课时讲练通高中英语Module4SandstormsinAsiaPeriod3Grammar（语法专题课+情境互动课型）课件外研版必修3.ppt

Module4SandstormsinAsiaGrammar,1.LearntheuseofInfinitive.2.Learnsomeimportantwordsandphrases.,Learningaims,Findoutthesentencesfromthetextthatcontaintheinfinitive：1.Scientistshavetriedmanywaystosolvethisproblem.2.Thewindissometimesstrongenoughtomovesanddunes.3.Tohavebeencaughtinasandstormwasaterribleexperience.,Leading-in,4.Therewasnothingtobedone.5.SandstormsinChinaappeartohaveincreasedinrecentyearsasaresultof“desertification”.6.Tobecyclinginasandstormisfrightening.7.Topreventitcomingnearer,thegovernmentisplantingtrees.,动词不定式,Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.,Herefusedtohelpuslastnight.,Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.,Wefoundahousetolivein.,ShecameheretostudyEnglish.,Iwarnedthepatientnottodrinkcoldwateraftertheoperation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补足语,一、不定式的句法功能1.作主语:往往放在谓语动词之后,用it作形式主语。Toseeistobelieve.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.如今掌握一门外语真的很重要。_isreallyimportantnowadays.放弃吸烟是对的。_isright.,Grammar不定式的用法,Tomasteraforeignlanguage,Togiveupsmoking,2.作宾语:作宾语时如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。Hewantedtogo.IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.Fred没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。Freddidnthaveanymoney,sohedecided_.他答应不告诉任何人这事。Hepromisednot_.,tolookforajob,totellanyoneaboutit,3.作宾语补足语：在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后作宾语补足语时,不定式不带to。Heletmedotheworkwithhim.他让我和他一起做工作。她叫我待在这儿。Sheaskedme_.请允许我介绍怀特先生给你们。Pleaseallowme_.,tostayhere,tointroduceMr.Whitetoyou,有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）help(半帮助)。,Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.,【知识拓展】,不定式作宾语补足语省略to的情况有下列口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带上to。Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.,4.作定语：当作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作发生的地点、工具等时,不定式后面必须有相应的介词。Wefoundtheriverdangeroustoswimin.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可以用被动语态。但含义有所不同。,试比较：Imgoingtothemarket.Ihavesomethingtobuy.我要去集市买一些东西。Imgoingtothemarket.Haveyouanythingtobebought？我要去集市。你有什么东西要（我帮忙）买吗？,5.作状语：表示目的、原因、结果。Icamehere(inorder)toseeyou.Wewereveryexcitedtofindnobodythere.Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadalreadyleft.,目的,原因,结果,常用于形容词后,和only结合，表示出乎意料的结果,完成句子Sheseemedsurprised_(meet)us.YesterdayIwenttoseehimonly_（find)hehadbeenawayonbusiness.3._(catch)thefirstbusinthemorning,hemustgetupveryearlyeveryday.,tomeet,Tocatch,【即学即练】,tofind,6.作表语：Myjobistohelpthepatient.我的工作是帮助病人。Mydreamistobecomeanoutstandingscientist.我的梦想是成为一名杰出的科学家。,【名师点津】,不定式作表语侧重于目的，强调动作将要发生。不定式作表语时，系动词翻译为“是”，不然就成了固定短语“betodo”。,【知识拓展】A.动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加not。Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.,B.带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。Mr.Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer.Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?,C.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词，只保留to。,A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?,Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).,B:Yes,Idloveto(gotoyourparty).,Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。,【高考链接】1.(2016北京高考)_(make)iteasiertogetintouchwithus,youdbetterkeepthiscardathand.2.(2014陕西高考)_(work)outthedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.,不定式作目的状语,Tomake,Towork,3.(2014山东高考)Itsstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone_(employ)asecurityofficer.,动词不定式作真正的主语,toemploy,二、不定式的时态和语态1.不定式的一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生,或是在它之后发生。Isawhimgoout.(同时）Iplantoattendthemeeting.(之后）2.如果谓语表示的动作发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行,这时要用进行时。,Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.Theyseemtobetalkingaboutsomethingimportant.(不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生）3.如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前,就要用完成时。Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.Heseemstohaveseenthefilm.(不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前）,4.当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。Heaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.Thisbookwassaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.,1.Alltheroomsinthehouserequire_（clean).2.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_(tell)thefilmstarhadleft.,【即学即练】,tobecleaned,tobetold,三、but+不定式的用法1.不定式在介词but,except后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do(非助动词)的各种形式时,那么这些介词后面的不定式不带to,否则带to。,Shecoulddonothingbutcry.Ihavenochoicebuttowait.,2.当句子的谓语动词是cant,canthelp,cantchoose等结构时,but,except后的不定式符号to也省略。canthelpdoing=canthelpbutdosth.情不自禁做某事，不得不做某事Wecanthelpbutadmirehisbravery.我们情不自禁地赞扬他的勇敢。Wecantchoosebutwait.我们只能等待。,【即学即练】完成句子1.Mikecoulddonothingbut_（admit)tohisteacherthathewaswrong.2.Thestudentsdidnothingexcept_(play)alldaylong.,admit,play,Languagepoints,1.concernedadj.关心的；担心的；有关的Wewereallconcernedfor/abouthissafety.我们大家都担心他的安全。Everyoneconcernedinitwasquestionedbythepolice.与这件事有关的每个人都受到警方的盘问。,【知识归纳】beconcernedabout/for关心，挂念beconcernedwith与有关；涉及as/sofarasbeconcerned就而言beconcernedin牵涉到；与有关【知识拓展】concernn.担心vt.使关心；使担忧;牵涉concerningprep.关于,Thespeechwhichhemade_botheredmegreatly.他所做的与这个项目有关的演讲使我大为烦恼。2._,Imnotagainstyourplan.就我而言，我并不反对你的计划。,【即学即练】,concerningtheproject,AsfarasIamconcerned,plainv.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉Hedoesnothingbutcomplain.他除了抱怨之外什么也不做。【知识拓展】complainabout/of抱怨complainthat抱怨complaintosb.向某人投诉/抱怨complaintn.诉苦；抱怨；牢骚makeacomplaint提出投诉Sheoftencomplainsaboutnotfeelingappreciatedatwork.她因为感到自己在工作中不受赏识而经常发牢骚。,I.改错。1.Sleeplateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm._2.Herwishisbecomingadoctor._,Classexercises,Sleep改为Tosleep,becoming改为tobecome,3.Withalotofproblemstobesettled,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime._,besettled改为settle,【解题关键】本题考查with的复合结构，不定式作宾语补足语，优先考虑其和主句中逻辑主语的关