动词过去分词作定语和表语ppt课件

.,Grammar,PastParticipleUsedasAttributeandPredicative,.,Taskone,Lookatthefollowingstoryandfindtheusageofpastparticiple(“-ed”),.,Story,AboycalledTomwenttothecinemaonenight.Itwasahorrorfilm,buthewasinterestedinit.Sometimeshefeltexcited,sometimeshefeltfrightened.Afterthefilm,thetiredboycamebackhome.Oncehome,theexhaustedboy,.,Keypoints,“-ed”canbeusedas_andbeputbeforeorafterthenounthatitmodifies.eg.tired/exhausted/excitedboyaboycalledTom“ed”canalsobeputafterthelink-verbs(be,feel,become,get,seem)andusedas_.eg.beinterestedinfeelexcited/frightened,attribute,predicative,.,Tasktwo,Canyoufindoutthepositionof“ed”usedasattributefromtheseexamples?injuredfingers一个受伤的手指afingerinjuredintheaccidentspokenEnglish英语口语alanguagespokenbymanypeoplewrittenexercises书面练习abookwrittenbyLuXun,.,Keypoints,Single“-ed”wordisusuallyused_thenounitmodifies.单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。“-ed”phraseisusuallyused_thenounitmodifies.过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。,after,before,.,Taskthree,Pleasefindmoreexamplesinthereadingpassageofeachusage.,.,Attribute,Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedsoontheaffectedpersondied.HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreetthatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.helpordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.,.,Predicative,Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthatpossiblyexplainedhowcholerakilledpeople.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.,.,过去分词作定语和表语总结,.,一、过去分词作定语,1.单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语(preposedattribute)。eg.terrifiedpeople受到惊吓的人们pollutedwater被污染的水acloseddoor关闭的门注意：-ed作前置定语时，有时只有被动意义。eg.spokenEnglish英语口语writtenexercises书面练习,.,一、过去分词作定语,少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳thedevelopedcountries发达国家areturnedstudent一名留学生aretiredteacher一名退休教师,.,一、过去分词作定语,2.过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义。eg.ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。Wellgotovisitthebridgebuilthundredsofyearsago我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywater.他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。,.,一、过去分词作定语,3.过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省略式的定语从句。e.gThebooks,(whichwere)writtenbyLuXun,wereverypopular.Thebridge,(whichwas)builtin1999,isverybeautiful.,.,现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别,现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。boilingwater正在烧(煮沸)的水boiledwater已煮沸的水developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家fallingleaves落叶(正在进行)fallenleaves落叶(已经完成),.,现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别,Theboykillingthedogisherbrother.Theboykilledbythemanisherbrother.,.,考题练练看,1.TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying解析：Afirstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。,.,考题练练看,2.Mostoftheartists_tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited解析：A考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。,.,考题练练看,3.Dontusewords,expressionsorphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known解析：D,.,考题练练看,4.Idontknowthegirl_inthesnowstorm.A.tocatchB.caughtC.catchingD.tobecatching解析：B小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。,.,二、过去分词作表语,1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受或所处的状态。Nowonderhewassoexcited.可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,interested,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied,inspired,surprised,pleased,.,二、过去分词作表语,2.许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：broken,disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost等。,.,过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别,-ed作表语主要表示动作的完成和状态，相当于一个形容词；被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。Theglassisbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.,.,过去分词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别,-ing表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，汉语常翻译为“(某事/物)使人,令人”；-ed含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人的感觉，汉语常译为“(某人)感到”。eg.Whathesaidwasencouraging.Wewereencouragedatwhathesaid.,.,-ed作表语与-ing作表语的区别,此类词常见的有：surprising,surprised;exciting,excited;interesting,interested;astonishing,astonished;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;satisfying,satisfied;inspiring,inspired;pleasing,pleased;tiring,tired;boring,bored.,.,考题练练看,1.Mr.Smith,_ofthe_speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring解析：A。第一空应填tired，来源于系表结构betiredof；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，应填现在分词boring。,.,考题练练看,2.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay解析：C该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysbbythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.,.,考题练练看,3.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he_.A.waslosingB.gotlosingC.grewlostD.gotlost解析：Dgetlost迷路了4.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheleaderofthatcountrygot_.A.killB.killingC.killedD.tobekilled解析：C过去分词表被动,.,考题练练看,5.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain_astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating解析：C。remainseated为系表结构，不具有被动色彩。,.,考题练练看,6.-Imvery_withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.-Mm.Itdoeshavea_smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant解析：D。pleased，满意的；pleasant，令人愉快的。,.,Taskfour,Completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.,seatsreservedfor,waterpollutedby,aroomcrowdedwith,awinnerpleasedwith,.,Taskfour,6.astonishedchildren,7.abrokenvase,8.acloseddoor,9.thetiredaudience,10.atrappedanimal,.,Taskfive,Completethesentencesusingthepastparticiplegiventoyouasthepredicative.1.Hegot_aboutlosingthemoney.2.Thepainterlookedso_afterworkingforawholeday.,tiredblamedinfectedshockedexciteddisappointed,blamed,tired,.,Taskfive,3.Iwas_withhefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.4.Everybodywas_tohearofthedeathofthefamousfilmstar.5.Everybodyisreally_aboutthenewOlympicstadiums(奥运场馆).6.Hiswoundbecame_withanewvirus.,disappointed,shocked,excided,infected,.,用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰物，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。Thegeneralstaredathiminstartledadmiration.将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。,