英语国家概况英国UK

Britain,MediaandHolidays,CONTENT,Media,1,Holidays,2,Media,No.,01,Broadcast,1,Television,2,Newspaper,3,BBCRadioisanoperationalbusinessdivisionandserviceoftheBritishBroadcastingCorporation.Theserviceprovidesnationalradiostationscoveringthemajorityofmusicalgenres,aswellaslocalradiostationscoveringlocalnews,affairsandinterests.Italsooverseesonlineaudiocontent.,Aradionetworkof21adultcontemporarylocalradiostationsoperatedbyGlobalRadiointheUnitedKingdom.,ThelargestnationalcommercialradiostationintheUK.,Amusicwebsite,foundedintheUnitedKingdomin2002.,IndependentTelevision,ITVisacommercialTVnetworkintheUnitedKingdom.Launchedin1955asIndependentTelevisionundertheauspicesoftheIndependentTelevisionAuthority,TheBritishBroadcastingCorporation(BBC)isaBritishpublicservicebroadcaster.,ItisheadquarteredatBroadcastingHouseinLondon,andistheworldsoldestnationalbroadcastingorganisationandthelargestbroadcasterintheworldbynumberofemployees.,FIVE,TheFiveisaBritishcrimedramatelevisionseries.,Channel4,Channel4isaBritishpublic-servicetelevisionbroadcasterthatbegantransmissionon2November1982.,S4C,S4CisaWelsh-languagepublic-servicetelevisionchannelbasedinCardiffandbroadcastthroughoutWales.ThefirsttelevisionchanneltobeaimedspecificallyataWelsh-speakingaudienceS4Cis(afterBBCOne,ITV,andBBCTwo)thefourth-oldesttelevisionchannelintheUnitedKingdom,Tabloidisthesmaller-formatnewspaperwithcolorphotosandcatchyheadliness.theydealwithscandalsandgossip,usuallyaboutfamouspeople.,Broadsheetisthelargest-formatnewspaper,mainlyreportingpoliticalandeconomicalevents.,Broadsheet,Tabloid,Newpapers,Broadsheet-Threemajornewspapers,TheTimes(1785)泰晤士报,TheGuardian(1821)卫报,TheDailyTelegraph(1855)每日电讯报,TheSundayTelegraph星期日电讯报,TheIndependent独立报,TheObserver观察家报,FinancialTimes金融时报,Broadsheet,DailyMail每日邮报TheSun太阳报DailyMirror每日镜报Metro地铁报,Tabloid,TheGuardian,ABritishnationaldailynewspaper,ownedbytheGuardianMediaGroup.Itistheliberaldemocraticnewspaper,andknownforitsleftofcentrepoliticalstances.,1821,FoundedinManchesterbycottonmerchantJohnEdwardTaylor.,1907,C.P.Scottbecameitsowner,boughtitfromtheestateofTaylorsson.,1959,ThetitlewaschangedfromtheManchesterGuardiantotheGuardian.,1872,C.P.Scottbecametheeditor,1936,C.P.Scottsson,JRScottabandonedtherightofinheritanceandsetuptheScottTrust,theManchesterGuardianisrunasacompletelyindependentnewspaper.,History,18211959（calledtheManchesterGuardian）,1,1961,TheManchesterGuardianmovedtoLondonduetodrasticchangesinsociety.,2,1995,AlanRusbridger,thecurrenteditor,wasappointedonlytheeightheditorin130years.,3,1999,TheGuardianUnlimitedNetworkofwebsiteslaunched.,4,2004,ThedigitaleditionoftheGuardianwaslaunched,1959present,Features,3,ThesizeofBerlinerformatisbetweenbroadsheets（对开大报）andtabloids（四开小报),2,TheGuardianwasdesignedintheBerlinerformat.,1,Thenewspaperfocusesoninternationalnews,specializingincommentaryandanalyticalfeaturearticles.,Readership,Mostlyintellectual,politiciansandwhite-collarworkers,mostofthemareagedover21.IntheEuropeanintelligentsia,theGuardianismoreinfluentialthananyothernewspaper.,Content,Monday-sports,Tuesday-education,Wednesday-societyandenvironment,Tuesdayscienceandtechnology,Friday-filmandmusic,Saturdayliteraturereview,food,travel,familyandjob,TheGuardianpublishesdifferentthemeseveryday.,Holidays,No.,02,GuyFawkesNight(FireworksNight),1,QueensBirthday,2,Easter,3,ChristmasDay,4,ChristmasDay,ChristmasDayisanannualfestivalcommemoratingthebirthofJesus,observedmostcommonlyonDecember25asareligiousandculturalcelebrationamongbillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.,Easter,EasteralsocalledPaschaorResurrectionSunday,isafestivalandholidaycelebratingtheresurrectionofJesusfromthedead.,GuyFawkesNight,Itshistorybeginswiththeeventsof5November1605,whenGuyFawkes,amemberoftheGunpowderPlot,wasarrestedwhileguardingexplosivestheplottershadplacedbeneaththeHouseofLords.,GunpowderPlot(火药阴谋）,CelebratingthefactthatKingJamesIhadsurvivedtheattemptonhislife,peoplelitbonfiresaroundLondon,andmonthslatertheintroductionoftheObservanceof5thNovemberActenforcedanannualpublicdayofthanksgivingfortheplotsfailure.,Bonfiresandfireworks,BurningthepuppetofGuyFawkes,Activity,GuyFawkesmask,Astylisedportrayalofafacewithanoversizedsmileandredcheeks,awidemoustacheupturnedatbothends,andathinverticalpointedbeard,designedbyillustratorDavidLloyd.,VforVendetta,Astoryofafree,democraticonpeoplesbrainwashingtransformation,theauthoritariangovernmentstory.,BonfireToffee,BonfireToffeeApple,Jacketpotato,Mulledwine,BonfireNightRecipes,QueensBirthdayhasbeencelebratedintheUKsince1748.OneofthemostimpressiveandcolorfulfestivalstakesplaceonthesecondSaturdayinJune,whentheQueensbirthdayisofficiallycelebratedwiththe“TroopingtheColor”aroundBuckinghamPalaceinLondon.,QueensBirthday,ThisisaceremonyperformedbymanydifferentregimentsoftheBritishCommonwealtharmies.IttakesplaceatHorseGuardsParadeandmanysoldiersandmarchingbandsparadeinfrontofthemonarch,TroopingtheColor,Thename“TroopingtheColor”referstothetraditionoftheColors,whichareflagsrepresentingeachregimentbeingdisplayedtothesoldierssothattheycouldberecognizedinbattle.,DuringTroopingtheColor,theregimentsdisplaytheirColorsandpaytributetothereigningmonarch.,TheQueensBirthdayalsomarksthepublicationoftheBirthdayHonorsList.TheHonorsListdetailsallofthepeoplebothfa