形容词和副词的比较级与最高级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。,副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.,一、形容词和副词的概念,形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。如:anewbook,twobigtrees等。,二、形容词和副词的用法,形容词放在系动词be、look、get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、smell等之后。如:1.Iamshort.2.Shelooksfine.3.Theyturngreen.,如果形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如:somethinginterestingnothingnew,副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如:1.Sheworkshard.（修饰动词）2.Iamverybusy.（修饰形容词）3.Herunstooquickly.（修饰副词）4.Weplayhappily.（修饰动词）,形容词变副词,（一）在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:careful-carefully;slow-slowly;quick-quickly;quiet-quietly,careful：_,excited：_,quick：_,patient：_,quickly,patiently,carefully,excitedly,（二）以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily,angry：_,busy：_,happy：_,easy：_,angrily,busily,happily,easily,邵杰网校,Practice,careful,carefully,beautiful,beautifully,sad,sadly,邵杰网校,Practice,quick,quickly,slow,slowly,bad,badly,quick,quickly,badly,1原级的用法(1)只能修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,too等。Theoldmanis_walkon.那位老人太累了不能再继续走了。(2)原级常用的句型结构“Av.as形容词/副词原级asB”表示“A和B程度相同”。LucyisasoldasKate.露西和凯特的年龄一样大。,tootiredto,形容词和副词比较等级的用法,邵杰网校,Tomruns_Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。“Av.notas/so形容词/副词原级asB”表示“A不如B”。如：Thisclassroomis_thatone.这间教室不如那间大。Hedoesntwalkasslowlyasyou.他走路不像你那样慢。,asfastas,notas/sobigas,邵杰网校,Isthedressontherightaslongastheoneontheleft?,邵杰网校,Isthevaseontherightastallastheoneontheleft?,邵杰网校,taller,tallest,smaller,smallest,一般情况下直接加”er”或者”est”,nicer,nicest,finer,finest,以“e”结尾的形容词直接加”r”或者“st”,prettier,prettiest,easier,easiest,以辅音字母+“y”结尾的形容词把“y”改“i”加“er”或“est”,slimmer,slimmest,bigger,biggest,重读闭音节并且只有一个辅音字母结尾的形容词双写加“er”或者“est”,morebeautiful,mostbeautiful,部分双音节词或者多音节词直接加“more”或者“most”,lessfarther,leastfarthest,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,funnyhelpfuleasycheerfultidyimportantclosebigwidecleverhealthytiredhotfarlarge,funnierfunniesteasiereasiesttidiertidiestcloserclosestwiderwidesthealthierhealthiesthotterhottestlargerlargest,moremostmoremostmoremostbiggerbiggesterestmoremostfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest,big,bigger,Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看图并理解,Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看图并理解,big,bigger,biggest,fast,Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看图并理解,fast,faster,Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看图并理解,fast,faster,fastest,Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看图并理解,HuiTailangis_(bad)thanXiYangyang.ButXiyangyangismuch_(smart)thanHuiTailang.,worse,smarter,Xiyangyang,HuiTailang,adj.比较级用法,1.在比较级前可用much,even,alittle,alot等来修饰,eg.Nowtheairinourhometownis_thanitwasbefore.A.muchbetterB.moreworseC.morebetterD.muchworst,eg.Heraneven_(happy)atthattime.,morehappily,adj./adv.比较级用法,2.表本身程度变化(越来越):,比较级+and+比较级,eg.1)他的鞋子越来越脏。2)衣服越来越贵。3)她们跳得越来越美。,Hisshoesaredirtieranddirtier.,more+andmore+原级,只用于以“more”构成比较级的词,Clothesaremoreandmoreexpensive.,Theydancemoreandmorebeautifully.,邵杰网校,adj.比较级用法,3.同义句：比较级+thananyother+单数名词=比较级+thantheother+复数名词=最高级+范围,eg.Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.=Springisbetter_seasonoftheyear.=Springisbetter_seasonsoftheyear.,than,any,other,than,the,other,邵杰网校,Heisthetallestinourclass.=Heistallerthananyoneelseinourclass.anyotherstudentinourclass.theotherstudentsinourclass.Nooneelseistallerthanhiminourclass.,4.我们用“Which+比较级，or?”的句型来表示在两者中选择。如：Whichisbigger,thesunorthemoon?,邵杰网校,2020/4/27,邵杰网校,adj.最高级用法,1.三者或以上相比,表示最高程度用“the+最高级”,*最高级后常有介词短语(of/among/in)来表示范围。,adj.最高级也可用ones替代the,邵杰网校,adj./adv.最高级用法,2.oneof+the+最高级+复数名词,表示“最之一”,eg.Thehairclipisoneof_(pretty)amongthoseones.Hewasoneof_(fast)_(swim)ofall.,theprettiest,thefastest,swimmers,邵杰网校,eg.HuangheisshorterthanChangjiang,butlongerthantheotherriversinChina.=Huangheis_riverinChina.,adj./adv.最高级用法,3.thesecond/third/fourth+最高级,表示“第几”,eg.Millieisthethird_(tall)inherclass.,tallest,the,second,longest,邵杰网校,50kg,200kg,400kg,Thefirstboxis_.,Thesecondboxis_thanthefirstone.,Thethirdboxis_ofall.,heavy,heavier,theheaviest,Thefirstbagisverynice.,Thesecondbagis_thanthefirstone.,Thethirdbagis_ofall.,nicer,thenicest,Thefirstkiteisgood.,Thesecondkiteis_thefirstone.,Thethirdkiteis_ofthethree.,betterthan,thebest,BeijingisthebestcityinChina.,WhichcityisthebestinChina,Nanjing,ShanghaiorBeijing?,Beijingisthebestcityofthethreecities.,Moreexamples:1.Maryisclevererthanherlittlesister.2.Thenewbuildingishigherthantheoldone.3.Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.4.KateismorebeautifulthanLilyis.5.SheisfiveyearsolderthanIam.6.Heis2centimeterstallerthanher.7.Thisruleris20centimeterslongerthanthatone.,比较级的用法：than1.汤姆比杰克高.2.这只箱子要比那只箱子大.3.那些苹果比这些大.4.第一个问题很容易,但第二个更容易.,TomistallerthanJack.,Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.,Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.,Thefirstquestionisveryeasy,butthesecondoneiseasier.,(2)数量的比较1.我的笔比你的多.2.我喝的茶比他多.3.他吃的饭比我少.4.一班的学生比二班多.,Ihavemorepensthanyou(do).,Idrinkmoreteathanhe(does).,HehaslessricethanI(do).,TherearemorestudentsinClass1thaninClass2.,形容词最高级的用法(in;of)那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的.今天是一年中最热的一天.他的房间是三个中最干净的一个.上海是中国最大的城市.,Thegirlwithredhairisthetallestinourclass.,Todayisthehottestdayoftheyear.,Hisroomisthecleanestofthethree.,ShanghaiisthelargestinChina.,Maxis_thanMay.Heis_inourclass.(tall)2.Petersflatis_thanAmys.Petersis_ofallthestudents.(close).3.Sandyis_thanMillie.Sheis_ofthethreegirls.(pretty),taller,thetallest,closer,prettier,theprettiest,theclosest,Fillintheblankswiththeproperforms,4.Jackis_thanhisfather.Heis_inhisfamily.(thin)5.Milliespicturesare_thanSimons.Hersare_ofall.(beautiful)6.MilliesEnglishis_thanme.HerEnglishis_inourschool.(good),thinner,morebeautiful,better,thethinnest,themostbeautiful,thebest,Translation,1.Millie的英语比Jenny好.MilliesEnglishisbetterthanJennys.2.我想游泳是最有趣的运动.Ithinkswimmingisthemostinterestingsport.3.上海比镇江大.ShanghaiisbiggerthanZhenjiang.4.他是我们四个中最胖的.Heisthefattestofusfour.,5.黄河是中国第二长河流。,TheYollowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.,双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：,1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。beautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautifulinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingdangerousmoredangerousmostdangerous2、某些单音节形容词，加more,most构成比较级和最高级。gladmoregladmostgladpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedtiredmoretiredmosttiredoften-mor