人教新课标版高二选修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions-Reading

Reading,Lead-in,Telephonesbecomepartofourlife.Butdoyouknowwhoinventedthetelephone?,ABritishinventorcalledAlexanderGrahamBell.,Discussthefollowingquestionsingroups:1.Whatdoyouknowabouttheinventor?2.Howusefulishisinventiontohumansociety?Why?,Pre-reading,Readthepassagequicklyandfindoutthemainideaofit.,Scanning,ItmainlytalksaboutthelifeofAlexanderGrahamBellandhowhemadethegreatinventions.,ListentothetapeandtrytoanswerthequestionsonPage26.1.HowdidcuriositymakeAlexanderGrahamBellintoagreatinventor?2.Whatdidhethinkwasthekeytohissuccessasaninventor?,Listening,3.WhatinventionsdidBellmakebychance?4.Whywillhealwaysbeknownastheinventorofthetelephone?,1.HowdidcuriositymakeAlexanderGrahamBellintoagreatinventor?,Itmadehimaskquestions,thinkofpracticalwaystosolvesproblems,bepreparedtotrysolutions(andalterthem)severaltimesandfinallypublishhisfindingsforothers.,2.Whatdidhethinkwasthekeytohissuccessasaninventor?Hebelievedthathiscuriositywasthekeytohissuccess.,3.WhatinventionsdidBellmakebychance?Bellinventedthetelephoneandthetetrahedronshapebychance.Bothoftheseareextremelyusefulandstillusedtoday.,4.Whywillhealwaysbeknownastheinventorofthetelephone?Hewillalwaysbeknownastheinventorofthetelephonebecauseitwasaverypopularinventionandthepatentmadethemostmoneyever.,Languagestudy,1.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismothersforehead,hecouldmakethebonesmoveinsuchawaythatshecouldunderstandwhathewassaying.他发现当他把嘴唇放在母亲的前额上，他就会让骨头以一种能让他母亲明白的话的方式运动。,这是一个复合句。found后接了一个宾语从句;way后面接了由that引导的定语从句，在这个定语从句中又包含了一个what引导的宾语从句。注意way作先行词,后面的定语从句一般不用引导词,也可用that/inwhich引导。,Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich,2.Hebelievedthatoneshouldalwaysbecuriousandhismostfamoussayingwas:“Leavethebeatentrackoccasionallyanddiveintothewoods.Everytimeyoudoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.,Allreallybigdiscoveriesaretheresultofthought.”他认为人应该保持一颗好奇心，他最著名的一名话是:“偶尔离开平路，去寻求困境。当你这么做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。所有真正伟大的发现都是思考的结果。”,diveintoHedivedintothehistoryofChina他潜心研究中国历史。Hedivedintohispocketsandfishedoutonedollar他迅速把手伸进口袋掏出了一美元。,跳水(头朝下)；迅速把手伸入；(对活动，问题等)全心投入，潜心研究,Theboydivedintotheriverfromthebridge这男孩从桥上跳人河中。diveinto作“潜心于”讲时和devoteoneselftosth.的意思一样，但devoteoneselftosth.还有“投身于;把自己奉献给”的意思。,He_hiscareerandmadeagreatcontributiontoourcountry.A.divedhimselfintoB.devotedhimselftoC.divedintoD.devotedto,every/eachtime意为“每次;每当”,此短语在句子中经常作连记词,引导时间状语从句做连词的名词,引导时间状语从句。能用做连词的名词短语还有：thefirsttime第一次lasttime上次；nexttime下次；theinstant/moment/minute/secondthat一就,_Iseeshim,theoldmanissittinginthesamechair.A.EverytimeB.EverytimewhenC.AteachtimeD.Eachtimethat,3.Bellneversetouttoinventthetelephoneandwhathewastryingtodesignwasamultipletelegraph.贝尔从未打算发明电话而是试图设计一种复式电报。,setout(todosth.)开始（做某事）,着手干;为某个目标而努力Theyaresettingouttodoanewexperiment.他们正在着手干一项新的试验。Hesetouttobreaktherecordforthechannelswim.他决心打破游过海峡的记录。,setouttodosth.=setaboutdoingsth.setoutfor=setofffor=leavefor意为“出发到去”Letssetoutbeforedark.我们天黑前动身吧。TomorrowIllsetoutforBeijing.明天我将出发去北京。,1.Atdawn,theyset_togetreadyfortheworkoftheday.A.offB.aboutC.outD.in,2.Theyset_atabout8oclock.A.abouttoworkB.abouttoworkingC.aboutworkingD.outwork,3.They_themountainatnoon.A.setofftoB.setouttoC.setoutforD.setoffin,4.Suddenlyhehadaflashofinspiration.突然间,他灵光闪现。,aflashofinspiration指“灵感的闪现”inspirationn.C鼓舞或激励的人或事物Theseeventsprovidedtheinspirationforherfirstbook.这些事是她第一本书的灵感来源。,U灵感,启发；,Hesaidmysisterwastheinspirationforhisheroine.他说我姐姐是他的女主人公的原型。drawinspirationfrom从中吸取灵感inspirev.激励；鼓励inspiredadj.借助于灵感创作的inspiringadj.鼓励人心的；激励的,5.Ifsoundwavecouldbereproducedinamovingelectricalcurrent,theycouldbesentalongawire.如果声波能够在移动的电流中复制,它们就能够被沿电线传送。,reproducevt.复制;再现的形象或声音Thetaperecorderreproducedthesymphony.录音机可使这交响曲重现。,current(1)n.气流;水流,洋流;电流Thecurrentisstrongestinthemiddleoftheriver河中央的水流最急。Thisbuttonswitchesthecurrenton这个电钮接通电流。,(2)adj.时下的,当今的,流行的,通用的Mostoftheoldareinterestedincurrentevents大部分老年人都对时事感兴趣。Theyareexpectingprofitsofover$2millioninthecurrentyear他们期望今年的利润超过二百万美元。Thewordisnolongerincurrentuse.这个词已不再使用。,6.Beingverystable,ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.(四面体)十分稳定牢固,在桥梁设计领域的价值难以估量。,Beingverystable,是Becauseitisverystable的省略句,它在句中作原因状语。,stable:1.Thepatientsconditionisstable.患者病情稳定。2.Theladderdoesntseemverystable.这架梯子好像不太稳。astablerelationship稳定的关系,adj.firmlyfixed;notlikelytomove,changeorfail;steady稳固的；稳定的；牢固的,7.Althoughhewillalwaysbeknownforhisinventionofthetelephone,hewasintruthacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybodyslife.虽然他一直以发明电话闻名于世,但是他的确是一个永不停息的探索者,不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的可行方法。,intruth说实话;说真的;老实说Shelaughedandchattedbutwas,intruth,nothavingmuchfun.她虽然又是笑又是侃,但实际上玩得并不开心。Iwasintruthamiracle.这确实是个奇迹。,practical实际的;实践的;实用的Iwantsomepracticaladvice.我想要些实际性的建议。Itwouldntbepracticalforustogoallthatwayjustfortheweekend.我们跑那么远只为了去度个周末实在很不切实际。Thedictionaryisverypractical.这本词典非常实用。,UsingLanguageListeningandspeaking,ZhouRuihasdecidedtodoaprojectonalivingBritishinventorcalledJamesDyson.SohetelephonedDysonscompanyinEnglandtointerviewoneofitsengineersaboutthegreatmansideas.,Situation,1.Listentothetapeandtickthewordsyouhear.,washingmachinedrumrefrigeratorcourtcarpetcleanerbicycle,Washingmachinesatthattimedonotcleantheclothesaswellasbyhand.,Heinventedamachineusingtwohalfdrumswhichmoveinoppositedirections.,2.ListenagainandmakenotesonJamesDysonsinvention.,Listeningtext,GOODDESIGNISPRACTICALZhouRuiismakingatelephonecalltoanengineerwhoworksforJanesDyson,afamousBritishinventor.,DS:Hello.CanIspeaktoZhouRui,please?ThisisDrSmith.ZR:Gookmorning,DrSmith.Howkindofyoutoringmeback?Doyouthinkyoucanacceptmyphoneinterviewnow?ImveryinterestedinJamesDysonsinventionsandideas.,DS:Sure.Imhappytospeakaboutourcompanyanditsfounder,JamesDyson.Heisnotaninventorwhomakessomethingentirelynew.Hetakeseverydayproducts,likewashingmachines,andmakesthemworkbetter.,ZR:Isee.Howdidheimprovethewashingmachine?DS:Hefoundthatclotheswerenotascleanfromawashingmachineasthosewashedbyhand.ZR:Really?Isthattrue?,DS:Yes,becausemostmachineshadonelargedrumandtheclotheswentroundandroundinit.ZR:Sowhatcanyoudotoimprovethat?DS:Thisisthecleverpart.JamesDysoninventedasystemwithtwodrumsinthesamemachine.,Togethertheyarethesamesizeastheolddrumbutworkdifferently.Onedrumgoesinonedirectionandtheothergoesintheother.Soitsmorelikehand-washingandtheclothescomeoutcleaner.ZR:Wasiteasytodesign?,DS:No.IttookmanyworkingmodelsbeforeMrDysonwascontentwiththeresult.ZR:Howlongdidittakehim?DS:Imnotsure.ButIknowthatwhenheinventedanewcarpetcleanerittookfiveyearstodesignandover5,000testsbeforehewassatisfied.,ZR:Wow!Ididntrealizeittooksolong.DS:Oh,therearemoreproblemsevenafteryougetthepatent.Forexample,duringtheearlyyearsJamesDysonfoundthatalargecompanymakingcarpetcleanersinAmericawas,copyinghisideas.Hehadtogotothecourttoprotecthisinvention.ZR:Ihopehewon.DS:Yes,intheendthatcompanyhadtopayusalotofmoneybecausetheyhadusedourideasillegally.Itwasanimportantdayforus.,ZR:WhatnewideasdoesJamesDysonhave?DS:Imsorrybutyoulljusthavetowaitandsee!ZR:ThankyouandImafraidIshallhavetoringoffnow.Goodbye.DS:Goodbye.,3.YouwanttoapplyforajobinJamesDysonscompany.Soyouringuponeofhisengineerstoaskwhatkindofpersonheneeds.Remembertoaskforasmuchinformationasyoucan.Heresomephrasesthatmaybeusefulforyoutomakeatelephonecall:,Dialogue,Holdtheline,please.Hangon,please.Justamoment,please.Imsorry,butthisphoneisoutoforder.Icantgetthrough.Sorry.He/Sheisnthererightnow.CanIringbacklater?Illringhim/herupagain.Imustringoffnowbecause,S:Hello,isthatJamesDysonscompany?E:Yes,Whosthat?S:ThisisLiPing.Isthatthepersonnelmanager?,Sampledialogue:,(S-student;E-engineer),E:Justamoment,please.Sorry.Heisnthererightnow.CanItakeamessage?S:No,thanks.MaybeIllringhimagainsomeothertime.Bytheway,mayIaskyousomequestions?E:Sure,goahead.,S:IwanttoapplyforajobinyourcompanyandIwanttoaskwhatkindofpersonyouneed.E:Well,asfarasIknow,weneedsomeskilledworkerswhoaregoodatmachineryandhaveagoodknowledgeofrepairingsomeelectricalequipmentusedat,home,forexamplewashingmachine,refrigerator,electricfanandsoon.S:Arewegraduatesneededinsomedepartmentsinyourcompany?E:Itshardtosaynow.Maybeyouwillhavesomechancetoworkandlearninsomedepartment,butyouhavetowaitandsee.lfyouarefree,youmaycallthepersonnelmanageratthreeoclockthisafternoon.S:OK,Iwill.Bytheway,howmuchwillIgetifIcanworkasyourcolleague?E:Usuallytheaveragesalaryfornew-comersis$2,000permonth.And,youmaygetariseifyouprogresswellorhavesomeinventioninyourwork.S:Well,Iknow.lmustringoffnowbecauseIhavetogobackhomeforlunch.Thanksalot.Bye!E:Goodbyeandgoodluck!,Writing,NowwritealettertoJamesDysonaskinghimforajobinhiscompany.Hereisthebeginningandending:,DearMrDyson,Iwouldliketoapplytobecomeanassistantinyourcompany.Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsideremployingmeinyourcompany.Yourssincerely,(yourname),Usetheli