2020年高三英语第一次模拟考试试题

高三英语第一次模拟考试第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADo you know the toys below? They were once among the most popular toys. 1960 Etch A SketchFrench electrician Andre Cassagnes had the idea of a drawing toy with a joy stick, a glass screen, and aluminum (铝) powder. Using that idea, the Ohio Art Co. launched (推出) the Magic Screen in 1960, and you could erase the picture with a shake of your hands. You can still find the toy today.1964 SuperBallWhat happens when you accidentally create a plastic ball that jumps? The toy company, Wham-O Inc., buys your idea and it ends up selling millions. Thats exactly what happened to Norman Stingley, a chemical engineer who came upon SuperBall. At one time, Wham-O had to produce over 170,000 balls a day to keep up with the demand. Unbelievably, the National Football Game named the Super Bowl game (a well-known American football game) after this jumping ball.1964 G.I. JoeIn 1964, Hasbro toy company created G.I. Joe, a line of action figures designed to represent the 4 branches of the US Armed Forces Action Soldier (Army), Action Sailor (Navy), Action Pilot (Air Force), and the Action Marine (Marine Corps). G.I. Joe was imagined as an excellent military unit devoted to defending citizens freedom against the evil persons. It has attracted the imagination of boys around the world.1965 OperationAn unsteady hand is your downfall (败落的原因) in the game of Operation, which was invented by John Spinello, a student at the University of Illinois. Later, Spinello sold his right to the toy to a well-known toy designer Marvin Glass for a sum of $500. Operation is currently made by Hasbro, with estimated sales of $40 million.1. Which toy has a relationship with the sports event?A.Etch A Sketch.B. SuperBall.C. G.I. Joe.D. Operation.2.Who probably are most interested in G.I. Joe?A.Those fond of arts.B.Those fond of construction.C.Those fond of brave soldiers.D.Those fond of kind doctors.3.If you want to play with Operation successfully, you should _.A.keep your hand stableB.have better teamworkC.get Norman Stingleys guidanceD.have a joy stick and a glass screenBAttention managers: the next time you need to inspire your team creatively, be more attentive to your employees feelings when you deliver negative feedback (反绩).Kim，who worked as a software engineer for Samsung after graduation from college, is familiar with having his creative work picked apart. “I personally hate hearing negative feedback as most people do and I wondered if it really improved my performance, particularly when it came to completing creative tasks.” In two studies, Kim found that negative feedback can help or prevent creativity. What is most important is where the criticism (批评) comes from.When creative professionals or participants received criticism from a boss or a peer, they tended to be less creative in their later work. Interestingly, if a person received negative feedback from an employee of lower rank, they became more creative.It makes sense that employees might feel threatened by criticism from their managers. Supervisors (监督员；管理者）have a lot of power in deciding promotions or pay raises. So negative feedback from a boss mi运it cause career (职业) anxiety. It also stands to reason that feedback from a co-worker might also be received as threatening. We often compete with our peers for the same promotions and chances.What Kim found most surprising was how criticism proved to improve supervisors through lessons learned from negative feedback that came from their followers (employees that they manage).“But we tend to believe we shouldnt criticize the boss，” says Kim. “In reality，most supervisors dont detest negative feedback since they want to learn from it. Another reason is that they are in a natural power position and can deal with the discomfort of negative feedback better.”As for giving suggestions to employees，bosses should point out a followers poor performance or weak points in time. But they should keep their feedback specific to tasks. Explain how the point theyre discussing relates to only their task behavior, not to aspects of the person. Meanwhile, feedback receivers need to worry less when it comes to receiving criticism.4.Whats the motivation behind Kims study?A.To work on his essays for graduation.B.To have a better knowledge of criticism.C.To call for understanding between workers.D.To encourage a culture of criticism in the workplace.5.Whats the main idea of Paragraph 4?A.What typical power supervisors possess.B.What feedback can cause career anxieties.C.How workers can have a good impression on bosses.D.Why certain criticism harms a persons performance.6.What amazed Kim mostly in the study?A.Some people enjoy negative feedback.B.Employees are brave to criticize the boss.C Followers criticism may benefit managers.D.Many bosses sometimes struggle in their work.7.What does the underlined word “detest” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?A.Hate.B. Understand. C. Discuss.D. Provide.CRecently according to a new research，humans have had a link to starches (含淀粉的食物) for up to 120,000 years thats more than 100,000 years longer than weve been able to plant them in the soil during the time of the Ice Ages drawing to an end. The research is part of an ongoing study into the history of Middle Stone Age communities.An international team of scientists identified evidence of prehistoric starch consumption in the Klasies River Cave, in present-day South Africa. Analyzing small, ashy, undisturbed hearths (壁炉）inside the cave, the re-searchers found “pieces of burned starches” ranging from around 120,000 to 65,000 years old. It made them the oldest known examples of starches eaten by humans.The findings do not come as a complete surprise but rather as welcome confirmation of older theories that lacked the related evidence. The lead author Cynthia Larbey said that there had previously only been genetic (基因的) biological evidence to suggest that humans had been eating starch for this long. This new evidence, however, takes us directly to the dinner table, and supports the previous assumption that humans，digestion genes gradually evolved in order to fit into an increased digestion of starch.Co-author Sarah Wurz said, “The starch remains show that these early humans living in the Klasies River Cave could battle against their tough environment and find suitable foods and perhaps medicines. And as much as we all still desire the tubers (块茎），these cave communities were grilling starches such as potatoes on their foot-long hearths. They knew how to balance their diets as well as they could, with fats from local fish and other animals.”As early as the 1990s, some researchers started to study the hearths in the Klasies River Cave. Scientist Hilary Deacon first suggested that these hearths contained burned plants. At the time, the proper methods of examining the remains were not yet available. We now know human beings have always been searching for their desired things.8.When did humans begin to farm starches?A.After the Ice Age.B.After the Middle Stone Age.C.About 20,000 years ago.D.About 100,000 years ago.9.According to the scientists, remains in the Klasies River Cave show thatA.South Africa once had rich soil to grow cropsB.hearths were widespread in early human historyC.early humans possibly drove away animals by fireD.settlers there might have used fire to cook starches10.What was the previous assumption of starches?A.Starch diet promoted food culture.B.Starch diet shaped humans evolution.C.Starches had a variety of functions.D.Starches offered humans rich nutrition.11.What can we learn about the early humans described by Sarah Wurz?A. They were smart and tough.B.They preferred plants to meat.C.They were generally very healthy.D.They got along with each other.DEveryone knows that to help lessen the ongoing climate crisis, we need to plant new trees. A paper recently published in Science predicts that our Earth could support an additional 9,000,000 sq km of forest, potentially hosting 500 billion trees that are able to absorb more than 200 billion tonnes of C2. It would be a serious help.The Earths land is 149,000,000 sq km. According to our study, when we take out glaciers (冰川）and deserts, we are left with 104,000,000 sq km. When we further take out cities, freshwater, forests, etc., we finally get 51,000,000 sq km of arable (适于耕种的）land badly needed to feed 7.5 billion human beings.Very few people are aware of the great complexity of the whole system. “Widespread use at the scale of millions of square kilometers globally of tree-planting and bioenergy crops (用于制造生物能源的农作物）planting,” reads an IPCC report, u could have potentially bad consequences for food security and land degradation (退化).” In other words, more widespread monoculture (单一栽培) and more bioenergy crops could degrade soil.Bioenergy now has a 50 per cent share of the worlds renewable energy consumption, according to expert Fatih Birols words:“as much as wind, solar and all others combined”. Its good news，but not entirely. One reason is that rising ocean levels and deserts spreading are taking away more arable land. So we arrive at a tough choice. Should we use our spare soil for agriculture, reforestation or bioenergy?Firstly, when planning to use lots of spare land to grow trees, we should notice that last year, 36,000 sq km of forest was cut down. So wouldnt it be better to start by stopping cutting down forests altogether? Besides, animal farming takes up 77 per cent of the worlds arable land and provides us with 18 per cent of the calories. Shouldnt we globally cut back on meat consumption? Lastly, modem bioenergy, which is made from non-food-crops, is already available. Shouldnt we avoid first-generation biofuels，which are obtained from food crops?12.What does the Science paper predict?A.People will be more active in planting trees.B.The climate change will lessen in the future.C.Large quantities of trees can help handle C02.D.Trees will play a much bigger role in our daily life.13.What are the figures in Paragraph 2 mainly intended to show?A.Humans face a freshwater crisis.B.The Earths land has various functions.C.Forests take up a small part of the Earths land.D.The arable land is hard to feed the worlds population.14.What can be inferred from the IPCC report?A.Planting trees benefits bioenergy crops.B.More land can be used for growing bioenergy crops.C.The condition of plenty of land has been improved.D.Large scale of tree-planting may be a double-edged sword.15.Whats the last paragraph mainly about?A.How to properly use our spare soil.B.How to produce more trees and biofuels.C.Why to protect our environment.D.What to know about our role in nature.第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Social psychologys roots were laid in the late 1800s of Europe. Social psychology became a distinct discipline in the 1920s.16 He was called the “father” of the discipline.17 Social psychology studies peoples attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. It also examines interpersonal interaction, analyzing the way in which someone interacts with other people. It also examines cultural influences like advertisements, books, films, television, and radio.Social psychologists like to use empirical (以实验为依据的）methods to conduct studies in their fields. These methods often involve experiments which can bring up complex ethical (伦理的) problems. One of the most infamous social psychology experiments was the Stanford Prison Experiment. 18 To avoid a repeat of such questionable experiments, social psychologists rely on the efforts of ethics committees to ensure that their work is ethically allowable.The study of social psychology is significant. It can explain how groups make decisions, which social conditions can lead to improper behavior, etc. And social psychologists are constantly learning more about the science behind human interactions. 19If you want to learn more about this field of psychology, you may be able to take an introductory course at a local college in your area. 20 Once you start studying the discipline, try to be devoted to it!A.Or you may give lectures on this field.B.Social psychology deals with a wide range of areas.C.It was shut down at last because it got out of control.D.One of the major influences in the field was Kurt Lewin.E.So social psychology is a discipline thats beneficial to humans.F.Zimbardo is also a very famous social psychologist in the world.G.You can also consult your library for some published texts on the subject.第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Brandon Steiner created the bagel (百吉饼) business at the age of 12. 21, the business wasnt great. Meanwhile, he delivered papers every morning.What his mother said gave Steiner great 22. When delivering papers then, he started 23 each customer a bagel. Within a month he was making his deliveries in a small shopping cart 24 250 papers each day were too much for his bike. Later, the improvement of his business 25 his replacing the small cart with a large one. Steiner made $5.50 an hour by starting 26 at 4:30 am and it was a pretty high income for a kid in the 1970s. This experience is one of his invaluable life 27, which shows his remarkable business 28.He 29 as an incredibly successful entrepreneur who revolutionized the sports memorabilia (纪念品）30 , turning a small firm with “$4,000, a computer and a worker” into Steiner Sports, helping other small related companies to 31 their business. Steiner Sports has spent 25 years building a 32 with more than 2,000 athletes. Steiner Sports is also the 33 producer of collectibles (收藏品)from athletic stars like Derek Jeter and Peyton Manning. Steiner has 34 countless baseballs and football helmets, and signed sports shirts.As one might guess, there are a lot of stories 35 to Steiner. He sold his Steiner Sports to Omnicom Group for a reported $25 million. 36 selling it, Steiner still offers advice to help run the company that was 37 by himself. He has also written some books on his 38. The kid from Brooklyn, who now lives in Scarsdale, NY, 39 so much when growing from a newspaper delivery boy to a (n) 40 entrepreneur and writer.21.A. MoreoverB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Anyway22.A. ambitionB. adaptationC.conclusionD. inspiration23.A. bringingB. findingC.buyingD. passing24.A. thoughB. ifC.sinceD. but25.A. contributed toB. relied on C. figured outD. wrestled with26.A. studyingB. cookingC.exercisingD. working27.A. goalsB.lessonsC. dreamsD. activities28. A. interestB. determination C.talentD. qualification29.A. ended upB. resulted inC. broke outD. took on30.A. cultureB. competitionC. educationD. industry31.A. mindB. practiseC. expandD. manage32.A. scholarship B. ownership C. membership D. relationship33.A. leadingB. privateC.efficientD. foreign34.A. receivedB. exportedC. marketedD.purchased35.A. equalB. relativeC. trueD. similar36. A. On behalf ofB. In consequence of C. On account ofD. In spite of37.A. motivatedB. deservedC. establishedD. remembered38.A. importanceB. experiencesC. perfectionD. differences39.A. struggledB. requiredC. donatedD.shared40.A. well-knownB. easy-goingC. broad-mindedD. kind-hearted第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正 确形式。Havent you always wondered why the beginning and the end of the present school year dont line up with the calendar year? Well, (41) _ answer might surprise you: the school year actually (42) _ (date) back to the time when the farming schedule took precedence over (优先于，比重要）everything else even schooling.Farming can only be done in spring, summer, and fall. Families needed kids5 help, so their schooling took place in the colder months (43) _ nothing could be planted or harvested. Thus kids could help with farm duties during busy seasons.Large (44) _ (city) operated differently. Because people there didnt rely on fanning (45) _ (earn) a living, kids could go to school all year round and take a few short vacations throughout.When education started to become more valuable in society, much (46) _ (strict) rules had to be made so that there would be more uniformity (一致，统一）in the school system. In 1852, Massachusetts became the first state to enact a compulsory public law, making it compulsory (47)_ both rural areas and urban areas to offer schooling. Parents (48)_ (fine) if they didnt send children to schools.(49)_ (short) after Massachusetts enacted the law, a compromise (50)_ (make) between urban and rural school systems let the school year start in the fall so kids could help with fanning during the summer.第三部分 写作（共两节，f满分35 +)第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误 仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多佘的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Barbara is one of my favorite Walmart employee. Take one glance,