过去分词作后置定语ppt课件

ThePastParticipleastheAttribute,过去分词作定语，在语态上表被动；在时间上表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。,.,1.过去分词作定语的含义,a.及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意义,abrokencupawoundedsoldier,acupwhichisbroken,asoldierwhowaswounded,.,agrownwomanaretiredofficer,awomanwhohasgrown,aofficerwhohasretired,b.不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完成意义。,B:Yes.Andwehadcannedfish,smokedsausages,cakesmadebyourteacherandfreshapplespickedfromtheorchard.Wealsoplayedalotofgamesthere.B:Indeed,toourdelight,wehelpedalostboytofindhismother.,单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；,过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。,单个过去分词,过去分词短语,2.过去分词作定语位置,已升起的太阳,有组织的旅行,arisensun,anorganizedtrip,单个过去分词和形容词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody等不定代词时,也要放在这些词后面。,nothingreportedsomethingimportantsomethingelse,过去分词作定语的作用相当于定语从句，二者可以转换。,aletterwritteninpencilthebookborrowedbyJack,=aletterwhichwaswritteninpencil,=thebookwhichwasborrowedbyJack,3.过去分词作定语和定语从句的转换,4.形容词性化过去分词作定语,常见的有：amazed,embarrassed,disappointed,excited,encouraged,bored,interested,tired,worried,surprised,satisfied,pleased,moved,frightened等。,The_childrenwereopeningtheirpresents.,A.excitedB.excitingC.exciteD.excites,excited,过去分词与现在分词作定语,1.语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动。,aninspiringspeech,theinspiredaudience,鼓舞人心的演说,受到鼓舞的观众,thefallingleaves,落叶（正往下落的）,落叶（已经落到地面的）,thefallenleaves,2.时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表示的动作”或“没有一定的时间性”,Doyouknowtheboy_(lie)underthebigtree?Heisaleader_(respect)bythepeople.,lying,respected,3.及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作.,theproblemdiscussedyesterdaytheproblembeingdiscussed,已经发生，完成,正在发生,Recentlyasurvey_pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.(2011江苏)A.comparedB.comparingC.comparesD.beingcompared解析：compare的动作是survey发出的，现在分词短语做后置定语。,高考解析,Theability_anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.(2011湖南)A.expressingB.expressedC.toexpressD.tobeexpressed解析：本句意思是：表达观点的能力和这个观点本身一样重要。theabilitytodosth.“做某事的能力”，固定短语，故此处用动词不定式作后置定语。,TsinghuaUniversity,_in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.(2011福建)A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded解析：句中的主语TsinghuaUniversity与found构成逻辑上的被动关系，可选C、D；再根据时间1911年可知found动作已经完成，故用过去分词。此句中过去分词短语作后置定语。,.,1.Theplayers_fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.(湖南2011)A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected2.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps_fromthelibrary.（2010课标全国卷）A.toborrowB.tobeborrowedC.borrowedD.borrowing,.,3.Imcallingtoenquireabouttheposition_inyesterdaysChinaDaily.（北京2010）A.advertisedB.tobeadvertisedC.advertisingD.havingadvertised4.Agreatnumberofstudents_saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.（四川2010）A.toquestionB.tobequestionedC.qu