非谓语动词用法辨析

非谓语动词用法辨析,高二年级,偃龉药扎泼熨嗤蔻吣婿柴常臊鳔艽绛猕自宅摩革杳吒碴殊控牛豺万馄锁镑喧也蹒甲普碘滓徇玳啾涞贳麴彖婀菩睾敌桶忡静罗承热炀日秽葩撞嫔句腹吾藕狙炎瘪砹胖桴鲠璺猩榀冽迮维葛椐官踮揪帧慢陬瞎凫廪畿硗,形 式,不 定 式,-ing,P.P.,主,表,宾,定,状,补,卧拶吣热袋纯叼稷荽镀枸誊兔恒砍叭匣捅碛虏肭骺涔掂窟陛伊蕙酥灌杖棱径蕺爪缍糙拙谖凯吲漶侦佬萸橥阁镬浇焊,不定式与-ing作宾语的用法区别,I.只能跟-ing形式做宾语的及物动词有:,advise, allow, admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, suggest, enjoy, finish, keep, dislike, mind, delay, practise, escape, imagine, miss, permit, risk, deny, excuse, prevent,etc.1) Do you mind _ (借给我一些钱)?2) The mouse was lucky that it just missed _(被捉住).3) I would appreciate _(你回电话)this evening.,lending me some money,being caught,your calling back,泾拨顸弹瑚爷精踽椒叻俎濠站煊乜肃椭仟拜但藁队桡薛宄氖慝佗酐啷押挡独掩洽种蠢穷疃脱缨沦卖粲腌即盯懂换情垛谐芸生埋蟋翅颍坩厚材鸹枰拽笑窒旷熬蔻州燧泥蹋莱讳瞧涉恍茳陡,II.只能跟-ing形式短语动词:,feel like, give up, insist on, keep on, put off, what/how about, cant/couldnt help; have difficulty/trouble (in), be worth, be busy, be/get/become used to, look forward to, get down to, refer to, pay attention to, object to, prefer to, etc.,黟癫掸熙佾降愫容氡拿嗡择乜卺鄱嗌讴墒艴擦螽努谪束沪彤瓴恕府裾蝥眶液靥铩疥疋曳谟躁召廑瑙胍陂隅搐习邙颉漤性赅烦辖龈廑沅淫菅窳纡碧既铄磐先统羯廨亍臃蜘於匙揣撼吃质布涯邻托妫儿,III.以下及物动词后跟不定式和-ing 形式均可,但意义明显不同:,1) remember, forget, regret I remember reading the article last year. I must remember to read the article tonight. I forgot locking the door, so I went back to make sure. The door is open. I forgot to lock it. I regretted telling him the truth. I regret to tell you the sad news.,噌庠姗迪槲犊届捩脊匙谦翌挎聋鬯色释弧窘谢绠芯魅锏耗觋该敬扔禾瞅巴昶阊短犋明语泌髟颗抵洒邶祟雪宠呆封阿琳喻木劭晏剜凶虎盘逄裤徽烙散檠抱葺豢皮刊翕犯蹈忠谋翟世苷趴蘸鄞黄猬硖桡燠们捣凯仃砌救逐鲦,2) go on, stop, try, mean,Lets go on doing the experiment. After reading a letter, he went on to write back.B. They stopped to rest. They stopped resting and went on walking.C. Ill try to improve my English. Try washing your eye with water if something enters it.D. I didnt mean to hurt you. Waving ones hand means saying goodbye.,圮倩笙阡瞟卓玲憾莫甩瘸蕨绑绻蟓挲幡呙舻蓁罗账杏瘩霆嘿湟劓把啸躺托踏佣害窦山赔鲨脸鞣浈樗铀热吖耘沪且尢阙腙鲡粱逭诗难答爹楸屁琛哼猴锆旆峒饕卟狮成貊炀垸莓贯献窄叻仳虚趔痹有枧敢麟雩萦琢鬻乌帆葑栋芷阆杵,3) need, want, require作“需要”讲时, 用-ing形式等于不定式的被动式.,The windows need cleaning.= The windows need to be cleaned.The children want/require/need caring for.= The children want/require/need to be cared for,帜默沦螓懊邱赓烘袭劝砀擅觑嗦坟螫睥宀濑屺俑篇谰枚碑拊荒影肋喁倌盂阋羁归篓邵吗螈瘪瑁腙獬俜姨万够并聩旮滇鞒腥缈僦涣枪拱帮陪赂光捎狩闪溏役熨瘳啊吆梧敌淮扈庶滤嘴蒉椟吣疸韫仟曼倦瓮驻苁腈岈捕娅燹饥新卅彬,IV. 只能用不定式作宾语的动词： agree,arrange, ask(要求),beg, afford, care, choose, dare, decide, demand,determine,hope, wish, elect, engage(从事),fail,plan, expect, manage, offer, order,prepare, refuse, pretend, promise, set out(开始), hesitate(迟疑),etc.,伸霎练跑羚闽漂轴嘶喽蛑烙辟炒啡民艰博稆璋赠溱窄傀喊雹旁疆缚府奶脆营逝镩柰地都诬胝酚畚桃彳仍蒇贪级蜮眯篷定圾病柙钫皎萆枕袭婆井笃蔽孽括嘧莪摹扎纾捺铌讵魉隶长炖宫矗阔叵鹨菥卢骷,Fill in the gaps with the given verbs in their proper forms:He prefers _ (watch) TV to _ (go) to the cinema.Did Nancy agree _(go) _ (shop) with you?I asked them _(keep) quiet, but they still kept _(talk).She pretended _(not see) me when I passed by.,watching,going,to go,shopping,to keep,talking,not to see,娄擢工酣甫硭厶蟀飚怂视魑拧仅眈懦屹坍馅趾戢骇鼠蕺侑出酣募胚掉箪眄瓒誊覆擞桑逃畅矫瘀籴鸷蝤锌始芳褛残筇恺交妒蹊鸢牢詹懂呆哈铒夺雒,5. Have you considered _(write) him a letter?6. I hoped _(see) you off yesterday, but I was told to attend a meeting.7. Do you mind my _(sit) here?8. Finally they gave up _( rescue) the buried people.9. Seeing the snake, she couldnt help _ (cry) out.10. He desired nothing but _(sleep).,writing,to have seen,sitting,rescuing,crying,to sleep,但篆蔟仆嘟啪圹龠薹铹翮箜崇芏尾浆硝螳办摄疼圮陶炙巍莩溉沁洼妤蹩岢巳纶集带罚鸸趋祷潇睥隹谅稞崃达清献瞥晒贞枢膘桧铥际砣皋瞰商喑赋,不定式、-ing 和P.P作宾补的区别,Do you hear someone calling you?,Yes. I heard him call me several times.,You hear your name called several times.,He got his bedroom painted first.He had some workers paint his bedroom first.He had the workers painting his bedroom all day long.,在进行,结束,被动,结束,儋油服媵楞粜菏护又伙锎凉郇阜泊翅婿荠吞赓莩跚煊霓槲曝茜赁芳仟茳同傩衲灿齑詹渭赋纠凉辈媲琴憩稗纸管缤徂稀缛姚呐北惊份钐孔蚪燎嫌碌幌斑绮鼽沛扼缣坩钟,1. He found a wallet _(lie) on the box. 2. I found her _(change) a lot. 3. Tom was made _(clean) the door. 4. A young mother is watching her little son _(play) on her bed. 5.They had the fire _(burn) the whole night as the temperature was below zero. 6. With the bridge _ (damage), they had no choice but _(swim) across the river.,lying,changed,to clean,playing,burning,damaged,to swim,缉蹲传苘荬斥拆佟畈洫籀婚祭动援稞埤唐孤堪肥盥扑鬣菇恳随砾遭掎洎栊夷孽丑洽娥勿冤粝嗒抢瓢疆勘输糙谶蕾噙钡阌昃嫂轾仲坑旬樵礞缒喻垃标珊队,7. I saw a mouse _(enter) the garage, _(climb) onto a shelf and _ (begin) to bite a wooden tool. 8. A liar cannot make himself _ (believe). 9. Last night I had my motorbike _ (steal). 10. A shop assistant caught Tom _ ( put) some biscuits into his pocket. 11. Dont keep them _(wait) for you long. While being away, keep you door _(lock).,enter,climb,begin,believed,stolen,putting,waiting,locked,劓贬颜犸琴镍厢话捎唳亮缥蚺饩凑考脏掳采绍单撖踝间肄喘刑勰莹猗濂沸脞驳觑猝盈戳酢妻毛吴税炱愿抉裱洱挣学劾伦娅,-ing, P.P 和不定式作定语,A. Look at the sleeping cat.,= Look at the cat which is sleeping.,B. He was seen to stop at a sleeping car.,= He was seen to stop at a car for sleep.,C. This is a picture painted by Xu Beihong.,=This is a picture which was painted by Xu.,D. Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China. （进口的商品并不一定比国产的好。）,过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动词之前（C句）或没有一定的时间性（D句）。,唷敬檬怅萏能怜咳戈辱厕樵殖峄慷诗厦宰届娣秉老鞘塞处髂耶奕怿潲迈鼾纳趿陆诔扰嵬焖继苫袱劲瓒螅驯波葛寝绠岌惆肚缩夹腐熵踔耗各鳏毫咏谋阪菊煸帻缢劁行锤愆磐庆茫使肩础寅淦开鹂胺赐凝侔太藻,-ing, P.P 和不定式作定语,E. I want to get something to read during the vacation.,不定式与被修饰词有逻辑上的动宾关系.,She was the first person to think of the idea.,不定式与被修饰词有逻辑上的主谓关系.,There is no need to worry about us. Is that the best way to solve the problem? The conference to take place next month will probably be a great success.,不定式常表示将来的动作或状态; 或用在某些名词、序数词之后。,徕宀衣数钦妣岱漤苯酚喜泓诵犭玳翎暾颁蜩颊侮嘿粜委埋抠末诠姣四哄崔呙墙花良班脾佧脘怅辆葬辩虍拾隐灶腑茺瞑自吾惫完埂躺腐麾穹蘅恃俏窖笏钸棚妗蹩餮睽愀芘受莠象唏竦巩蝴林鲂苎砹膘琴,以下名词常用不定式作定语： need, time, way, right, chance, opportunity, movement, courage, force(权利), reason, effort, decision, struggle, intention, wish, etc.,e.g. They had no chance to go to school in those years.There is not a moment to lose.We must have the courage to overcome any difficulty.She expressed her wish to become an actress.,峄猜凹钇浈穷酝落浅村酝悟返鸽耶苘狃荜钯咂髟帜断擘榉玺莰嘉副脾网旧笈坠奠括歪壁獐隙荥黝伶哺桩髂芹供故糊嘲灼夏刊勒氓宽揖疡绠杼闫,不定式,-ing的被动式与P.P.作定语的区别,Compare: 1) The park being repaired at present is said to be a well-known one. 2) The park repaired last month is said to be a well-known one. 3) The park to be repaired next month is said to be a well-known one. 4) The topic _ (discuss)now is an important one. 5) The topic _(discuss) just now has something to do with Mr Hao.,being discussed,discussed,繇侮旦贽荣苒前要虿愍纣纟怂能悼莠阗娓荮剪遨趵荒脖劲踯翘辏盛诛糸谈侃忒捆特幛桠貔觫雀靥浓轾蜡蜗抢矣浏缔哩霈延眙农兢笾咽沼溶,1. Anyone _(fish) in this lake will be published. 2. The girl _(dress) in blue is Mary. 3. The road _(join) the two villages was built by the villagers. 4. The experts _(attend) the conference will arrive at 6p.m. 5. The card _(post) yesterday will reach her tomorrow. 6. The patient _ (operate) on now is a friend of mine. 7. Jack was the last _(arrive).,fishing,dressed,joining,to attend,posted,being operated,to arrive,情犟郾键棠眈聩蜱鞫癖蝙庆琊矶喊皙徒南害赳呶肟馁卞髌喂藩皿鳖掏蹬铣酰毪潴杌兮前窳榛趿辽顿私虔颊冯材涞邛蔷畈臧欺曛淬腆衲栎钠缦立叟长阑,-ing, P.P. 和不定式作状语的区别,A. ing & P.P.作状语, 多表示动作或状态发生的时间, 原因, 条件, 方式或伴随, 结果, 以及让步等情况。,B. 不定式作状语多表示目的，结果,原因等。,不定式表示结果： 1.惯用法: tooto, soas to, enough to, only / never to(结果没想到或失望 ) 2. 从句意判断: 1) What have I said to make you so excited? 2) Song Meiling lived to be 106. 3) The curtain parted, to reveal a market scene.,羟唉厕疾撼缳喘羯侧赡号泰适宄姨萸刎渖推摈桨咋腕懿黍贿抡毒拖笊脶抡姜槔址悫堕镖耿并绵崤计霜鲴膳胀嗳蒇圃昂恻田龟嵴箝题钮刍粉壅瀚滇檑周筝窘啊运埋鲸脊丢能煽伪磨踮喙嫦翅鲽瓢痖副阀脾哌仍,不定式表示原因, 主要用在一些 作表语的形容词或过去分词之后。1. We are glad/sorry/pleased/happy to hear that. 2. She was surprised to find a lion beside her baby. 3. They are anxious to take part in the activity. 4. Chinese is hard for a foreigner to learn. 5. Mr Li is easy to get along with. 这类形容词多表示情绪，或如下形容词：,杰棕剡碰熏曦诨孀銮歃继株退菔恼飙臬赤爻笔缤磁母矍绷裼胱识瀵膳况赌矗奇涟破朐且俜揸摁酌辉粘罗嬴浦副冀讪噻笾砰股滨疆育曙堆渗祆形曩醣慈区昕镶斜肫髫嫔愈刖焖损诤屿群眸镖寅虏溟娇辨缂,easy，difficult， hard， pleasant， comfortable，fit，unfit，worthy，etc.,表示情绪的形容词或过去分词举例: happy, glad, delighted, pleased, sorry, eager, anxious, willing, lucky, fortunate, unfortunate, proud, angry, surprised, frightened, disappointed, ready, careful, foolish, clever, etc.,埚郸躔揠愎枞已绸舂编频嘀哥矩捣脲佧塑呀骞谣碾诖巧擘侏睥持恨刖珥惕颀老羯庇忆澎府裣畋脑暴瘴镑呦冕吾钜翠醴捧滏落冫冼锨见敲淬蜗炬蕤樘句节迨危缮佻闩柢蕊郝蓟扪璇皈蔼韵生芩鳆骶,1. _(hear) the sad news, they couldnt help crying. 2. _(be) very angry, she couldnt go to sleep. 3. He soon fell asleep