宾语从句详解及练习PPT课件

宾语从句TheObjectClause,Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾语从句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主句,（复合句）,.,3,宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。,句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句,.,4,通常的引导词有：That，what，which，when，how，if，why，who，whom，howmany，howmuch，whether,一、连词（引导词）1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略,林涛觉得他自己的队伍越来越好了LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.她说她不会参加下周日的运动会。Shesays(that)shewonttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.,.,6,他说他想去照顾他的教授。Hesaid(that)hewouldliketolookafterhisprofessor.他告诉我他明年上大学.Hetoldme(that）hewouldgotocollegethenextyear.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.Hetoldus（that）theywouldhelpusthroughthewholework.,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad，ashamed，proud，pleased，satisfied，confident等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句,对不起，我不知道。Imsorry(that)Idontknow.我们确信我们队会赢这场比赛。Weresure(that)ourteamwillwin.,.,8,我担心他不会通过这场考试。Imafraid(that)hewontpasstheexam.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.,2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略,莉莉想知道是否喜欢那个手提包。Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.让我们想想我们是否能找到关于那个城市的一些信息。Letsseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.,.,10,她问我她是否能借这些书。Sheaskedmeif/whethershecouldborrowthesebooks.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Idontknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.没有人知道他是否会通过考试.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.,3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略,你知道他刚才说了什么吗？Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?我不记得我什么时候到的。Idontrememberwhenwearrived.我不知道他为什么看起来如此悲伤。Idontknowwhyhelookssosad.,.,12,我问他我从那儿可以借到这么多钱。IaskedhimwhereIcouldborrowsomuchmoney.请告诉我，我必须去看谁。Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.你知道飞机什么时候起飞吗？Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOshouldknow.你能告诉我这本书是谁的吗？Couldyoutellmewhosebookitis？,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,你能告诉我们你多久去国外度一次假？Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?,谁能告诉我们会议要持续多久？Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?,你能告诉我们飞到海南要花费多少吗？CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?,.,14,我不知道到电影院有多远。Idontknowhowfaritistothecinema.请告诉我们你们学校有多少学生。Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?你能告诉我们他的弟弟多大了吗？Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?请告诉我们多久你能准备好。Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.,.,15,“it”作形式宾语“it”作形式宾语，代替宾语从句。这是为了保持句子结构平衡。她想当然地认为他儿子会学医的。Shetookitforgrantedthathersonwouldstudymedicine.她澄清了她不对这个事故负责。Shehasmadeitclearthatshewasntresponsiblefortheaccident.我们认为人人遵守交通规则是非常重要的。Wethinkitimportantthateveryoneshouldobeythetrafficregulation。,二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）,我知道他住在那里。Iknowheliveshere.我知道他十年前就住在那里了。Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.我已经听说他明天会来。Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.,2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,我知道谁住在那里。Iknewwholivedhere.我看见她正在跟她妈妈谈话。Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.,.,18,他问道她的父亲明天能回来吗？Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.他说他已经见过她了。Hesaidthathehadseenher.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhewasin.,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。,老师说太阳围绕着地球转动。Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.,三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,.,21,当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?他弟弟问道他何时会去图书馆。Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.,2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?我不知道他想买什么。Idontknowwhathewantstobuy.Idontknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.,.,23,3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?你能告诉我我们将去见谁吗？Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?,4.DoesheknowFrench?我们想知道他是否懂法语。Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFrench.Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.,.,25,5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?他们不确信他们夏天是否会去加拿大。Theyrenotsureif/whethertheywillgotoCanadainsummer.Theyrenotsureif/whetherwilltheygotoCanadainsummer.,DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?,你是否知道他们上周日举办了一次野炊？Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?,3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.,PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.,Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.,1could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,你能告诉我在哪出使我们的票吗？Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?你能告诉我们我们应该往哪个们走？Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?你想知道他什么时候回来吗？Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?,2.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that,她说她她将在桌子上留一个便条。Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.他说他将去照顾那个小孩。Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.,.,30,他问我是否喜欢弹钢琴。HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.你可以去问那边那个人你怎样才能到达车站？Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.,3.如果从句中含有or或ornot时，只能用whether而不用if,你能告诉我那辆车是慢车还是快车？Couldyoutellmewhetherthatsafasttrainornot?你知道他对还不对？Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?,.,32,我不介意他呆不呆在这。Idontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.,Doyouknowif_backnextweek?Ifhe_back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome,4.连词if和when在不同从句中的区别：,C,Idontknowwhenhe_(come).Icantwaithereanymore.Whenhe_(come),wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme?,willcome,comes,.,34,5.连词+宾语从句连词+todo,IdontknowwhatIshalldonext.Idontknowwhattodonext.Shedidntdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Shedidntdecidewhichonetochoose.Pleasetellmewhomyoullgivetheletterto.Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.,1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that,D,A,B,C,5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether,B,A,B,D,1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatday