四川省2015高考英语人教版一轮讲义：必修1Unit3（2）

四川省2015高考英语人教版一轮讲义：必修1 Unit 3（2）【广东省深圳市2014高考英语第一次调研考试】读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。By JesseWhat a bad day today! Tom suddenly fell ill and was sent to hospital by my neighbors. The doctor said he has been suffering lung cancer and his life is in danger! Everybody was shocked and felt a pity for this good man.Tom, who is a famous writer about 40 years old, lives just next door. He is kind and worm-hearted and always ready to give a helping hand to others when in need, so he enjoys great popularity in our neighborhood. He often came to my house to tell me how to write stories and encourage me with his own experience. He told me he was born in a poor family. As a little boy, he had a dream to become a famous writer. He overcame thousands of difficulties to have entered a university. After graduation, he began to publish story books, and up till now, he is very famous around the country. Unfortunately, when he was young, he just got into the habit of smoking and became a heavy smoker, which has ended up as an invisible killer of his health. 【写作内容】1以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。2以约120个词就“Health and Cause”为题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：（1）邻居们为汤姆感到惋惜的原因是什么？（2）你从汤姆身上学到了什么?（3）你对身体健康与事业的看法。【写作要求】1作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不能直接引用原文中的句子。2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。来源:Z&xx&k.Com【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。【参考范文】读写任务（共1小题，满分25分） Health and CauseTom, a kind and hardworking professional writer, suddenly fell ill, and was suffering from lung cancer due to the bad habit of smoking, which shocked his neighbors and made them feel sorry.All the neighbors felt it a pity for Tom because he is really a promising writer. He is so young and maybe it is just the beginning of his great career. Moreover, his great personality has gained their sincere respect. Unfortunately, the deadly cancer will stop him from his work. Tom has always been my good model, because he is so nice and outstanding in his career, but life was not easy for him on the way to being a successful writer. His strong will has helped him to have overcome so many setbacks to realize his dream, and this is what I should learn from him.From Toms story, we understand better that physical health and career are both important. Anyway, health should come first, without which we can achieve nothing. But if a man is just strong in body but has no ambitions for career, his life will become aimless and worthless. Therefore, we should have the right attitude towards career and health.写作评分标准第二节：读写任务一、评分原则1、本试题总分为25分，分两部分给分 短文概括5分 主题写作 20分。2、强调内容健康，观点鲜明，说服力强，表述清晰。可参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。3、评分时，选根据文章语言的规范、内容的合适及篇章的连贯性初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。来源:学_科_网4、语言规范：拼写与标点符号是语言规范的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5、如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。二、内容要点1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。2. 以约120个词就“Health and Cause”为题谈谈你的想法，内容包括： 1）邻居们为汤姆感到惋惜的原因是什么？ 2）你从汤姆身上学到了什么？ 3）你对身体健康与事业的看法。 3、写作要求： 归纳完整，表述清晰。 观点鲜明，说服力强。三、各档次的给分范围和要求：读写任务的评分标准项目分值评分标准概来源:Zxxk.Com括来源:Zxxk.Com5来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K按照要求概括了原文的全部主要信息，没有增加与原文无关的信息，没有照抄原文的句子。语言结构正确，行文规范。4基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，没有增加与原文无关的信息，没有照抄原文的句子。语言结构正确，行文规范。3基本按照要求概括了原文的主要信息，但包含一些不相关的信息，有个别句子抄自原文。语言结构基本正确，行文比较规范。2不能按照要求概括原文的主要信息，包含较多不相关的信息，有较多的抄袭。语言结构不够准确，行文不够规范。0-1没有按照要求概括原文的主要信息，基本是不相关的信息，大多数句子都抄自原文。语言结构不准确，行文不规范。写作18-20包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，内容丰富。词汇丰富，用词得当。能有效运用合适语言结构，而且没有（或极少）语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性好。14-17包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，个别内容不准确或不相关。词汇较丰富，有个别用词错误。较好地运用了合适的语言结构，有少许语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。11-13包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题比较明确，个别内容不准确或者不相关。词汇较丰富，有个别用词错误。较好地运用了合适的语言结构，有少许语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。7-10包含题目所给的部分内容要点。主题基本明确，有些内容不准确或者不相关。词汇有限，有较多的用词错误。语言结构出现较多的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性一般。4-6只包含题目所给的个别内容要点。多数内容不相关或者不准确。文章有些地方照抄源文。词汇贫乏，有较多的用词错误。大多数的句子出现语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性差。1-3只包含与题目所给要点内容有关的一些单词。主题不明确，文章基本照抄原文。词汇极其贫乏，基本不能正确用词。几乎没有正确的句子。篇章结构零乱。0以下几种情况，给0分：1）完全抄袭原文（或其它文章）2）文不对题3）只写一些零散的单词，完全没有表达完整的内容Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，就没有什么能使她改变(她的心意)。once在此处为从属连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦就”。Failure can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it.一旦你学会了利用失败，那么失败就能为你的生活作出积极的贡献。Once_you_form_a_bad_habit，its very difficult to get rid of it.一旦养成了坏习惯，你就很难改掉它。Once you have made your promise，you should keep it.一旦你许下诺言，就得遵守诺言。When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。the air would be hard to breathe是“主语beadj.不定式”结构，其中the air是breathe的逻辑宾语。A man who is so difficult to please must be hard to work with.一个很难取悦的人一定很难与之共事。I like getting up early in summer.The morning air is_so_good_to_breathe.在夏季我喜欢早点起来。能呼吸到早上的新鲜空气真好。(2012浙江卷)No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better to_remain_silent.不管你多么能言善辩，但有时候还是保持沉默更好。 使用beadj.to do结构须具备两个前提条件：(1)不定式作状语，修饰作表语的形容词。(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。The armchair looks rather hard，but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.这扶手椅看上去很硬，但事实上坐上去很舒服。Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。insist意为“坚持要求；坚决主张”，后接宾语从句。宾语从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语结构为should动词原形，should可以省略。The school insisted that a good school should_have_strict_rules and regulations.校方坚持主张一个好的学校应该有严格的规章制度。(1)当insist其后接宾语从句，其内容为“一种说法，看法或事实”时，从句则不采用虚拟语气，而是要用陈述语气。(2)insist on doing sth.坚持做某事The boss insisted that the man had stolen the money and insisted that he (should)_leave_the_company at once.老板坚持说那个人偷了钱并坚决要求他立刻离开公司。She insists on all her employees coming to the Christmas lunch she gives every year. 她坚持要求所有员工都参加她每年一次的圣诞午餐。.完成句子1尽管我告诉他我住在附近，这个人坚持给我找一辆出租车。The man_for me even though I told him I lived nearby.答案：insisted on finding a taxi2他坚持要骑车上班，我最后只能向他让步。_，and I finally had to give in to him.答案：He insisted that he should cycle to work3尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。Although the lady looks elegant，actually she_ _.答案：is hard to get along with.单项填空1(2014南京四校阶段调研)The text is too difficult.The explanation of our teacher will help make it easy_.Ato understand Bto be understoodCunderstood Dunderstanding解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：这篇文章太难了，我们老师的解释会使它易于理解。此处用动词不定式的主动表示被动。此种用法常用于“makeit性质形容词不定式”结构中，此类形容词有easy，hard，interesting等。答案：A2(2012辽宁卷)This machine is very easy_.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operating CoperatedDto operate解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“这台机器很容易操作，任何人都能在几分钟内学会使用它”。这里用“主语be 动词形容词不定式”结构，此时不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。答案：D3(2014南宁高三质检)The old man insisted that I_his wallet and that I_to the police station with him.Ahad taken；goBtake；should goCwould take；had goneDshould take；go解析：考查insist的用法。句意为：那个老人坚持认为我拿了他的钱包，他坚持让我跟他一起去警察局。insist作“坚持认为”，即坚持事实时，后面宾语从句不用虚拟语气；作“坚持；主张”讲时，后面宾语从句用虚拟语气，即“(should)do sth.”。答案：A4Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention_before class.Ato underlinedBwas underlinedCto be underlinedDto being underlined解析：考查虚拟语气。分析句子结构可知，worth paying attention to作the key words的后置定语，在句中属于干扰成分，将其去掉后，便能明确地看到insist后从句的谓语为(should) be underlined。答案：C5(2013北京西城区5月查漏补缺)Ballet is amazing；_you go，you are likely to find yourself going again and again.AasBonceCunlessDwhile解析：考查连词。句意为：芭蕾舞剧太神奇了。一旦你去看过一次，你就会不由自主地一次次地再去看。根据句意可知，once“一旦”正确。答案：Bdisadvantage n不利条件；不便之处 advantage n有利条件；优势put sb.at a disadvantage使某人处于不利地位take advantage of利用She took advantage of the childrens absence to tidy their rooms.她趁孩子们不在时，收拾了他们的房间。schedule n时间表；进度表；vt.为某事安排时间ahead of schedule提前on schedule按时间表；准时be scheduled to do sth.预定做某事The Prime Minister was scheduled to arrive at noon.首相定于中午到达。【写作素材】1邻居老王说服我们和他一起去旅游。 2他很靠得住，关注准备工作的每个细节。3他选择了路线，找了交通工具并且制定了日程表。4就我个人而言，旅游不仅使我们强身健体而且丰富我们的生活。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】Our neighbor Mr Wang persuaded us to join in his journey.He was quite reliable and cared about details of the preparation work.He chose the route，found the transport and made the schedule.As far as Im concerned，travelling can not only build up our body but also enrich our life.现在进行时1(2013山东省胶东示范学校二模)Chinas labor supply will continue to rise，despite the fact that the workingage population_.Ahas decrease Bwas decreasingCwill be decreasingDis decreasing解析：考查时态。句意为：中国的劳动力供给将继续增长，尽管处于工作年龄段的人口在减少。由the fact可知，此处指现阶段正在发生的事，应用现在进行时。答案：D2(2014湖南省岳阳模拟)Professor Wang，shall I go to your office to ask for your advice about my article this afternoon?Dont come to my office this afternoon.I_an experiment at that ti