英语复合句PPT课件

-,1,英语复合句,复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，其中有一个（或更多）主谓结构充当句子的某一（些）成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。,主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句定语从句状语从句,-,2,宾语从句TheObjectClause,宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，它属于名词性从句。它可以作主句谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词宾语从句有四步曲连接词（也叫引导词）语序：从句的词序用陈述语序（主+谓）时态：主句的时态如果是过去时，从句的时态应以过去时为基础作相应的变化。人称：要根据句中的意义作相应的变化。,-,3,连接词（引导词）,从属连词that，if，whether连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what连接副词when，where，how，why,-,4,1.如果陈述句作从句，连接词用that,在口语和非正式语体中常可省略that。,Weknow(that)therearetwokindsofsports.Motherthought(that)theyshouldhaveatalkwithPatrick.Hedecided(that)hewasnotgoingtosayanythingaboutit.Sheknew(that)theteacherwouldchangethescore.,-,5,2.特殊疑问句作从句，就用原来的特殊疑问词,Whichclassareyouin?TheheadmasteraskedmewhichclassIwasin?Canyoutellmewhichclassyouarein?Hetoldushowhehadgottheinformation.TheywantedtoknowwhowouldbetheirEnglishteachernextterm.,-,6,3.一般疑问句作从句，连词用if或whether在选择疑问句只用whether，记住这一结构：whetherornot。,Idontknowwhether/iftheyhavedecidedonthedateofthemeeting.Iwonderwhether/ifhecancomeontime.NooneknowswhetherthestoriesaboutUFOsaretrueornot.JohnaskedmewhetherIwouldacceptthejobornot.,-,7,时态的变化1.如果从句动作与主句动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时,TheProfessorsaid（that）thestudentswerehavinganexam.Tomtoldme（that）hewaswatchingthefoot-ballmatch.,-,8,2.当从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句要用过去完成时.,Wefound（that）thetrainhadleft.WhenIgottheshop,theshopownersaid（that）theyhadsoldalltheirbread.Hetoldme(that)hehadgotthreefilmtickets.,-,9,3.当从句动作发生在主句动作之后，从句要用过去将来时.,Hesaid（that）theAPECmeetingwouldtakeplacenextweek.Ihavenotdecided(that)whateventsIwouldenterfor.Weallagreed(that)hewouldwintheprizeinthecontest.,-,10,4.当从句表示客观事实或真理时，其时态不受主句谓语的影响,而用一般现在时.,Theteachersaid（that）thesunrisesintheeast.Nowweallknow（that）theearthturnsaroundthesun.Butinthepast,peopledidntknow（that）theearthturnsaroundthesun.,-,11,时态的变动,1.从现在时间推移到过去时间：一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时2.从过去时间推移到过去的过去时间一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时3.从将来时间推移到过去将来时间一般将来时一般过去将来时,-,12,宾语从句及直接引语变为间接引语的用法,注意宾语从句中的各种引导词的用法以及时态的变化；注意用间接引语结构来引用某人的话，这时宾语从句中语序、人称代词要作相应的变化。,-,13,1.时态的变动：,Hesaid，“Imgoinghome.”Hesaid（that）hewasgoinghome.Jacksaid,“Peter，Icametoreturnyouthedictionary.”JacktoldPeter（that）hehadcometoreturnhimthedictionary.,-,14,2.代词的变动:,“Ihavelostmybike,”hesaid.Hesaid(that)hehadlosthisbike.Hesaidtome,“Idontlikeyou.”Hetoldme（that）hedidntlikeme.Theboysaid,“Illcallagainintheafternoon.”Theboysaid(that)hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.,-,15,3.时间状语的变化,nowthentodaythatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweekthenextweekagobefore,-,16,4.指示代词和地点状语作相应的变化,thisthatthesethoseheretherecomego,-,17,使用宾语从句要注意的问题,在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词移到主句谓语上，而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。Idontthinkhehastimetoplayfootballwithyou.我想他没有时间和你踢足球。Idontsupposeitistherushhouryet.我估计现在未到（交通）高峰时间。,-,18,在hope,believe,suppose,guess,think等动词以及“Imafraid”等表达法的后面，可用so代替一个宾语从句，该宾语从句通常是上文提到的一件事。,“Doyouthin