初中英语现在完成时态-详细讲解及其练习ppt课件

.,现在完成时态,详细讲解及其练习,.,一、现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常用的时间状语有manytimes，just，yet，ever，never，just，already，sofar,bynow等。IhavealreadywatchedtheTVplay.我已经看过这部电视剧了。（现在我对它不感兴趣了）Haveyoufoundyourlostpenyet?No,Ihaventfoundityet.（我很着急）表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去。用于延续性动词，常常与sofar、for或者since短语连用。since+时间点/从句，for+时间段，如fortwomonths等。,.,二、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别1）现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；2）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949，yesterday，lastweek等的状语连用，并且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时。,.,三、在“itisfirst/second.timethat.。”或在“it/this/thatisthe+最高级+名词+that.。”结构中，that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it+be.+since从句”这一结构中，be可用一般现在时或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：Ihaventseenhimfortwoyears.但是，像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。,.,归纳总结:由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换,arrivebeherediebedeadbegin(start)beoncomebackbebackfallill(sick,asleep)beill(sick,asleep)leavebeawaygetupbeupfinishbeoveropenbeopenclosebeclosedborrowkeepbeonbein或beamemberofgotoschoolbeastudentbuyhavecatch(acold)have(acold)begintostudystudygettoknowknowcometoworkwork等如：Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.他参军三年了。Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.他父亲去世二年了。Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.电影已开始十分钟了。WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我们（开始）学英语已三年了。,.,注意事项,（1）havebeen(to)与havegone(to)的区别：havebeen(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；havegone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once,never,severaltimes等连用，后者则不能。HehasbeentoBeijing.他去过北京（已经回来了）HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了。（还没有回来）have/hasbeenin待在某地如：TheyhavebeeninBeijing.他们呆在北京。（2）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：Ihaventleftheresince1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。,.,现在完成时态练习题,现在完成时态练习题一选择填空。()2.Herfather_in1990andherhusband_formorethanfiveyears.(A)died,dead(B)hasdied,dead(C)died,hasbeendead(D)hasdied,hasdied()3.Ihave_thisnicewatchfortwoyears.(A)had(B)bought(C)borrowed(D)lend()4.He_hishomefortenyears.(A)hasleft(B)leftfrom(C)hasbeenawayfrom(D)wasawayfrom()5.He_aleaguememberforthreeyears(A)is(B)hasbeen(C)hasbecome(D)havebecome()6.Lihuasbrotherhas_fortwoyears(A)joinedthearmy(C)becomeasoldier(B)beenanarmy(D)beeninthearmy()7.Hehasnt_Quanzhoueversinceheleftschool(A)left(B)beenaway(C)been(D)away,.,()8.Haveyou_learnedEnglish?Yes,Ive_learnedalot.(A)never,ever(B)ever,never(C)ever,already(D)already.ever()9.Haveyoufinishedyourhomework_?Yes,Ive_donethat.(A)yet,already(B)already,yet(C)ever,never(D)still,just()10.Johnsfather_borrowedsomepictures(A)hasjust(B)haveever(C)hasyet(D)havealready,.,二选择填空()1.HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkYes,Iitlastnight(A)finish(B)finished(C)havefinished(D)willfinish()2._youever_toNanjingYes,I_therelastyear.(A)Havegone,havegone(B)Didgo,went(C)Havebeen,went(D)Didgo,has,been)()3.When_you_LucyinNewYork?I_herfortwoyears(A)didmeet,haventseen(B)didmeet,dontsee(C)havemet,haventseen()4.He_finishedhishomeworkyet.(A)didnt(B)havent(C)hasnt(D)doesnthave()5.Haveyou_traveledtoQuanzhou?Yes,Ihave.(A)just(B)yetC)never(D)ever()6.HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkNot_(A)ever(B)already.(C)yet(D)just.()7Wehaventfinishedourhomework，_.(A)already(B)ever(C)yet(D)never,.,三用since和for填空（一）1)_twoyears_twoyearsago2)_lastmonth3)_yesterday4)_anhourago5)_shelefthere6)_4oclock8)_19999)_4hours10)_lunchtime（二）1.HehaslivedinNanjing_theyearbeforelast.2.Iveknownhim_wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity_abouttenyears.5.Itsabouttenyears_sheleftthecity.,.,四单项选择题()1.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory_2years.（A）about(B)for(C)in(D)since（)2.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_(A)sincethreeyearsago(B)intwoyearstime(C)forthreeyears(D)threeyearsago3.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,_?A.sotheyB.donttheyC.havetheyD.haventthey4.WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago,sowe_hereforthreeyears.A.havebeentoB.havebeeninC.havebeenD.havegone5.-Howlong_you_yourdictionary?-Abouttwomonths.A.did;buyB.have;getC.have;hadD.have;bought,.,6.Hetellsmehe_Chinaforoverfiveyears.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasgonetoChina7._hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe_toNanjing?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived8.Hisuncle_formorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstarte