高一英语必修一unit4定语从句ppt课件

.,TheAttributiveClause定语从句(一),.,简单句基本类型,主谓宾,我们每天学习英语.我喜欢他。他们正在吃饭。小明讨厌猪。,主谓,我们每天都认真学习。他们在工厂工作。她住在中国。,主系表,他是个学生。我感觉不舒服。它闻起来很香。,主谓双宾,他给我一本书。妈妈送了他一支笔。,givesbsthsendsbsth,系动词（be动词，感官动词）常见的系动词有be,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,get,grow,turn,become,stay,seem等,.,Thingschange.Nobodywent.Weneverbeatchildren.Mysisterwillfixeverything.Mr.Turnerisanartist.Shebecamealawyer.Hegavehissisterabook.Illwriteyoualongletter.Ifoundthebookeasy.Illlethimgo.,主谓,主谓,主谓宾,主谓宾,主系表,主谓双宾,主系表,主谓双宾,主谓宾宾补,.,Attribute(定语),1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.4.Sheisabeautifulgirl.,修饰；限定,honest,our,找出下列句中的定语。,beautiful,.,Thepositionsoftheattribute:（定语的位置）,1.Sheisabeautifulgirl.2.Sheisagirlwithlonghair.3.Sheisagirlwhoisbeautiful.,通常情况下，单个词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。,.,在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句（句意：“的”）被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。,HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.,定语从句,先行词,关系代词,关系词,关系副词:wherewhenwhy,定语从句,关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that,.,定语从句的位置,定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。,e.g.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.,先行词,定语从句,关系代词,(antecedent),(relativepronoun),(theattributiveclause),.,Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar.Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.,.,Quiz,Amachinethatcanflyisa_.Ananimalwhichcatchesmiceisa_.Anobjectthatweneedtobuythingswithisthe_.Asoftwarewhichweusetochatwithfriendsonlineisthe_.Amousethathasalargepocketisa_.,plane,kangaroo,QQ,money,cat,.,1.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。,关系词的三个作用:,确定关系代词的步骤1.先找先行词，2.看先行词指的是人还是物。3.看关系词在从句中充当的成分。,.,关系代词的用法,人；物,物,人,人,(人/物)的,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,宾语,定语,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,可省,不可省,.,1.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.2)Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.3)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4)Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.,.,2.that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?2)Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.3)Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.4)YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.,.,3.who指人，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.4.whom指人，作宾语(作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,.,5.whose在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?,.,Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?,HeisthestudentwhosepencilIbrokeyesterday.,.,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。,(1)限制性定语从句中先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,little,some等不定代词指物时。(something用that或which均可)HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.,.,(2)Therebe句型中用that。ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.Thisisthefirsttime(that)IaminBeijing.,.,(4)先行词是who或which引导的主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished?WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?,.,(5)当先行词既有人又有物。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool.Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.(6)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,thelast,just,right等修饰。Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,.,(1)紧跟介词作宾语Therearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.(3)作定语Hemaybelate,inwhichcase,weshouldwaitforhim.,一般用which而不用that的情况。,.,当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。e.g.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom。e.g.Ihaveason,whoisreallylovelyandinteresting.Thereare40studentsintheclass,mostofwhomareboys.,修饰人时关系代词that和who,whom的区分。,.,Beijingisthecity_hasgotthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.,which/that,用合适的关系代词填空。,.,YeXinisanurse_diedinthefightagainstSARS.,who/that,.,Halloweenisaday_isalsocalledtheeveofAllSaintsDay.,which,.,Titanicistheship_sankafterhittinganiceberg.,which/that,.,RoseandJackarethelovers_metontheship.,who,.,Review,本课时涉及的要点是以that,which,who和whose引导的定语从句的用法。通过本课时的学习我们需要了解什么是定语从句并学会选择正确的关系代词。,.,Individualactivity,.,Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_dont.(2006北京)A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/,QuizI:Multiplechoice,.,2.Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepair.(2006福建)A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that3.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.(2007上海春)A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which,.,4.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity_namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.(2009湖南)A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose5.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_Ihadevermetbefore.(2009全国I)A.themB.whoC.whomD.these,.,6.Aperson_e-mailaccountisfullwontbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.(2009天津)A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever7.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_wassomeoneelsesfault.(2010全国II).A.whoB.thatC.asD.what,.,8.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(2010北京)A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that9.Ivebecomegoodfriendwithseveralofthestudentinmyschool_ImeetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.(2010湖南)A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which,.,10.Thenewlybuiltcaf,thewallsof_arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.(2010江苏)A.thatB.itC.whatD.which11.Thatsthenewmachine_partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(2010山东)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what,.,12.Theoldtemple_roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.(2010陕西)A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose13.InChina,thenumberofcitiesincreasing_developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.(2010重庆)A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that,.,14.Theprizewillgotothewriter_storyshowsthemostimagination.(2011全国I)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what15.Youllfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation_youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.(2011上海)A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as,.,1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.,Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.,1Thenurseiskind.2Thenurselooksaftermysister.,Thenursewho/thatlooksaftermysisteriskind.,QuizII:合并下列句子。,.,1Kevinisreadingabook.2Thebookistoodifficultforhim.,Kevinisreadingabookwhich/thatistoodifficultforhim.,1Ihaveafriend.2Helikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,Ihaveafriendwho/thatlikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,.,1Manypeoplewereafraidtoswiminthesea.2TheysawthefilmJaws.,Manypeoplewho/thatsawthefilmJawswereafraidtoswiminthesea.,1Itisaboutabigwhiteshark.2Itattacksswimmers.,Itisaboutabigwhitesharkwhich/thatattacksswimmers.,.,1Iknowthedoctor.2Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.,Iknowthedoctorwhosedaughterstudiesabroad.,1Haveyouseenmybook?2Thebookscoverisred.,Haveyouseenmybookwhosecoverisred?,.,1.昨天我看的那部电影非常令人感动。2.他丢失了他父亲给他的那块手表。3.刚才跟你讲话的那个人是我们的校长。,ThefilmthatIsawyesterdayisverymoving.,Helostthewatchthat/whichhisfathergavehim.,Themanwhotalkedwithyoujustnowisourprincipal.,QuizIII:Translation,(1)中译英,.,4.我捡到的那本书是小王丢失的。5.我们最需要的东西是时间。6.我最喜欢的学科是英语。,Thebookwhich/thatIpickedupistheonethatXiaoWanglost.,Thethingthatweneedbadlyistime.,Thesubjectthat/whichIlikebestisEnglish.,.,7.站在学校门口的那个人是我们的老师。8.你知道那个马尾辫(ponytail)长长的女孩吗？9.我永远忘不了那位教授上星期给我们做的讲座。,Themanwhoisstandingattheschoolgateisourteacher.,Doyouknowthegirlwhoseponytailislong?,Iwillneverforgetthelecturethattheprofessorgaveuslastweek.,.,10.我丢了那本红封面的书。Ilostthebook_.11.你能告诉我你们上星期参观的工厂的名字吗？Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_?12.他就是我正在找的人。Heistheman_.,whosecoverisred,(which/that)youvisitedlastweek,(who/whom/that),Iamlookingfor,.,13.我昨天收到的信是我姑妈寄来的。Theletter_wasfrommyaunt.14.在接下来的年月里，他们拼命工作。Duringtheyears_,theyworkedveryhard.15.那个名叫彼得的男孩是我们的班长。Theboy_isourmonitor.,(which/that)Ireceived,thatfollowed,whosenameisPeter/,whoisnamedPeter,yesterday,.,1.Thenurseiskind.2.Thenurselooksaftermysister.,Thenursewho/thatlooksaftermysisteriskind.,照顾我妹妹的那个护士很友善。,合并下列句子,照顾我妹妹的,.,1.ThegirlisfromAmerica.,2.Icalledherjustnow.,Thegirl(whom/that/who)IcalledjustnowisfromAmerica.,我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。,我刚才叫的,.,他正在看一本名叫飘的书。,名叫飘的,.,Theyretalkingaboutthefilm(which/that)Iveseen.,他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。,我看过的,.,例1.Theman_gaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.,that/who,指人:that/who(主语),.,例2:Theboy_thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.,(who/whom/that),指人:who/whom/that(宾语,可省略),.,例3:Thecar_isredwasdamagedyesterday.,that/which,指物:that/which(主语),.,例4:Thequestion_Idontunderstandisaboutgrammar.,(that/which),指物:that/which(宾语,可省略),.,例5Thebook_coverisredismine.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.that,B,关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用whose,可理解为“的”whose+n.=then.ofwhich/whom,.,Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.,Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.,先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。,2.先行词被all,every,no,some,any,few,little,much等修饰时。,NOTE,一、that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,.,1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanything_youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what,Choosethebestanswers:,3.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that,.,Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,5.当先行词是who,which,或主句是以这些词开头时。,Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?,.,2.Pleasetakethesecondchair_isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that,3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it,1.Whichisthebookyouboughtlastweek?A.whereB.thatC.whoD.which,.,注：先行词有两个，既有人也有物时，也只能用that。Weweretalkingaboutthepeopleandthingsthatwesawinourschool.,.,用which，不用that,1.在非限制定语从句中。2.在介词之后（物用which，人用whom).3.有两个定语从句，其中一个从句关系代词已用了that，另一个宜用which.ThisisthepaperthatIreadeverydayandwhichIfindsointeresting.4.当先行词本身是that.Thepredicateisthatwhichissaidofthesubject.,.,當先行詞是those,she,he,they等代詞時,關係代詞用who.Hewhoknowsothersislearned,andhewhoknowshimselfiswise.知人者智，自知者明。Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人。,.,1.Hedidall/everything_hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisistheverything_Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_isnearesttotheearth.,that,whichorwho?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,.,1)Theman_Isawtoldmetowait.,1.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,whichandthat.,whom/who/that,2)Lookattheboyandhisdog_arecomingthisway.,that,Exercises,.,3)Tomisthefirstboy_lefttheroom.,that,that,4)Hesawahouse_windowswereallbroken.,whose,5)Youcanreadanybook_Ihave.,.,ThisisthelongesttrainwhichIhaveeverseen.,that,2)TheradiowhichIboughtitlastweekhasgonewrong.,去掉it,3)ItwasameetingthatimportanceIdidntrealizeatthattime,whose,Correctthesentences:,.,4)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceofwhosewasveryreasonable.,which,5.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.,that,.,All_weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.what,Exercises:,.,3.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when4.Idontliketheway_youspeaktoher.A