2008年全国职称英语考试真题及答案综合类(B级).doc

2008年全国职称英语考试真题及答案综合类（B级）第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 she found me very dull A dirty B sleepy C lazy D boring 2 The President made a brief visit to Beijing A short B working C formal D secret 3 He was persuaded to give up the idea A mention B accept C consider D drop 4 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day A eats B drinks C buys D produces 5 Mary just told us a very fascinating story A strange B frightening C difficult D interesting 6 Its a gorgeous day anyway A lovely B cold C normal D rainy 7 Her life is becoming more diverse A generous B humorous C varied D romantic 8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the war A broadening B worsening C extending D accelerating 9 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice. A unable B Indecisive C ready D reluctant 10 She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles. A sick B weak C slim D pale 11 With immense relief, I stopped running. A some B enormous C little D extensive 12 The scientists began to accumulate data. A collect B handle C analyze D investigate 13 Jack eventually overtook the last truck A hit B passed C reached D led 14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance A possible B profitable C easy D wise 15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle A fact B mystery C statement D game 第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，其7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择果该句提供的是错误的信息，请选择；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择。 etitions Petitions have long been a part of British political life. Anyone who wanted to change something would get a list of signatures from people who agreed to the idea and either send them to the government or deliver them personally to the Prime Ministers house in London. They are always accepted at the door by one of the PMS officials. What happens then? Nothing much, usually. But petitions have always been thought of as a useful way for those who govern to find out what the people really think. Thats why the UK government launched its e. petition site in November 2006. Instead of physically collecting signatures, all anyone with an idea has to do now is to make a proposal on the government website, and anyone who supports the idea is free to add his or her signature. The petitions soon started to flow in. The idea was for the British people to express their constructive ideas. Many chose instead to express their sense of humor. One petitioner called on Tony Blair to “stop the Deputy Prime Minister eating so much”. Another wanted to expel（驱逐）Scotland from the United Kingdom because Scottish football fans never support England In the World Cup. Other petitioners called on the Prime Minister to abolish the monarchy. Some wanted to give it more power. Some wanted to oppose the United States. Others wanted to leave the European Union. Some wanted to send more troops to lraq and others wanted them all brought home. Some wanted to adopt the euro（欧元）. Others wanted to keep the pound. Yet if some petitions are not serious, others present a direct challenge to government policy. A petition calling on the government to drop plans to charge drivers for using roads has already drawn around l8 million signatures. In response to that, a rival petition has been posted in support of road pricing. And that is also rapidly growing. There are about 60 million people in Britain. So it is understandable that the government wants to find out what people are thinking. But the problem with the e-petition site seems to be that the British people have about 70 million opinions, and want the Prime Minister to hear all of them. Perhaps he could start a petition asking everyone to just shut up for a while. 16 A petition needs to be signed. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 The Prime Minister reads petitions every day. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 A petition has to be mailed to the Prime Ministers house in London. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Petitions have been taken to be one of the ways for the British people to express their ideas. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 No other governments have launched their e-petition sites. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 All petitions are serious. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 It is impossible for the Prime Minister to hear all of the opinions. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题l分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25 段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 A New Citizenship Test 1 Last week, a sample of the new US citizenship（公民身份）exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services（US-CIS）. It will be tried out in 10 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008. Instead of asking how many stripes the US flag has, as the current test does, the new one asks why there are l3 stripes. Instead of having to name the branches of government, an applicant is asked to explain why there are three. 2 The goal is to make it more meaningful.” explains Emilio Gonzalez, director of the USCIS. Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better “understanding and respect” for US civic（公民的）values, Gonzalez says. 3 The US isnt the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a “shared commitment” from immigrants for their adopted countrys “values”. In recent years, in addition to the usual requirement of languagework skills and economic status, several European countries have adopted citizenship tests. Britain introduced a new citizenship test last November. In March, a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would-be immigrants to take a citizenship test. it involved watching a video showing nude（裸体的） women bathing at beaches and gay（同性恋的）men kissing in public. The aim was to ensure that “newcomers will be comfortable with the countrys liberal social mores（风俗）”. 4 Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades. But, today, the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they become hostile to each other. Promoting integration has become a major concern for European countries, after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes（少数民族聚居区）in France and the killing of Dutch public figures by religious extremists. 5 Officials believe that a persons attachment to, a country can be tested by his or her knowledge of the country. However, some critics say that the changes can do little to help people assimilate（同化）themselves. ”Immigration is a culture war today. Is giving a new test the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight?” says Ali Noorani, of the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition（难民辩护联盟）. 23 Paragraph 2 . 24 Paragraph 3 . 25 Paragraph 4 . 26 Paragraph 5 . A Preparation for taking a citizenship test B Citizenship tests in European countries C Importance of promoting integration D Necessity to know the branches of government E Different views on the new citizenship test F Goal of the new citizenship test 27 The questions in the new citizenship test are more difficult . 28 Would-be immigrants to the US are expected . 29 In the Dutch citizenship test, all wouldbe immigrants are required . 30 Some people fear that changes in the citizenship test will do little . A to know a lot more about the county B to watch a video C to help immigrants accept the new culture D to marry American citizens E to do low-skill jobs F to answer 第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇 Political Spins Last week, US White House spokesman Tony Snow sent journalists digging for their dictionaries. He called recent criticism by the former President Bill Clinton “chutzpah”（大胆放肆）. With just one sentence, Snow managed to make headlines, a joke and a defense of President George W. Bush. Interestingly, this is how battles are fought and won in US politics - with carefully-worded one-liners（一行字幕新闻）made for TV which often lack substance and clarity（清晰度）. “The amount of information that candidates attempt to communicate to people is actually getting smaller and smaller,” said Mark Smith, a political science professor at Cedarville University. This has been accompanied by a changing media environment, Smith said. In l968, the average TV or radio soundbite（演讲中的句子或短语）was 48 seconds, according to Smith. In l996, the average soundbite had shrunk To 8 seconds. Thus, politicians wanting publicity try to make their public communication as quotable as possible. Campaigning politicians also use 30-second TV ads and clever campaign slogans to boost their messages. Republican presidential candidate John McCain rides to campaign stops in a bus named the “Straight. Talk Express”. McCain hopes the name will convince voters he plans to tell people the truth - whether its in fashion or not. Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, on the other hand, has chosen the campaign slogan “Let the conversation begin”. She hopes it will help her appear open-minded and friendly. But one-liners, TV ads and campaign slogans all have a single key ingredient：something commonly called political “spin”. Brooks Jackson, a former journalist and the current director of the non-partisan（无党派的）website FactC, calls spin “just a polite word for deception（欺骗）. ” “I do believe that very often politicians believe their own spin,” said Jackson.” Strong partisans suffer from a universal human tendency：They ignore the evidence that would force them into the uncomfortable position of having to change their minds and admit that they were wrong. ” 31 Which statement is NOT true of one 1iners? A They are unclear. B They contain a lot of information. C They lack substance. D They are carefully constructed. 32 What changed from l968 to 1996 ? A Publicity. B Information. C Communication. D The average soundbite. 33 The campaign slogan “StraightTalk Express” aims at convincing voters that the presidential candidate is A honest. B friendly. C open-Minded. D warm-hearted. 34 According to Brooks Jackson, all campaign slogans are A attractive. B impressive. C deceptive. D informative. 35 Which statement best describes strong partisans ? A They are very funny. B They are very healthy. C They are very aggressive. D They are very stubborn（顽固的）. 第二篇 A Tale of Scottish Rural Life Lewis Grassic Gibbons Sunset Song（1932）was voted “the best Scottish novel of all time” by Scotlands reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspens of the lives of Scotlands poor rural farmers. It has been adapted for stage, film, TV and radio in recent decades. The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War l. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it. Grassic Gibbon gives US the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine（女主人公）. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father；experience tragedy（her mothers suicide and murder of her twin children）; and learn about her feelings as she grows into a woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man. But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. 1t is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddies long history, in a language that imitates the places changing patterns of speech and writing. The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows eye, body elses business and nothing is ever forgotten. Sunset Song has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War l. Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris husband, Ewan Tavendale. The war finally kills Ewan, but not in the way his widow is told. In fact, the Germans arent responsible for his death, but his own side. He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle. If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead. It is a “Sunset Song” but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world. Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story. 36 What is Sunset Song mainly about? A The First World War. B The beauty of the sunset. C The new European world. D The lives of rural Scottish farmers. 37 Which statement is NOT true of Chris? A She is the heroine of Sunset Song. B She had a miserable childhood. C She is the creation of a man. D She married only once. 38 What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with? A The climate of Kinraddie. B The history of Kinraddie. C The geography of Kinraddie. D The language spoken in Kinraddie. 39 Who killed Chris husband, Ewan? A His own troops. B The French army C The Germans. . D The Russian soldiers. 40 The word “Sunset” in the title of this novel most probably means A the end of the heroines life. B the end of the story. C the end of the traditional way of life. D the end of the day. 第三篇 Centers of the Great European Cities The centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition. People gather there to drink coffee and chat late into the night. A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting. metropolitan（大都市的）atmosphere. Squares, plazas（广场）and arcades（拱廊）form the heart of Europes cities. Venice in Italy has the Piazza San Marco - a beautiful square surrounded by shops, churches, restaurants and cafes. In Barcelona, Spain, La Bosqueria is a lively market with hundreds of stalls selling all kinds of goods. Londons Covent Garden is filled with fruit and vegetable stalls by day and musicians, acrobats（杂技演员）and artists by night. The government buildings at the center of many cities often are architecturally impressive. In London, they serve as a beautiful backdrop（背景）to the coffee tables that line the streets and the banks of the Thames. These vibrant（有活力的）hearts are the product of centuries of evolution, social historian Joel Garreau told US News and World Report recently. “The reason people think Venice is so great today is you dont see all the mistakes,” said Garreau. “Those have all been removed.” Most European cities were laid out before the invention of the car, so bars, restaurants and cafes were near to peoples homes. Today, the focus of many Europeans life has moved away from the centers. They live in the suburbs and outskirts, driving to supermarkets to get their supplies. But on a continent where people treasure convention there are still those who hold onto traditional ways, living and shopping locally. These people, together with tourists, provide the city centers with their reason for existence. Coffee culture plays a part in keeping these city centers flourishing. This is particularly true of Paris whose citizens are famous enthusiastic conversationalists. This skill is developed over many hours spent chaffing over espressos（浓咖啡）and cigarettes. Religion also plays a role in developing sociable atmosphere. People in Roman Catholic countries used to visit the Church on an almost daily basis. Entire communities would gather in the same building and then move out to the markets, cafs and bars in the surrounding streets. An enormous example of this relationship between church and society is the Duomo. The huge marble cathedral in Florence, Italy is surrounded by bakeries and coffee shops, and caters（迎合）not only to the tourist crowds, but also the local community. 41 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that each big city in Europe A has many large squares. B has many very magnificent sky-scrapers. C draws tourists in large numbers every yean D has a center where tourists meet their spouses. 42 Which statement is NOT true of Covent Garden? A It is crowded with people. B It is located in London. C It is filled with stalls. D It is surrounded by shops, churches, restaurants and cafes. 43 Why do people think that Venice is so great? A Because It is a famous tourist attraction. B Because you can reach anywhere by boat. C Because it is well-known for its merchants. D Because all the mistakes have been removed. 44 What are Parisians famous for ? A Their pursuit of independence. B Their enthusiasm for conversation. C Their ability to keep the city flourishing. D Their devotion to developing a multiple culture. 45 The writer cites the Duomo in the last paragraph as an example to illustrate that A there is a tight link between church and society. B all churches are magnificent. C old churches are very popular. D highrise churches are impressive. 第5部分：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分） 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将 其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌. Rising Tuition in the US Every Spring, US university administrators gather to discuss the next academic years budget. They consider faculty salaries, utility costs for dormitories, new building needs and repairs to old ones.