初中一般过去时--精讲.ppt

一般过去时态,一般过去时态（TheSimplePastTense)介绍,1.定义：一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用。2.谓语动词变化：1.be动词2.行为动词（实义动词）3.时间状语：yesterdaylastnightin1990twodaysago等,返回首页,巧记时态,什么是一般过去时？,动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。,行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。,所有时态都是通过动词变化来表现的,谓语构成,1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式,was,were,had,did,一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外),Iwenttoschoolyesterday.Theywenttoschoolyesterday.,I_12yearsoldthisyear.,我去年11岁.,I_11yearsoldlastyear.,He_inBeijingnow.,他昨天在上海。,He_inShanghaiyesterday.,他现在在北京。,Pleaselookatthesentences,我今年12岁.,am,was,is,was,They_inChinatoday.,他们今天在中国。,They_inJapanyesterday.,他们昨天在日本。,are,were,am/is,was,are,were,每天，早餐我吃鸡蛋和牛奶。,I_eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.,昨天，早餐我吃面条。,I_noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.,他每天都吃水果。,He_fruiteveryday.,昨天他吃了3个苹果。,He_3applesyesterday.,have/has,had,have,has,had,had,Igetupat6:30everymorning.I_upat9:00lastSunday.,Heplaysfootballeveryafternoon.He_basketballyesterdayafternoon.,Hedoeshishomeworkeveryevening.He_somereadinglastnight.,动词原形、第三人称单数,动词过去式,got,played,did,TheydontwatchTVintheevening.They_TVlastnight.,Shedoesntplaybasketballafterschool.She_basketballafterschoolyesterday.,Doyougotoschoolonfooteveryday?_you_toschoolonfootyesterday.,Doeshegotoschoolbybuseveryday?_he_toschoolbybusyesterday?,dont/doesnt,do/does,didnt,did,didntwatch,didntplay,Did,Did,go,go,一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成,规则变化1.一般加ed,2.以e结尾加d,3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.,work,worked,change,changed,prefer,preferred,stop,stopped,规则动词过去式的构成1、一般词尾加-ed。如：staystayedhelp-helpedask-askedlooklookedwatch-watched2、e结尾的只加-d。如：hopehopedlove-loveddance-dancedlivelivedlive-lived3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.如：stopstoppedplan(计划)planneddrop-droppedbeg-begged4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾，y改为i,再加-ed。carry-carriedstudy-studiedhurry-hurried5.不规则变化.(见不规则动词表P148),过去式加-ed的读音1、在清辅音后，读清辅音/t/。worked/kt/helped/pt/passed/st/washed/t/watched/t/2、在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音/d/。played/d/carried/id/answered/d/lived/vd/used/zd/called/ld/3、在/t,d/音后面,读/id/。wanted/tid/needed/did/,finishedenjoyedshoutedmoved,helpedwantedcalledneeded,/t/,/d/,/Id/,/d/,/d/,/t/,/Id/,/Id/,grow-grewknow-knewthrow-threwblow-blewwrite-wrotedrive-droveride-rodeget-gotforget-forgotlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentsay-said*/sed/pay-paidstand-stoodunderstand-understoodlet-letput-putcut-cutread-read*,am,is-wasare-weredo-didgo-wenthave-hadsee-sawcan-couldmay-mightdig-dugeat-atefind-foundmake-madehear-heardrun-rantake-tookhold-heldspeak-spokeleave-left,keep-keptsleep-sleptsweep-swepttell-toldsell-soldbegin-begansing-sangsit-satswim-swamring-ranggive-gavebring-broughtbuy-boughtthink-thoughtteach-taughtcatch-caughtcome-camebecome-became,不规则动词的过去式,巧记不规则动词过去式1.中间去e，末尾加t如：keepkept，feelfelt，sleepslept，sweepswept2.结尾d变t如：buildbuilt，lendlent，sendsent，spendspent3.遇见i改为a如：ringrang，sitsat，drinkdrank，singsang，swimswam，beginbegan，givegave,4.“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”把i变o如：riderode，drivedrove，writewrote5.“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”ought换上如：thinkthought，buybought，bringbrought，fightfought6.“教书”“抓住”aught切莫忘如：teachtaught，catchcaught7.ow/aw改为ew是新时尚如：knowknew，growgrew，throwthrew，drawdrew8.“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一样如：putput，letlet，readread/red,写出下列动词的过去式：,runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinish,uselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstop,gothinkbehappengivebecomegetrainstaypassanswer,wentthoughtwas/werehappenedgavebecamegotrainedstayedpassedanswered,usedlivedwokekeptsaidcleanedboughtplayedlearnt/edsawreadstopped,ranborrowedgrewwatchedwrotesmiledopenedbeganswamcarriedstudiedfinished,三、一般过去时基本用法,1.表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态LiuJiegotupat7:10thismorning.Hewasastudentthreeyearsago.2表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。ZhangYuanalwayswenttoschoolbybikelastyear.3表示已故人所做的事情。LeiFenghelpedlotsofpeopleinhislife.(雷锋一生帮助了许多人。)4.表示过去所发生的一系列动作，用一般过去时。MissLiugotupatsevenoclockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.,四、一般过去常用时间状语一般过去时一般都有明显的时间状语，它们可以是单词/短语或从句。1.yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening，thedaybeforeyesterday等；2.lastnight(week，month，winter,year,Monday,Tuesday)等；3.“时间段+ago”：amoment/twodays/ashorttimeago,anhourago等；4.由“介词+一时间名词”短语：onFriday,onMondaymorning,onApril15,onthenightofOct.1,in1998，5.频度副词：often,always,但是句中必须有lastyear等修饰；6.其它：then,justnow,once,以及由after或before构成的介词短语等7.由某些表示过去时态的从句等。e.g.Igotupatfiveyesterday,butIdidntgetupsoearlythismorning.DidhewatchTVlastnight?IwasinGradeOnelastyear.,1.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryears,ago,用于一般过去时的时间状语,last,timenightweekmonthtermMonday,yesterday,morningafternoonevening,thedaybeforeyesterday,2.与last连用,3.与yesterday连用：,4.与one连用：,one,morningeveningdayMondayafternoon,5.与that连用：,that,morningwinterdayyear,justnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime,6.其他时间状语：,1。肯定句：主语+行为动词过去式主语+be动词过去式(was/were)e.g.Weplayedfootballyesterday.Iwasintheofficelastnight.,一般过去时的肯定句,行为动词一般过去时的否定式,一般过去时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词didnot(didnt).,主语+didnt+动词原形,I_themthenews.,I_(tell)themthenewsyesterday.,didnttell,told,行为动词一般过去时的疑问式,一般过去时的一般疑问式在句首加助动词did,Did+主语+动词原形？,They_(finish)theirworkatfour.一般疑问句:,_they_theirworkatfour?Yes,they_.No,they_.,finished,Did,finish,did,didnt,行为动词一般过去时的疑问式,一般过去时的特殊疑问式,疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？,Theyfinishedtheirworkatfour.,A,B,对划线部分提问A:B:,Whatdidtheydoatfour?,Whendidtheyfinishtheirwork?,T,注意,1.外加助动词did后,动词须返回原形。,Didhewenttoschoolyesterday?Didhegotoschoolyesterday?,F,2.简略回答用助动词did/didnt代替行为动词。,Didhefindtheboyyesterday?Yes,hedid.No,hedidnot(didnt).,1.look2.live3.stop4.go5.hope6.trip7.call8.eat9.want10.are,11.go12.have13.do14.gete16.say17.see18.put19.read20.take,looked,lived,stopped,went,hoped,tripped,called,ate,wanted,were,went,has,did,got,came,said,saw,put,read,took,写出下列动词的过去式,21.buy22.sing23.hear24.make25.find26.break27.think28.fall29.write30.be,bought,made,found,broke,thought,fell,wrote,was/were,sang,heard,I.改错题HowisJaneyesterday?_Hegetstoschoolatsixyesterday._Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth._Icanflykitessevenyearsago._Didyousawhimjustnow._TomwasntwatchTVlastnight._Ididmyhomeworklater.