高二英语language-points课件4

,虚拟语气,一、什么是虚拟语气？,虚拟语气表示所叙述的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、建议、猜测或使语气婉转。,二、虚拟语气的应用,1、虚拟语气在条件从句中的应用,1）与现在事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.,一般过去时,would,should,could,might+动词原形,注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用was.,1)Ifhe_todoso,hecouldfindthetime.wantsB.wantedC.wouldwantD.haswanted3)IfI_abird,I_veryhappy.were,wouldbeB.am,shallbeC.am,wouldbeD.were,shallbe,B,A,2）与将来事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseeafilm.IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday,hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall.IfIweretobetwentynextyear,Icouldtakethecourse.,1）一般过去时,would,should,could,might+动词原形,2）should+动词原形,3)wereto+动词原形,Ifhe_inadayortwo,Iwouldwaitforhim.A.returnsB.shouldhavereturnedC.weretoreturnD.hadreturned2)Idontthinkhewillattendtheparty.Butifhe_theparty,whatwouldhewear?A.shouldattendB.wouldattendC.attendD.hadattended,C,A,3)与过去事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldhaveseenher.,had+动词的过去分词,would,should,could,might+have+动词的过去分词,Ifyou_thedoctorsadvice,youwouldhaverecoveredalready.A.followedB.wouldfollowC.followD.hadfollowed2)IdidntknowSmithwascominguntilnow.Ifyouhadletmeknowyesterday,I_totheairporttomeethim.A.wouldhavegoneB.wouldgoC.willhavegoneD.willgo,D,A,3)What_lastnightifyou_todoyourwashing?A.wouldyoudo,hadnthadB.wouldyouhavedone,hadnthadC.wouldyoudo,didnthaveD.wouldyouhavedone,didnthave4)IfIhadhurried,thetrain_.A.wouldcatchB.wouldhavecaughtC.hadcaughtD.wouldhavebeencaught,B,D,HadIhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.,=IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.,4）在虚拟语气的条件从句中如果有were,should,had，可以省略if，但要把这三个单词提前，构成倒装句。,_today,hewouldgetthereonFriday.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheisleaving,C,5）含蓄虚拟语气有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用if引导，而用butfor,without,ifonly,otherwise等词。Butforyourhelp,IcouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.Withoutair,wecouldntlive.3)Ifonlytheweatherwerefine.4)Ihadbeentherebytaxi,otherwiseIwouldhavemissedthetrain.,以butfor,without开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if的主句的一致。,以Ifonly开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if从句的一致。,_theirassistance,hewouldhavetoleadaverymiserablelife,hemightevenstarvetodeath.A.WithB.ButforC.WithoutforD.Ifnot2)Hedidhisbestineverything,_hewouldnothavebeenwhathewas.A.andB.butC.otherwiseD.butthat,B,C,6)有时虚拟条件从句与主句的时间不一致，出现混合虚拟语气结构。,Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice,hewouldbewell.IfIwereyouIwouldnothavegonetoseethefilmyesterday.,在混合虚拟语气结构中，从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。,IfIhadstudiedEnglishlastyear,I_abletospeakitnow.A.couldbeB.couldhavebeenC.shouldbeD.wouldhavebeen2)Ifyou_withGeorgeyesterdaymorning,youwouldnotbesoangrynow.A.talkedB.hadtalkedC.couldtalkD.weretotalk,D,B,ShetalkedaboutAmericaasifhehadbeenbornthere.Hesingsasthoughhewereasinger.,2、由asif或asthough引导的状语从句，其谓语动词用一般过去式或had+done。,1)Heappearsasthoughhe_anItalian.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.be2)Itseemsasifhe_thereyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen,A,D,3、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用,1）wish+宾语从句IwishIwereadoctor.IwishIshouldgoabroadnextyear.3)IwishIhadseenthefootballmatch.,与现在事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。,与将来事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用should,would,could,might+动词原形。,与过去事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时或couldhavedone。,DidyouseeRosebeforeshewenttoEngland?-No.IwishI_her.A.seeB.sawC.hadseenD.shouldsee2)Joehasthreesisters,doesnthe?-Nowonderhewisheshe_abrother.A.hadB.willhaveC.haveD.canhave3)MaybePaulawillbringusgoodnewsaboutouttests.-Iwishshe_.A.doesB.bringsitC.willD.would,C,A,D,2)一坚持insist二命令ordercommand三建议advisesuggestpropose四要求demanddesirerequestrequire在从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略。Theteachersuggestedthatoursportsmeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.Theheadmasterorderedthatallofthestudents(should)behereontime.Heinsistedthatwe(should)attendthemeeting.,Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)visitthefarm.Hisorderisthatthestudents(should)makeaplan.,注意：insist,suggest后接的宾语从句不用虚拟语气的情况。,sheinsistedthatshewasright.2)Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy.,当insist的意思是坚持已发生的事实时，后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气。,当suggest的意思是暗示、表明时，后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气。,Wedemandedthathe_thebillbytheendofthemonth.A.wouldpayB.payC.paidD.hadpaid2)-DidyourfathergotoNewYork?-No,hisdoctorsuggestedthathe_.A.notgoB.isntgoingC.didntgoD.wontgo3)Hissayingsuggestedhe_withherwords.A.notagreeB.didntagreeC.hadntagreeD.doesntagree,B,A,B,4)IveheardthatJohnwrotealonglettertothepresident.-Hisuncleinsistedthathe_it.A.didB.haddoneC.doD.woulddo5)IinsistedthatI_myhomeworklastnight.A.didB.haddoneC.doD.woulddo,A,B,4）记住下面几个句型：（1）Itis+adj.+that从句中从句的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形常用的adj.:important,strange,natural,necessary,apity等。,（2)在Itsabout/hightimethat句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时.Itstimethatwehadaclass.,3.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktoday.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktomorrow.Idratheryouhadfinishedtheworkyesterday.,在wouldrather句型中，(1)与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时；(2)与现在、将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。,Itisapitythathe_suchagoldenopportunity.A.missedB.missingC.hadmissedD.shouldmiss2)Itsabouttimethatyou_yourstore.A.closeB.closedC.haveclosedD.hadclosed,D,B,3)Itisnecessarythatanefficientworker_hisworkontime.A.accomplishesB.couldaccomplishC.accomplishD.hasaccomplished4)Idrathershe_tomorrowthantoday.A.comeB.cameC.shouldcomeD.hascome,C,B,历年高