddleschool.,注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.,.,Attributiveclause:,定语从句,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。,Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,被定语从句修饰的词,引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词,.,Ihaveanapple.,Anappleisred.,Ihaveanapple,thatisred.,修饰先行词anapple,.,Ilikesomefriends.,Somefriendslikesports.,Ilikefriends,wholikesports.,修饰先行词friends,.,Attributiveclause:,定语从句的引导词,关系代词,关系副词,指人,指物,who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语),that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语),where(地点状语),when(时间状语),why(原因状语),引导词的作用:(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置,.,考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词,1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。,Iwillneverforgetthedays(_Istayedwithyou).,when,_,_,JurassicParkisaboutapark_(averyrichmankeepsdifferentKindsofdinosaurs).,_,_,where,1958wastheyear_(Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm).,_,_,Pleasegivemethereason_(youmadesuchagreatsuccess).,_,_,when,why,Morningisthebesttime_(youpractisereadingaloud).,_,_,when,Doyourememberthelake_(youfirstmetyourgirlfriend.）,_,_,where,.,2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。,考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词,Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse_(thegreatwriterusedtolive).,_,_,where,inwhich,Thehouse_(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.,whichthat,_,_,Luckilynoneofthepeople_(Iknow)werekilledintheearthquake.,whowhomthat,_,_,Myfatherwasbornintheyear_(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout).,_,_,inwhich,when,.,3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。,Kunmingisabeautifulplace_(flowersareseenalltheyearround).,where,October1stistheday_(newChinawasfounded).,when,Thewindow(_wasopenedthismorning)hasbeenbroken.,Whichthat,Themeeting(_willbeheldnextweek)isveryimportant.,Whichthat,考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词,.,考点二：that和which的选择,(1)that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。,当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时，如：a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.,先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时：,Ivereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.,先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。,Thisisthebestbook(that)Iveeverread.,Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.,.,考点二：,先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。,Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.,当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。如：,Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools（that）hehadvisited.,先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。,Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?,当关系代词在从句中作表语时,Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.,.,1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom5.Thereisnodictionary_youcanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat6.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenD.thathavewritten,A,B,B,B,C,A,.,7.Hewrotealettertome,tellingmeeverything_hesawonthewaytotheParis.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where8.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it9.Isthereanything_toyou?A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.whichbelongsD.thatbelong10.Thescientistandhisachievements_youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose11.Whichofthebooks_wereborrowedfromhimisthebest?A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whose,B,A,B,B,C,.,关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。eg.1.Iwontforgetthedatewhen(onwhich)Iwasborn.2.Thisistheroomwhere(inwhich)Ilived.=ThisistheroomwhichIlivedin.3.Idontknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)hehaventcometoday.4.Tomstillremembersthedayswhen(inwhich)theylivedinTianjin.,考点三：关系代词前介词的确定,.,who/that在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ilikeapizzathatisreallydelicious.Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.,R