新概念第二册第20课

Lesson20,OnemaninaBoat,【Newwordsandexpressions】,catchkatv.抓到（caught;caught)catchfish,catchathiefcatchthebus赶车catchonesattention吸引某人注意力catchfire着火catchacold染上感冒catchsb.doingsth.抓住某人做某事eg.Thelittleboywascaughtstealingapplesfromthegarden,fishermann.钓鱼人，渔民,1)fish鱼（pl.)单复数同形Theycaughtmanyfishthatmorning.2)fishes不同种类的鱼3）v.钓鱼gofishingIlike/enjoyfishing。,(复数.fishermen),wastewestvt./n.浪费,1)wastevt.浪费Youarewastingtime.Dontwasteyourtimeandmoney.2)wasten.浪费awasteof对的浪费Itisawasteoftime/money/food.wastebasket废纸篓（美）wastepaperbasket废纸篓（英）,realizerlzv.意识到,1）认识到，意识到（无被动语态，不用进行时态，人做主语。）realizeonesmistakeHerealizedthathemadeamistake.2)实现（计划等）（可用于主动，也可用于被动）realizeoneshope/dream/planHerealizedhisdreamatlast.Hisdreamwasrealizedatlast.,Listenandanswer,Whatisthewritersfavoritesport?Doesevercatchanything?Ishereallyinterestedinfishing?,Fishingismyfavoritesport.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.Butthisdoesnotworryme.Somefishermenareunlucky.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanything-notevenoldboots.Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.Youmustgiveupfishing!myfriendssay.Itsawasteoftime.Buttheydontrealizeoneimportantthing.Imnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!,【课文讲解】,Fishingismyfavouritesport.动词ing(动名词)：1.做主语；2.做宾语favouriteadj.“最喜欢的”无比较级，最高级RedandBlackismyfavouritebook.n.心爱的人(物)，最喜爱的东西Thatsongisoneofhisfavourites.Sheisherauntsfavourite.,Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.,withoutprep.没有（可放句首，句尾）prep+n./v.-ing/pron.Hewentoutwithoutsayinganything.Icannotlivewithoutyou.Fishcannotlivewithoutwater.,Butthisdoesnotworryme.worryv.使担心,worrysb.使担心困扰某人Mylittledaughterworriedmealot.,beworriedabout对感到担心Iwasworriedaboutmylittledaughter.,Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.,insteadof“而不是“（可置于句首句尾）Igotoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.Ilikericeinsteadofnoodles.He,insteadofI,willgotothebookstore.,insteadof+n./pron./v.-ing,Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.,after(conj.)+从句，从句主语和主句的主语需一致才能换成下面一种形式after(prep.)+名词动词的ing形式AfterIgotoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.Aftergoingtoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.Afterthestudentshandedintheirpapers,theteacherleft.spendtime/money/energyonsth.spendtime/money/energy(in)doingsth.,Youmustgiveupfishing!myfriendssay.Itsawasteoftime.,giveup放弃giveupfishing/smoking/fighting,its与its的区别,its是itis的缩写，its式形容词物主代词“它的”,Itsacoldday.Itisrainingtoo.Thecatdrankitsmilk.Thisenginehaslostitspower.,Imnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!,beinterestedinsth./doingsth.Everyoneisinterestedinbeauties,interesting令人感兴趣的（一般物做主语）,Fishingisnotinteresting.,excited/excitingsurprised/surprisingdisappointed/disappointing,ing形式表示令人感到ed形式表示自己感到,KeytoSummarywriting,Fishingisthewritersfavouritesport.Someunluckyfishermencatcholdbootsandrubbish.Thewriterisnotsolucky.Henevercatchesanything.Heisnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Sittinginaboatanddoingnothingatallistheonlythingthatinterestshim.,Tellthestory:,1.Fishingfavouriteaport2.oftenhoursanything3.someunlucky4.Insteadfishbootsrubbish5.Iless6.neverevenboots7.wholemorningsriverhomeempty8.giveupfriendswaste9.dontrealizeimportantthing10.onlysittingnothing,Multiplechoicequestions,1-b2-b3-b4-b5-c6-b7-c8-a9-c10-c11-d12-a,关键句型动名词,1）动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式；2）v.+ing形式;3)它在句中其名词的作用，可单独或引起短语作主语，表语，动词宾语，或介词的宾语以及定语。）,V-ing形式作主语往往表示抽象、笼统的动作或泛指某动作或行为。如：a.)Gettingupearlyisagoodhabit.b.)FishingisTomsfavoritehobby.c.)Cryingoverspiltmilkisnouse.d.)Arguingwithhimisawasteoftime.,Subject,注：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如：Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(抽象)Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswasnouse.(具体)在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列几种情况中不能互换：a.当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如：Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.,b.动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替：ItsnousedoingItsnogooddoingItsawasteoftimedoing,例如：Itsnousegoingtheretoday;hewontbeathome.Itsawasteoftimearguingaboutit.,而在Itsimportant/Itsnecessary/Itsadvisable/Itsessential/Itsfitting这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：Itsimportanttolearnforeignlanguages.Itsquitenecessarytoreaditmanytimes.,3)V-ing形式作表语(放在系动词之后,泛指某种动作或行为,常用来说明主语的身份、内容或特点。)如：a.)Myjobistestingallkindsofsoftware.b.)Thepurposeofmyletterisadvisingyoutodomoresports.c.)Hisgreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.d.)Seeingisbelieving.,Predictive,注：动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别：动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯；不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作，试比较：Myfavouritesportisswimming.Thefirstthingforustodoistoimproveourpronunciation.,注：动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别：动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、状态等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用very,quite等副词来修饰，如：Myjobislookingafterthechildren.Ourdutyisservingthepeopleheartandsoul.Thesituationisencouraging.Thiscakeisveryinviting.Thevolleyballmatchwewatchedwasveryexciting.,2)V-ing形式作宾语a.)Shesattherewithoutspeaking.b.)Davidisinterestedindriving.c.)DoyoumindturningontheTV?d.)Bettyenjoyslisteningtopopmusic.,Object,能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类：一类是只能用动名词作宾语的动词，其中有：avoid,admit,consider,delay,advise,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,mind等，如：Maryisconsideringchangingherjob.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Wouldyoumindringingmeuptomorrow?另一类是既可以用动名词，又可以用不定式作宾语的动词，其中有：continue,forget,hate,intend,like,love,plan,prefer,propose,regret,remember,start,try,want,need,cantafford等。,B.在need,want,deserve等后，可用动名词的主动式表示被动含义，或用不定式的被动式，意义上无差别。但用动名词较为普遍，（这时主语一般是物），如：Thedoorneedsoiling/tobeoiled.C.有的动词尽管可以用两种结构，但意义明显不同，须认真加以区别：IforgottoclosethedoorbeforeIlefttheroom.Iforgothavingclosedthedoor.Hetriedtowritebetter.(尽量努力地写)Hetriedwritingwithabrush.(用毛笔试着写)Icouldnthelpfinishingit.(不能不结束某事)Icouldnthelpstofinishit.(不能帮助结束某事)Theyleftofffishing.(停止去钓鱼)Theyleftofftofish.(离开某处出发去钓鱼)Iregrettosaythatthereisnowineinthebottle.(对现在要发生的事表示遗憾、抱歉)Iregretnottakingyouradvice.(后悔),练习题：,用括号内动词的适当形式填空：,_(listen)topopmusicissomethingheenjoys.Theworkersleftafter_(finish)thework.After_(spend)themoney,hewrotetohisfather.Youshouldapologizetoyourteacherfor_(come)late.Wecanlearnhowtowriteby_(read).Dontbeafraidof_(ask)questions.Areyouinterestedin_(play)volleyball?Helefthomewithout_(lock)thedoor.,Listening,finishing,havingspent/spending,coming,reading,asking,playing,locking,9._(teach)Englishismyjob.10.Whydoesheenjoy_(walk)inrain?11.Heapologizedfor_(nothand)inthehomeworkontime.12.I