大学英语全部翻译答案

大学英语1UNTI1孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（CONFUCIANISM）的创始人，被尊称为古代的“圣人”（SAGE）。CONFUCIUSWASAGREATTHINKERANDEDUCATORINCHINESEHISTORYHEWASTHEFOUNDEROFCONFUCIANISMANDWASRESPECTFULLYREFERREDTOASANANCIENT“SAGE“他的言论和生平活动记录在论语（THEANALECTS）一书中。HISWORDSANDLIFESTORYWERERECORDEDINTHEANALECTS论语是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。ANENDURINGCLASSICOFANCIENTCHINESECULTURE,THEANALECTSHASHADAGREATINFLUENCEONTHETHINKERS,WRITERS,ANDSTATESMENTHATCAMEAFTERCONFUCIUS不研究论语，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。WITHOUTSTUDYINGTHISBOOK,ONECOULDHARDLYTRULYUNDERSTANDTHETHOUSANDSOFYEARSTRADITIONALCHINESECULTURE孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。MUCHOFCONFUCIUSTHOUGHT,ESPECIALLYHISTHOUGHTONEDUCATION,HASHADAPROFOUNDINFLUENCEONCHINESESOCIETY在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。INTHE21STCENTURY,CONFUCIANTHOUGHTNOTONLYRETAINSTHEATTENTIONOFTHECHINESE,BUTITALSOWINSANINCREASINGATTENTIONFROMTHEINTERNATIONALCOMMUNITYUNTI2每年农历（CHINESELUNARCALENDAR）八月十五是我国的传统节日中秋节（THEMIDAUTUMNFESTIVAL）。ACCORDINGTOTHECHINESELUNARCALENDAR,AUGUST15OFEVERYYEARISATRADITIONALCHINESEFESTIVALTHEMIDAUTUMNFESTIVAL这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。THISDAYISTHEMIDDLEOFAUTUMN,SOITISCALLEDMIDAUTUMNONEOFTHEIMPORTANTMIDAUTUMNFESTIVALACTIVITIESISTOENJOYTHEMOON夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。ONTHATNIGHT,PEOPLEGATHERTOGETHERTOCELEBRATETHEMIDAUTUMNFESTIVAL,LOOKINGUPATTHEBRIGHTMOONANDEATINGMOONCAKES中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。THEFESTIVALISALSOATIMEFORFAMILYREUNIONPEOPLELIVINGFARAWAYFROMHOMEWILLEXPRESSTHEIRFEELINGSOFMISSINGTHEIRHOMETOWNSANDFAMILIESATTHISFESTIVAL中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。THEREAREMANYCUSTOMSTOCELEBRATETHEFESTIVAL,ALLEXPRESSINGPEOPLESLOVEANDHOPEFORAHAPPYLIFE自2008年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日SINCE2008,THEMIDAUTUMNFESTIVALHASBECOMEANOFFICIALNATIONALHOLIDAYINCHINAUNTI3中国航天业开创于1956年。CHINASSPACEINDUSTRYWASLAUNCHEDIN1956几十年来，中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。OVERTHEPASTDECADES,CHINASSPACEINDUSTRYHASCREATEDONEMIRACLEAFTERANOTHER1970年，中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。IN1970CHINALAUNCHEDITSFIRSTMANMADEEARTHSATELLITE,RANKINGCHINATHEFIFTHCOUNTRYINTHEWORLDTOINDEPENDENTLYDEVELOPANDLAUNCHMANMADEEARTHSATELLITES1992年，中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（MANNEDSPACEFLIGHTPROGRAM）。IN1992CHINABEGANTOCARRYOUTTHEMANNEDSPACEFLIGHTPROGRAM2003年，中国成功发射了“神舟五号“载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。IN2003CHINALAUNCHEDSHENZHOU5,AMANNEDSPACESHIPTHESUCCESSFULLAUNCHMADECHINATHETHIRDCOUNTRYTOLAUNCHMANNEDSPACESHIPS2007年发射了“嫦娥一号“，即第一颗绕月球飞行（LUNARORBITING）的人造卫星。IN2007CHANGE1,THEFIRSTLUNARORBITINGMANMADESATELLITEWASSENTTOSPACE2013年，第五艘载人飞船“神舟十号“发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。IN2013SHENZHOU10,THEFIFTHMANNEDSPACESHIP,WASLAUNCHEDSUCCESSFULLY,LAYINGTHEFOUNDATIONFORBUILDINGTHECHINESESPACESTATIONUNTI4郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（MARITIMEEXPLORER）。ZHENHEWASTHEMOSTFAMOUSMARITIMEEXPLORERINCHINESEHISTORY公元1405年，明朝的统治者为了稳固边防（BORDERDEFENSE）和开展海上贸易，派郑和下西洋（THEWESTERNSEAS）。IN1405AD,THERULEROFTHEMINGDYNASTYSENTZHENHEONAVOYAGETOTHEWESTERNSEASINORDERTOSTRENGTHENBORDERDEFENSEANDDEVELOPTRADEBYSEA在此后的28年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有10多万人，访问了30多个国家和地区。INTHEFOLLOWING28YEARS,ZHENHELEDHISFLEET,MADESEVENVOYAGESTOTHEWESTERNSEASWITHOVER100,000CREWMEMBERSINTOTAL,ANDVISITEDMORETHAN30COUNTRIESANDREGIONS船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直到非洲大陆。THEFLEETTRAVELEDFARINTOSOUTHASIAANDWESTASIA,ANDMADEALLTHEWAYTOTHECONTINENTOFAFRICA郑和下西洋是世界航海（NAVIGATION）史上的壮举，ZHENGHESVOYAGESTOTHEWESTERNSEASWEREAGREATFEATINTHEWORLDSNAVIGATIONHISTORY它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威（NATIONALSTRENGTHANDPRESTIGE），加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。ITSHOWEDZHENHESOUTSTANDINGNAVIGATIONANDORGANIZATIONTALENTSMEANWHILE,ITEXHIBITEDTHENATIONALSTRENGTHANDPRESTIGEOFTHEMINGDYNASTY,ANDSTRENGTHENEDTHERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENTHEMINGDYNASTYANDTHEOVERSEASCOUNTRIESUNTI5太极拳（TAICHI）是一种武术（MARTIALARTS）项目，也是一种健身运动，在中国有着悠久的历史。TAICHIISAKINDOFMARTIALARTS,ANDAFITNESSEXERCISEASWELLITHASALONGHISTORYINCHINA太极拳动作缓慢而柔和，适合任何年龄、性别、体型的人练习。WITHSLOWANDGENTLEMOVEMENTS,TAICHIISSUITABLEFORPEOPLEOFANYAGE,SEX,ORBODYTYPETOPRACTICE太极拳既可防身，又能强身健体，因而深受中国人的喜爱。ITCANBEUSEDTOPROVIDESELFDEFENSEASWELLASBUILDTHEBODYTHEREFORE,ITHASBECOMEVERYPOPULARAMONGCHINESEPEOPLE太极拳在发展的过程中，借鉴并吸收了中国传统哲学、医术、武术的合理内容（ELEMENT），成为特色鲜明的一项运动。DURINGITSDEVELOPMENT,TAICHIBORROWEDANDABSORBEDDESIRABLEELEMENTSFROMTRADITIONALCHINESEPHILOSOPHY,MEDICINE,ANDMARTIALARTS,ANDITHASDEVELOPEDINTOASPORTWITHUNIQUEFEATURES作为中国特有的一种运动形式，太极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜爱。ASAUNIQUESPORTINCHINA,TAICHIISALSOGAININGINCREASINGPOPULARITYAMONGMANYFOREIGNFRIENDSUNTI6改革开放以来，中国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的成就。SINCEITSECONOMICREFORMANDOPENINGUPTOTHEWORLD,CHINASEDUCATIONHASGONETHROUGHRAPIDDEVELOPMENTANDMADEREMARKABLEACHIEVEMENTS中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位，坚持科教兴国（REVITALIZETHECOUNTRY），全面提倡素质教育QUALITYORIENTEDEDUCATION。THECHINESEGOVERNMENTGIVESTOPPRIORITYTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFEDUCATION,PERSISTSINREVITALIZINGTHECOUNTRYBYSCIENCEANDEDUCATION,ANDFULLYADVOCATESQUALITYORIENTEDEDUCATION同时，积极推进教育公平，保障人人有受教育的机会。MEANWHILE,ITACTIVELYPROMOTESEQUALITYINEDUCATIONTOGUARANTEEEVERYONEACCESSTOEDUCATION中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的层面CHINASACHIEVEMENTSINEDUCATIONCANBEREFLECTEDINTWODIFFERENTLAYERS一个是全面普及了九年义务教育（NINEYEARCOMPULSORYEDUCATION），ONEISTHEPOPULARIZATIONOFTHENINEYEARCOMPULSORYEDUCATION另一个是实现了高等教育大众化（MASSHIGHEREDUCATION）。THEOTHERISTHEREALIZATIONOFMASSHIGHEREDUCATION教育的发展为中国的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。THEDEVELOPMENTOFEDUCATIONHASMADESIGNIFICANTCONTRIBUTIONSTOCHINASECONOMICDEVELOPMENTANDSOCIALPROGRESS近年来，为适应社会、经济发展的需要，INRECENTYEARS,TOSATISFYTHENEEDSOFSOCIALANDECONOMICDEVELOPMENT,中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。THECHINESEGOVERNMENTHASSPEDUPTHETRAININGOFQUALIFIEDPERSONNELURGENTLYNEEDEDINVARIOUSFIELDSUNTI7为人诚信，以和为贵是中华民族的传统美德。“和“的思想体现在很多方面。INTEGRITYANDHARMONYARETRADITIONALCHINESEVIRTUES“HARMONY“ISDEMONSTRATEDINVARIOUSASPECTS在处理人与人的关系上，中国传统思想主张“和为贵“以及“家和万事兴“，从而创造一个和谐的社会环境。INREGARDTOINTERPERSONALRELATIONS,TRADITIONALCHINESETHOUGHTSHOLDTHAT“HARMONYISMOSTPRECIOUS“AND“AFAMILYTHATLIVESINHARMONYWILLPROSPER“AHARMONIOUSSOCIALENVIRONMENTCANBECREATEDBASEDONTHESEPRINCIPLES在人与自然的关系上，人类应当学会认识自然，尊重自然，保护自然。ASFORRELATIONSBETWEENHUMANBEINGSANDNATURE,PEOPLESHOULDLEARNTOUNDERSTAND,RESPECTANDPROTECTNATURE人与人、人与社会、人与自然都需要“和谐“。HARMONYISESSENTIALTOINTERPERSONALRELATIONS,RELATIONSBETWEENHUMANBEINGSANDSOCIETY,ASWELLASBETWEENHUMANBEINGSANDNATURE如今，和谐发展依然是我们的治国之本和管理人才之道。NOWADAYS,HARMONIOUSDEVELOPMENTISSTILLTHEWAYOFRUNNINGTHECOUNTRYANDMANAGINGTALENTEDPERSONNEL随着我国社会经济和文化的发展，“和“的思想更加深入人心。WITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFCHINASSOCIETY,ECONOMYANDCULTURE,THEIDEAOF“HARMONY“GOESEVENDEEPERINTOPEOPLESHEARTS中国正在向构建社会主义和谐社会的目标迈进。CHINAISONITSWAYTOWARDTHEGOALOFBUILDINGAHARMONIOUSSOCIALISTSOCIETYUNTI8新中国成立后，中国坚持（PERSISTIN）独立自主的和平外交政策，在外交领域取得了巨大成就。SINCETHEFOUNDINGOFTHEPEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINA,CHINAHASPERSISTEDINTHEINDEPENDENTFOREIGNPOLICYOFPEACE,ANDMADETREMENDOUSPROGRESSINFOREIGNAFFAIRS截至2011年，中国已与172个国家建立了外交关系（DIPLOMATICRELATIONS）。BY2011,CHINAHADESTABLISHEDDIPLOMATICRELATIONSWITH172COUNTRIES近年来，随着中国综合国力的提升（ENHANCEMENT），中国在国际事务中的作用越来越重要，中国的国际地位得到进一步提升。OVERRECENTYEARS,WITHTHEENHANCEMENTOFITSCOMPREHENSIVENATIONALSTRENGTH,CHINAHASBEENPLAYINGANINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTROLEININTERNATIONALAFFAIRS,ANDCHINASINTERNATIONALSTATUSHASBEENFURTHERENHANCED在地区性事务中，中国积极推动各种区域合作，为维护地区和平、促进地区发展作出了重要贡献。INREGIONALAFFAIRS,CHINAACTIVELYPROMOTESALLKINDSOFREGIONALCOOPERATIONITHASMADEIMPORTANTCONTRIBUTIONSINMAINTAININGREGIONALPEACEANDPROMOTINGREGIONALDEVELOPMENT中国外交（DIPLOMACY）将高举“和平、发展、合作、共赢“的旗帜（BANNER），CHINASDIPLOMACYWILLHOLDHIGHTHEBANNEROF“PEACE,DEVELOPMENT,COOPERATIONANDMUTUALBENEFIT“在和平共处五项原则的基础上，通过全面发展同各国的友好合作，为建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界作出不懈的努力（MAKEUNREMITTINGEFFORTS）。ONTHEBASISOFTHEFIVEPRINCIPLESOFPEACEFULCOEXISTENCEANDTHROUGHALLROUNDANDFRIENDLYCOOPERATIONWITHVARIOUSCOUNTRIES,CHINAWILLMAKEUNREMITTINGEFFORTSTOBUILDAHARMONIOUSWORLDOFENDURINGPEACEANDCOMMONPROSPERITYBOOK2UNTI1中国书法CALLIGRAPHY是一门独特的艺术、是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。CHINESECALLIGRAPHYISAUNIQUEARTANDTHEUNIQUEARTTREASUREINTHEWORLD中国书法艺术的形成，发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。THEFORMATIONANDDEVELOPMENTOFTHECHINESECALLIGRAPHYISCLOSELYRELATEDTOTHEEMERGENCEANDEVOLUTIONOFCHINESECHARACTERS汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中，一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。INTHISLONGEVOLUTIONARYPROCESS,CHINESECHARACTERSHAVENOTONLYPLAYEDANIMPORTANTROLEINEXCHANGINGIDEASANDTRANSMITTINGCULTUREBUTALSODEVELOPEDINTOAUNIQUEARTFORM书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有“字如其人”的说法。CALLIGRAPHICWORKSWELLREFLECTCALLIGRAPHERSPERSONALFEELINGS,KNOWLEDGE,SELFCULTIVATION,PERSONALITY,ANDSOFORTH,THUSTHEREISANEXPRESSIONTHAT“SEEINGTHECALLIGRAPHERSHANDWRITINGISLIKESEEINGTHEPERSON“中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。ASONEOFTHETREASURESOFCHINESECULTURE,CHINESECALLIGRAPHYSHINESSPLENDIDLYINTHEWORLDSTREASUREHOUSEOFCULTUREANDARTUNTI2近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大的成就。INRECENTYEARS,WITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFINTERNETTECHNOLOGY,THECONSTRUCTIONOFDIGITALEDUCATIONRESOURCESOFOURCOUNTRYHASMADEGREATACHIEVEMENTS很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台，数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作用。MANYUNIVERSITIESHAVESETUPTHEIROWNDIGITALLEARNINGPLATFORMS,ANDDIGITALTEACHINGISPLAYINGANINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTROLEINEDUCATION和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。COMPAREDWITHTHETRADITIONALWAYOFTEACHING,THEDIGITALWAYHASALOTOFADVANTAGES一方面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享；ONONEHAND,DIGITALTEACHINGMAKESGLOBALSHARINGOFTEACHINGRESOURCESPOSSIBLE另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间，人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。ONTHEOTHERHAND,ITEXPANDSTHELEARNERSSTUDYTIMEANDSPACETOLEARN,ALLOWINGPEOPLETOGETACCESSTOTHEDIGITALVIRTUALSCHOOLSTHROUGHTHEINTERNETANYTIMEANDANYWHERE这使得人类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。THESEADVANTAGESMAKEITPOSSIBLEFORPEOPLETOSHIFTFROMONETIMELEARNINGTOLIFELONGLEARNINGUNTI3孝道（FILIALPIETY）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（CODEOFETHICS）。FILIALPIETYISTHEBASICCODEOFETHICSINANCIENTCHINESESOCIETY中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。CHINESEPEOPLECONSIDERFILIALPIETYASTHEESSENCEOFAPERSONSINTEGRITY,FAMILYHARMONY,ANDTHENATIONSWELLBEING由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。WITHFILIALPIETYBEINGTHECOREOFCONFUCIANETHICS,ITHASBEENTHEMORALSTANDARDFORTHECHINESESOCIETYTOMAINTAINTHEFAMILYRELATIONSHIPFORTHOUSANDSOFYEARS它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。ITSUNDOUBTEDLYATRADITIONALCHINESEVIRTUETHECULTUREOFFILIALPIETYISACOMPLEXCONCEPT,RICHINCONTENTANDWIDEINRANGE它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（INSTITUTIONALETIQUETTE）。ITINCLUDESNOTONLYCULTURALIDEASBUTALSOINSTITUTIONALETIQUETTES一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。GENERALLYSPEAKING,ITREFERSTOTHEOBLIGATIONOFCHILDRENTOTHEIRPARENTSREQUIREDBYTHESOCIETY,INCLUDINGRESPECT,CARE,SUPPORTFORTHEELDERLYANDSOFORTH孝道是古老的“东方文明“之根本。FILIALPIETYISFUNDAMENTALTOTHEANCIENT“ORIENTALCIVILIZATION“UNTI4农历七月初七是中国的七夕节QIXIFESTIVAL，是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。JULY7THONTHECHINESECALENDARISCHINESEQIXIFESTIVAL,THEMOSTROMANTICOFALLTHETRADITIONALCHINESEHOLIDAYS一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。EVERYYEAR,SOMEBIGBUSINESSESORGANIZEVARIOUSACTIVITIES,ANDYOUNGPEOPLESENDGIFTSTOTHEIRLOVERS因此，七夕节被认为是中国的“情人节”VALENTINESDAY。ASARESULT,THEQIXIFESTIVALISCONSIDEREDTOBECHINESE“VALENTINESDAY“七夕节来于牛郎与织女（COWHERDANDWEAVINGMAID）的传说。THEQIXIFESTIVALISDERIVEDFROMTHELEGENDOFCOWHERDANDWEAVINGMAID相传，每年的这个夜晚，天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。THELEGENDHOLDSTHATONTHISPARTICULARNIGHTEVERYYEARTHEWEAVINGMAIDINHEAVENMEETSWITHCOWHERD所以，在七夕的夜晚，人们可以看到牛郎织女在银河（THEMILKYWAY）相会。SO,PEOPLECANSEECOWHERDANDWEAVINGMAIDMEETINGINTHEMILKYWAYONTHENIGHTOFQIXI姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女乞求智慧，以获得美满姻缘。ONTHISNIGHT,GIRLSWOULDALSOBEGWEAVINGMAIDFORSOMEWISDOMFORAHAPPYMARRIAGE但随着时代的变迁，这些活动正在消失，BUT,WITHTHECHANGINGOFTIMES,THESEACTIVITIESAREDIMINISHING唯有标志着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间。ALLTHATREMAINSISTHELEGENDOFCOWHERDANDWEAVINGMAID,ASIGNOFFAITHFULLOVE,CONTINUOUSLYCIRCULATEDAMONGTHEFOLKUNTI5丝绸之路（SILKROAD）是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆（EURASIA）的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸易为主，故称“丝绸之路“。THESILKROADISATRAFFICROUTEINTHEANCIENTTIMESCONNECTINGCHINAANDEURASIATHISTRADEROUTEFOCUSESONTHETRADEOFSILK,HENCETHENAME“THESILKROAD“作为国际贸易的通道和文化交流的桥梁，丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展，对世界文明进程有着深远影响。ASANINTERNATIONALTRADECHANNELANDABRIDGEOFCULTURALEXCHANGES,THESILKROADEFFECTIVELYIMPROVEDTHEECONOMICANDCULTURALEXCHANGESANDDEVELOPMENTBETWEENTHEEASTANDTHEWEST,EXERTINGAPROFOUNDIMPACTONTHEPROGRESSOFTHEWORLDCIVILIZATION当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了“一带一路“（ONEBELT,ONEROAD）（即“丝绸之路经济带“和“21世纪海上丝绸之路“）的战略构想。NOWADAYS,UNDERTHENEWHISTORICALCIRCUMSTANCES,OURCOUNTRYPROPOSESTHESTRATEGYOF“ONEBELT,ONEROAD“NAMELYTHESILKROADECONOMICBELTANDTHE21STCENTURYMARITIMESILKROAD“一带一路“以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。THESTRATEGYOF“ONEBELT,ONEROAD“FOCUSESONCOOPERATIONANDMUTUALBENEFITS,EMPHASIZINGMUTUALBENEFITS,WINWIN,ASWELLASCOMMONDEVELOPMENTOFTHERELATEDCOUNTRIES这一战略一经提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。ONCEPROPOSED,THESTRATEGYHASRECEIVEDPOSITIVERESPONSESFROMTHERELATEDCOUNTRIESALONGTHEROADUNTI6国民幸福指数（NATIONALHAPPINESSINDEX，NHI）是衡量人们幸福感的一种指数，也是衡量一个国家或地区经济发展、居民生活与幸福水平的指标工具。NATIONALHAPPINESSINDEXNHIISANINDEXTHATMEASURESHOWHAPPYPEOPLEAREITISALSOATOOLTHATMEASURESTHELEVELSOFECONOMICDEVELOPMENTANDPEOPLESLIVELIHOODANDHAPPINESSINACOUNTRYORREGION随着中国经济的高速增长，中国政府越来越重视人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。WITHTHEFASTGROWTHOFCHINESEECONOMY,THECHINESEGOVERNMENTHASBEENPAYINGMOREANDMOREATTENTIONTOPEOPLESLIVINGQUALITYANDTHEINCREASEOFHAPPINESSINDEX政府注重改善民生，努力改善人民群众的经济状况，满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求。THEGOVERNMENTSTRESSESIMPROVEMENTOFITSPEOPLESLIVELIHOOD,STRIVINGTOIMPROVETHEIRECONOMICCONDITIONSANDMEETTHEIRGROWINGMATERIALANDCULTURALNEEDS当前，中国政府提倡释放改革红利，让人民群众得到更多实惠。CURRENTLY,THECHINESEGOVERNMENTADVOCATESTHEUNLEASHINGOFMOREREFORMDIVIDENDS,WITHTHEAIMOFOFFERINGMOREREALBENEFITSTOITSPEOPLE所有这些都将有效促进我国国民幸福指数不断提升。ALLTHESEMEASURESWILLCOMBINETOEFFECTIVELYINCREASETHENHIOFOURPEOPLEUNTI7中国是丝绸的故乡，因而有很多与丝绸相关的艺术，刺绣（EMBROIDERY）就是其中的一种。CHINAISHOMETOSILK,THEREBYHAVINGAVARIETYOFARTSRELATEDTOSILK,ONEOFWHICHISEMBROIDERY刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，至少有两、三千年的历史。EMBROIDERY,WITHATLEASTTWOORTHREETHOUSANDYEARSOFHISTORY,ISONEOFTHECHINESETRADITIONALFOLKARTSANDCRAFTS从事刺绣的多为女子，因此刺绣又被称为“女红“（WOMENSNEEDLEWORK）。SINCEMOSTEMBROIDERERSAREWOMEN,ITSALSOCALLED“WOMENSNEEDLEWORK“刺绣在中国受到了人们广泛的喜爱。EMBROIDERYHASBEENMUCHLOVEDBYTHECHINESEPEOPLE刺绣可用来装饰衣物，如在衣服、被子、枕套（PILLOWCASE）等物品上绣上美丽的图案，也可制作成特别的饰品（ORNAMENT）。ITCANBEUSEDTOBEAUTIFYCLOTHINGANDTHINGSFOREXAMPLE,CLOTHES,QUILTS,PILLOWCASESETCCANBEEMBROIDEREDWITHBEAUTIFULDESIGNS,ORAPIECEOFEMBROIDERYCANBEMADEFORASPECIALORNAMENT中国有四大名绣苏州的苏绣、广东的粤绣、湖南的湘绣以及四川的蜀绣。各种绣法不仅风格有差异，主题也各有不同。THEREAREFOURMOSTFAMOUSTYPESOFEMBROIDERYINCHINASUXIUFROMSUZHOU,YUEXIUFROMGUANGDONG,XIANGXIUFROMHUNAN,ANDSHUXIUFROMSICHUAN,EACHHAVINGITSOWNSTYLEANDTHEME在这其中，苏州的苏绣最负盛名。AMONGTHEFOUR,SUZHOUEMBROIDERYHASENJOYEDTHEHIGHESTREPUTATIONUNTI8新中国成立以来，特别是改革开放以来，中国政府在生态环境ECOENVIRONMENTAL保护方面做出了大量努力，取得了有效进展。SINCETHEFOUNDINGOFNEWCHINA,ESPECIALLYSINCETHEECONOMICREFORMANDDOOROPENINGTOTHEWORLD,THECHINESEGOVERNMENTHASMADECONSIDERABLEEFFORTSINECOENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONANDACHIEVEDEFFECTIVEPROGRESS政府采取了一系列保护和改善生态环境的重大举措，譬如积极推进重点生态工程，加强生态系统建设ECOSYSTEM及生物多样性保护BIODIVERSITYCONSERVATION，建立了一批自然保护区NATURERESERVATION、生态示范区ECOLOGICALDEMONSTRATIONZONES、风景名胜区和森林公园。THEGOVERNMENTHASTAKENASERIESOFIMPORTANTMEASURESTOPROTECTANDIMPROVETHEECOLOGICALENVIRONMENT,SUCHASACTIVELYPROMOTINGKEYECOLOGICALPROJECTS,ENHANCINGECOSYSTEMCONSTRUCTIONANDBIODIVERSITYCONSERVATION,ESTABLISHINGANUMBEROFNATURERESERVATIONS,ECOLOGICALDEMONSTRATIONZONES,SCENICSPOTSANDFORESTPARKS加强生态环境的保护和建设，实现人与自然和谐相处，是构建社会主义和谐社会（HARMONIOUSSOCIETY）的重要目标之一。ONEOFTHEIMPORTANTGOALSOFBUILDINGASOCIALISTHARMONIOUSSOCIETYISTOSTRENGTHENECOLOGICALPROTECTIONANDCONSTRUCTIONANDTOACHIEVEHARMONYBETWEENMANANDNATURE环境保护和生态文明建设为中国经济、社会的可持续发展提供了坚实的基础。ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONANDECOLOGICALCIVILIZATIONCONSTRUCTIONHAVEPROVIDEDASOLIDFOUNDATIONFORTHESUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTOFCHINASECONOMYANDSOCIETY新视野BOOK3UNIT1如今，很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。NOWADAYS,MANYYOUNGPEOPLENOLONGERCHOOSE“STABLE”JOBSINSTEAD,THEYPREFERTOSTARTTHEIROWNBUSINESSESANDREALIZETHEIRSELFVALUETHROUGHTHEIROWNWISDOMANDEFFORTS青年创业YOUNGENTREPRENEURSHIP是未来国家经济活力的来源，YOUNGENTREPRENEURSHIPISTHESOURCEOFNATIONALECONOMICVITALITYINTHEFUTURE创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正式让中国经济升级换代的力量。THESUCCESSOFENTREPRENEURSNOTONLYCREATESFORTUNE,INCREASESJOBOPPORTUNITIES,IMPROVESPEOPLESLIFE,BUTITISALSOGOODFORTHECOUNTRYINTHELONGTERM尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，ENTREPRENEURSAREADRIVINGFORCEINUPGRADINGCHINASECONOMYESPECIALLYFORTHETIMEBEING,OURCOUNTRYISENCOURAGINGPEOPLETOSTARTTHEIROWNBUSINESSESANDMAKEINNOVATIONSANDGIVINGPOLICYSUPPORTFORMEDIUMANDSMALLBUSINESSES这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。THISFURTHERAROUSESYOUNGPEOPLESENTHUSIASMTOSTARTTHEIROWNBUSINESSESUNIT2实现中华民族伟大复兴（REJUVENATION是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我称之为“中国梦”，REALIZINGTHEGREATNATIONALREJUVENATION,WHICHWEDEFINEASTHECHINESEDREAM,HASBEENTHEGREATESTCHINESEEXPECTATIONSINCEMODERNTIMES其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。ITBASICALLYMEANSACHIEVINGPROSPERITYFORTHECOUNTRY,RENEWALOFTHENATIONANDHAPPINESSFORTHEPEOPLE,THUSENSURINGTHATEVERYENTERPRISINGCHINESECARRIES,GENERATIONAFTERGENERATION,THEFIRMCONVICTIONTHATABETTERLIFEISACCOMPLISHEDTHROUGHPERSISTENTEFFORT人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。PEOPLESHOULDACHIEVETHEIRPROSPERITYTHROUGHDILIGENCE,COURAGE,CREATIVITYANDDETERMINATIONINSTEADOFAIDFROMSOCIETYOROTHERPEOPLE每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。EACHINDIVIDUALISAPARTICIPANTANDADESIGNERINTHECAUSEOFREALIZINGTHECHINESEDREAM,FORITISADREAMNOTONLYFORTHEENTIRENATIONBUTALSOFOREVERYCHINESEUNIT3水墨画（INKANDWASHPAINTING）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。INKANDWASHPAINTING,ONEOFTHEUNIQUETRADITIONALARTFORMSOFCHINA,ISREPRESENTATIVEOFCHINESEPAINTING它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。ITBEGANAROUNDTHETIMEOFTHETANGDYNASTY,ANDTHENPROSPEREDINTHESONGANDYUANDYNASTIESWITHAHISTORYOFOVERONETHOUSANDYEARS,ITHASEXPERIENCEDCONSTANTDEVELOPMENT,IMPROVEMENTANDPERFECTION水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。THETOOLSANDMATERIALSUSEDTOCREATEINKANDWASHTOB_ID_5309PAINTING,IEBRUSHES,RICEPAPER,ANDINK,ARECHARACTERISTICOFCHINESECULTUREANDCLOSELYRELATEDTOTHEFEATURESOFTHEPAINTINGS例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。FOREXAMPLE,THEMIXINGOFWATERANDINKCREATESDIFFERENTSHADESOFDRYNESS,WETNESS,THICKNESSANDTHINNESS水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意向，从而达到独特的审美效果。THEINTEGRATIONANDINFILTRATIONOFWATER,INK,ANDRICEPAPERENABLESSUCHPAINTINGSTOCONVEYRICHIMAGES,ANDHENCETOACHIEVEUNIQUEAESTHETICEFFECTS水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。INKANDWASHPAINTINGHOLDSAHIGHSTATUSINTHEHISTORYOFCHINESEPAINTING,ANDITISEVENREGARDEDASTHECRITERIONTOEVALUATETHEARTISTICLEVELOFORIENTALPAINTINGSUNIT4丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多山。LIJIANGISAMOUNTAINOUSCITYINNORTHWESTYUNNANPROVINCE丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山脚下，是一座风景秀丽的历史文化名城，THEOLDTOWNOFLIJIANG,LOCATEDATTHEFOOTOFJADEDRAGONSNOWMOUNTAIN,ISATOWNOFSCENICBEAUTYANDKNOWNFORITSHISTORYANDCULTURE也是我国保存完好的少数民族古城之一。ITISALSOAWELLPRESERVEDOLDTOWNWITHFEATURESOFETHNICMINORITIES丽江古城始建于南宋，距今约有800年的历史。THECONSTRUCTIONWORKOFTHEOLDTOWNWASSTARTEDFROMTHESOUTHERNSONGDYNASTYABOUT800YEARSFROMNOW丽江不仅历史悠久，而且民族众多，少数民族人口占全区人口的半数以上。NOTONLYDOESLIJIANGBOASTALONGHISTORY,BUTALSOITBOASTSMANYETHNICMINORITIESWHO