语言学概论英试卷二

8801语言学概论（英）试卷第1页（共8页）复核总分复核人题号一二三四五六总分题分201010152520合分人得分得分评卷人复查人1THEDISTINCTIONBETWEENCOMPETENCEANDPERFORMANCEWASPUTFORWARDBY_ALEONARDBLOOMFIELDBFERDINANDDESAUSSURECNOAMCHOMSKYDMAKHALLIDAY2THESTUDYOFLANGUAGEDEVELOPMENTATAPERIODOFTIME,DISREGARDINGWHATEVERCHANGESMIGHTBETAKINGPLACE,ISGENERALLYTERMEDAS_LINGUISTICSAAPPLIEDBDIACHRONICCCOMPARATIVEDSYNCHRONIC3ACCORDINGTODESAUSSURE,_REFERSTOALANGUAGEUSERSUNDERLYINGKNOWLEDGEABOUTTHESYSTEMOFRULESAPERFORMANCEBCOMPETENCECPAROLEDLANGUE4ACCORDINGTONOAMCHOMSKY,LANGUAGEISTHEPRODUCTOF_AANINNATEFACULTY,UNIQUETOHUMANSBCOMMUNICATIONCENVIRONMENTALCONDITIONINGDALLOFTHEABOVE201年月江苏省高等教育自学考试8801语言学概论（英）一、选择题（每小题1分，共20分）在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确的答案，并将其字母标号填入题干的括号内。8801语言学概论（英）试卷第2页（共8页）5WHICHONEISDIFFERENTFROMTHEOTHERSACCORDINGTOPLACESOFARTICULATIONANBMCBDP6WHICHBRANCHOFPHONETICSCONCERNSTHEPRODUCTIONOFSPEECHSOUNDSAACOUSTICPHONETICSBARTICULATORYPHONETICSCAUDITORYPHONETICSDPHONOLOGY7ASOUNDPRODUCEDWITHTHEVOCALCORDSVIBRATINGISSAIDTOBEA_SOUNDARESONANTBVOICELESSCVOICEDDCONSONANT8_ARESOUNDSARTICULATEDBYTHEBACKOFTHETONGUEAGAINSTTHESOFTPALATEAVELARSBLABIALSCPALATALSDALVEOLARS9THEENGLISHWORD“MODERNIZERS”ISCOMPOSEDOF_MORPHEMESA4B3C2D510THEPHRASE“MENANDWOMEN”BELONGSTOTHE_CONSTRUCTIONAPREDICATEBCOORDINATECSUBORDINATEDEXOCENTRIC11INTHETGGRAMMAR,THE_STRUCTUREREPRESENTSTHESYNTACTICPROPERTIESOFACONSTRUCTION,IETHEUNDERLYINGLEVELOFSTRUCTURALRELATIONSBETWEENITSDIFFERENTCONSTITUENTSADEEPBSURFACE8801语言学概论（英）试卷第3页（共8页）CGENERATIVEDTRANSFORMATIONAL12THEENGLISHLANGUAGEHAS_AMORPHEMESBSYNTAXCNUMBERAGREEMENTDALLOFTHEABOVE13HYPONYMSOFTHESAME_ARECOHYPONYMSAWORDBLEXICALITEMCSUPERORDINATEDHYPONYMY14_ISDEFINEDASANYREGIONALLYORSOCIALLYDEFINABLEHUMANGROUPIDENTIFIEDBYSHAREDLINGUISTICSYSTEMAASPEECHCOMMUNITYBARACECASOCIETYDACOUNTRY15_ISTHESTUDYOFHOWSPEAKERSOFALANGUAGEUSESENTENCESTOEFFECTSUCCESSFULCOMMUNICATIONASEMANTICSBPRAGMATICSCSOCIOLINGUISTICSDPSYCHOLINGUISTICS16_FOUNDTHATNATURALLANGUAGEHADITSOWNLOGICANDCONCLUDEDCOOPERATIVEPRINCIPLEAJOHNAUSTINBJOHNFIRTHCPAULGRICEDWILLIAMJONES17_REFERSTOHOWWECONSTRUCTANUTTERANCEFROMIDEATOCOMPLETEDSENTENCEALANGUAGECOMPREHENSIONBLANGUAGEPRODUCTIONCLANGUAGEACQUISITIONDLANGUAGELISTENING8801语言学概论（英）试卷第4页（共8页）18“_”ISOFTENUNDERSTOODASALANGUAGESYSTEMBETWEENTHETARGETLANGUAGEANDTHELEARNERSNATIVELANGUAGEAINPUTHYPOTHESISBSAPIRWHORFHYPOTHESISCINTERLANGUAGEDCONTRASTIVEANALYSIS19WHICHONEOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSABOUTERRORSINFOREIGNLANGUAGELEARNINGINFALSE_AERRORSCANNOTBEAVOIDEDINFOREIGNLANGUAGELEARNINGBERRORSTELLTHETEACHERHOWFARTOWARDSTHEGOALTHELEARNERHASPROGRESSEDANDCONSEQUENTLYWHATREMAINSFORHIMTOLEARNCERRORSARESOMETHINGBADTHATSHOULDNOTBEALLOWEDINFOREIGNLANGUAGELEARNINGDERRORSPROVIDETHERESEARCHERWITHEVIDENCEOFHOWLANGUAGEISLEARNEDORACQUIRED,WHATSTRATEGIESORPROCEDURESTHELEARNERISEMPLOYINGISHISDISCOVERYOFTHELANGUAGE20THEUSEOFNONSTANDARDENGLISHPERSISTSBECAUSE_ATHEWORKINGCLASSISINCAPABLEOFSPEAKING“CORRECTLY”BENGLISHISACOMPLICATEDANDTHEREFOREDIFFICULTLANGUAGETOMASTERCSUBORDINATEGROUPSUSENONSTANDARDENGLISHTOPROMOTESOLIDARITYDTEACHERSDONOTPROPERLYSTRESSTHEIMPORTANCEOFSTANDARDENGLISHINSCHOOLS得分评卷人复查人21NOTALLTHESOUNDSOCCURINTHESAMEENVIRONMENTWHENTWOSOUNDSNEVEROCCURINTHESAMEENVIRONMENT,THEYARESAIDTOBEINTHE_DISTRIBUTION22ACCORDINGTOTHE“SEMANTICTRIANGLE”PRESENTEDBYOGDENANDRICHARDS,THESYMBOLOR_REFERSTOTHELINGUISTICELEMENTS,ANDTHETHOUGHTORREFERENCEREFERSTOCONCEPT23A_VOWELISONEPRODUCEDBYHOLDINGTHETONGUETOWARDSFRONTOFTHEMOUTH24_PHONETICSSTUDIESTHEHUMANSPEECHORGANSANDTHEWAYINWHICHTHESPEECHSOUNDSAREPRODUCED25_REFERSTOTHEPHENOMENONTHATTHESAMEWORDMAYHAVEASETOFDIFFERENTMEANINGS26LINGUISTICSISABRANCHOFSCIENCEWHICHTAKES_ITSOBJECTOFINVESTIGATION27LANGUEISTHEIDEALLANGUAGEUSERSKNOWLEDGEOFTHERULES_ISTHEACTUALREALIZATIONOFTHISKNOWLEDGEINUTTERANCES二、填空题（每小题1分，共10分）8801语言学概论（英）试卷第5页（共8页）28_CONSTRUCTIONREFERSTOTWOORMOREWORDS,PHRASESORCLAUSESHAVINGEQUIVALENTSYNTACTICSTATUS29_ISTHESTUDYOFTHEMEANINGOFLINGUISTICUNITS,WORDSANDSENTENCESINPARTICULAR30_MEANINGISCOMMUNICATEDTHROUGHASSOCIATIONWITHWORDSWHICHTENDTOOCCURINTHESAMEENVIRONMENT得分评卷人复查人31IFTHECONTEXTOFUSEISCONSIDERED,THESTUDYOFMEANINGISBEINGCARRIEDOUTINTHEAREAOFPRAGMATICS_32ALOCUTIONARYACTISTHEACTOFEXPRESSINGTHESPEAKERSINTENTION_33ONLYWHENAMAXIMUNDERCOOPERATIVEPRINCIPLEISBLATANTLYVIOLATEDANDTHEHEARERKNOWSTHATITISBEINGVIOLATEDDOCONVERSATIONALIMPLICATURESARISE_34OFTHETHREESPEECHACTS,LINGUISTSAREMOSTINTERESTEDINTHEILLOCUTIONARYACTBECAUSETHISKINDOFSPEECHISIDENTICALWITHTHESPEAKERSINTENTION_35OFTHEVIEWSCONCERNINGTHESTUDYOFSEMANTICS,THECONTEXTUALVIEW,WHICHPLACESTHESTUDYOFMEANINGINTHECONTEXTINWHICHLANGUAGEISUSED,ISOFTENCONSIDEREDASTHEINITIALEFFORTTOSTUDYMEANINGINAPRAGMATICSENSE_得分评卷人复查人36DESIGNFEATURES得分三、判断说明题（每小题2分，共10分）在题后的括号内，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”，并在题下空处说明理由。四、四、名词解释（每小题3分，共15分）8801语言学概论（英）试卷第6页（共8页）37PHONEME得分38DEEPSTRUCTURE得分39DENOTATION得分40COMPLEMENTARYANTONYMY得分得分评卷人复查人41WHATPROCESSESISPSYCHOLINGUISTICSPRIMARILYINTERESTEDIN得分42WHATISSPEECHCOMMUNITY五、简答题（每小题5分，共25分）8801语言学概论（英）试卷第7页（共8页）得分43WHATISMORPHOLOGY