高中英语定语从句详解(终极整理版)ppt课件

WhichoneisHarryPorter?,ThehandsomeboyisHarryPorter.,单词作定语,WhichoneisHarryPorter?,Theboy_isHarryPorter.,whoiswearingglasses,.,3,定语,ThehandsomeboyisHarryPorter.,TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorter.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句,单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的_，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的_.,前面,后面,.,4,一个美丽的女孩abeautifulgirl,beautiful,（形容词作前置定语）,一个穿白色衣服的女孩,agirlinwhite,inwhite,（介词短语作后置定语）,一个正唱歌的女孩,agirlissinging,who,issinging,（定语从句，agirl为先行词）,定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。名（代）词称为中心词。形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，翻译成“的”。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。,.,5,TheAttributiveClause,定语从句,TheAttributiveclause定语从句,在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。,HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,.,7,先行词,引导词(关系词）,从句,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,（被修饰的名词或代词）,（跟在先行词后，引导从句的词）,修饰先行词的句子,定语从句分析结构：先行词+引导词+从句,HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,which,who,whom,whose,that,where,when，why,.,9,定语从句：,由一个句子充当定语,从句的位置：,在名词或代词后,先行词：被定语从句修饰的词,引导词：,引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词,引导词的作用:(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置,.,10,做题一般步骤：,.,11,步骤二,步骤三,Thegirl做主语=who,步骤一,先行词thegirl，带入从句,Thegirllikessinging.,Sheisthegirl_likessinging.,who,.,12,二、用法:,先行词是人,whowhomwhosethatwhich,先行词是物,引导定语从句的关系代词,.,13,.,14,1.连接主句与从句，引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分(主、宾、定语)。,关系词的三个作用:,注意：关系词的选用由先行词在定语从句中所充当的句子成分决定。,1.Sheisthegirl_canspeakEnglishfluently.2.Ilikethebook_youboughtyesterday.3.Thegirl_ImetisLucy.4.Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledTom.,请填写适当的关系词,who,which/that,whom,whose,(主语),(宾语),(宾语),(定语),.,15,Haveatry,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.(),主语宾语定语宾语,.,16,1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.,who作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,Themanisaworker.,Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,分解,作主语,.,17,whom作定语从句的宾语(可省略),Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.,Thewomanisateacher.,Theywantedtovisitthewoman.,分解,作宾语,.,18,that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.,Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,.,19,whose作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).,Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.,分解,Iknowthegirl.,Thegirlsmotherisateacher.,作定语,Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.,.,20,2.which,that的用法,which作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.,Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.,作主语,作宾语，可省略,.,21,3.只能用that的情况,序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时,TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.,ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.,.,22,everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时,Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.,先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。,Ivereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.,.,23,先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,主句已有who或which时,Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday,.,24,当先行词既有人又有物时。,Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.,.,25,4.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用which,Thisistheboywithwhomshetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.,.,26,（一）引导定语从句的关系代词,.,27,when,where,why,（二）引导定语从句的关系副词,.,28,1.ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.2.IrememberthedaywhenIfirstmethim.3.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouliedtome?,.,29,关系副词,When=on(in,during)which,where=on(in,infrontof)which,Why=forwhich,（三）关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代,.,30,when,when可用in/on/at/during+which代替,1.Istillremembertheday.2.Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.,when,which,.,31,where,where可用in/on/at/to+which代替1.Thedictionaryistheonlyplace.2.Successcomesbeforeworkinthedictionary.Thedictionaryistheonlyplaceinwhichsuccesscomesbeforework.只有(努力)工作才会有成功.字面意思是:只有在字典里,成功才出现在工作前面.,where,which.,.,32,ABC1.Americaisthecountry.2.Iwasborninthecountry.,AmericaisthecountryinwhichIwasborn.,which.,where,BBC,BeijingisthecityinwhichIwasborn.,where,=AmericanbornChinese,=BeijingbornChinese,.,33,why,why可用for+which代替,1.Thisisthereason.2.Iwaslateforschoolforthisreason.,which.,ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool.,why,.,34,关系代词和关系副词的区别,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语关系副词在定语从句中作状语,.,35,如何选用定语从句的关系词,1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。,.,36,Haveyougotit?,.,37,由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语宾语,1、Doyouknowtheman_istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys_theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those_wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom,选择题,.,38,4.Thegentleman_youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor_youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.Theteacherfor_youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that,由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语,.,39,7.Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents_native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy_compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that,由Whose引导的定语从句,在句中做定语,.,40,10、Hepreferstoeattherice_inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife_Icuttheapplewithcantbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what12、Theroomin_therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which13、Thisisthepen_heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when,由Which引导的定语从句，在句中做主语宾语,.,41,14.All_isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that,先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导.,.,42,16.Itsthemostboringfilm_Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose17.Thisisthefirstcar_arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that,先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导.,.,43,18.Iknowallpeople_arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose19.Thereisnowater_isneededbadly.A.whichB.whoC.that20.Pleasetakeanyseat_isfree.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich,先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时只能用that引导,.,44,21.Thatistheverybook_Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which22.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything_heowns.A.whoB.thatC.which,先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导,.,45,23.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks_werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which,先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导,.,46,24.Whoistheworker_tooksomepicturesofthefactory.A.whoB.thatC.which,主句已有who或which时,只能用that引导,.,47,填空题,1.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusi