Cloning Where is it Leading us.ppt

Reading,Cloning:,cloning,Reading,Whereisitleadingus?,Book8unit2,isonethatoccursinanaturalformofcloningwithouthumanhelp.,isonethatisproducedthroughhumanintervention(介入).,Warmingup,Twokindsofclones:,Naturalclone,Man-madeclone,Inpairs,lookatthesepicturesanddiscusswhichonesarenaturalclonesandwhichonesareman-made.Explainhowtheydiffer.,discussion,Astrawberryplant,Thenewplantsthatgrowfromtherunnersareexactcopiesoftheoriginalplant.,Naturalclone,一株草莓依靠它沿地“爬走”的匍匐茎,一年内就能长出数百株草莓苗,Astrawberryplant,Theplantproducesitsownrunners.,Growingnewplants,Man-madeclone,AstemTakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones.,富贵竹插枝即活,Thegardenercutstheplant,andthenthecuttingproducesanothernewplant.,Man-madeclone,富贵竹插枝即活,仙人掌每块落地就生根,Twins,Theyarebornnaturallyandidenticalinsexandappearance.,Naturalclone,Dolly是世界上第一例用体细胞乳腺上皮细胞,通过细胞核移植技术,在复杂的人工操作下,得到的一只小绵羊。,Shewasclonedwhiletheotherswerebornnaturally.Dollywasa_sheep.,cloned,HowdoesDollydifferfromothersheep?,Man-madeclone,In1996,asheepcalledDollywasborn.Itisthefirstmammaltobecloned.Itisconsideredtobethegreatestsuccessinthedevelopmentofcloning.,Thefollowingaresomephotosaboutcloning.Seehowmuchyouknowaboutit.,2001cloningcattle,2003Cloninghorse,cloningrabbits,2002cloningcats,2005cloningdogs,克隆的荧光小猪(左)和正常小猪(右),Inpairsdiscusswhatyouunderstandaboutcloning.Thenlistthequestionsyouwanttofindout.Shareyourlistswithoneanother.,Pre-reading,Questionsaboutcloning,1.Whatisaclone?,Acloneisgroupofcellsororganismsthataregeneticallyidenticalandhavebeenproducedasexually(无性生殖/繁殖)fromthesameoriginalcell.Theyincludenaturalandman-madeclones.,Clone,alsocalledreproduceasexually(无性生殖/繁殖),isthecreationofcellsorwholeanimalsusingDNAfromasingle“parent”,withoutusingthenormalreproductive(有性生殖)process.TheclonehastheexactlysameDNAtotheparent.Itincludesnaturalandman-madeclone.,2.Howisacloneproduced?,Thecloningofplantsissimpleandrelativelyeasy.Itcanbedonebytakingcuttings(man-madecloning)orlettingtheplantproduceitsownrunners(naturalcloning).Thecloningofanimalsismorecomplicated.Itwasnotachieveduntil1996andisfullyexplainedinthefirstreading.,3.Whatbenefitscanhumansgainfromcloning?,1)Medicalcloningcanhelpcureseriousillnessesthatruinonesqualityoflife(suchasParkinsonsdisease帕金森症orAlzheimersdisease老年痴呆症).2)Itcanhelpinfertilepeoplehavebabies.,4.Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?,1)Peoplemaywanttoclonethemselvessotheycanliveforever.2)Peoplemaywanttoclonedeadchildren.3)Peoplemaywanttoclonetheirfavoritepets.,Skimming,Pleasereadthepassagequicklyandgetthemainidea,andthenfinishthefollowingexercisesingroups.,Themainideaofthetextis_A.animalcloningisveryvaluableandcanbenefittheworld.B.animalcloningcouldbemisusedbybadpeoplesoitmustbeforbiddenC.animalcloningiswelldevelopedbecauseDollythesheepwasborn.D.animalcloningraisedargumentsandscientistsarenotsureaboutitsfuture.,主旨大意,2.ThecloningofDollythesheepsucceededbecause_.A.itseasiertocloneasheepthanotheranimalsB.thescientistsweredeterminedandworkedhardwithpatienceC.thescientistswererewardedandgotlotsofmoneyD.manyotherattemptstoclonemammalsfailed,B,细枝末节,3.Whatispeoplesfearabouthumancloning.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.ClonedHitlerswoulddoharmtotheworld.B.Clonedpeoplemaybekilledatwillformedicalaid.C.Awomanwouldhavedifficultyrecognizingherrealhusband.D.Menwilldieoutbecauseawomancangivebirthtoababywithoutahusband.,4.Thesheepthatdonatedthesomaticcellmostprobablylived_years.A.3B.6C.9D.13,推理判断,5.Wecaninferfromthelastthreeparagraphsthat_.ThenormaldevelopmentofDollyhadnoeffectonthecloningofotherspecies.B.Dollysseriousdiseaseandfinaldeathdisturbedthewholeworld.C.Therewereargumentsaboutanimalcloningandconcernsaboutthefutureofcloning.D.Dollysuccessfullyclonedanewlambwiththehelpofcloningscientists.,Reading,Listentothetapeandfindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.,Themainideaofeachparagraph.,awayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.,problems,twomajor,effect,1.Cloningis_,2.Cloninghas_uses.,3.The_ofDolly.,4.The_ofDolly.,5.Peoplestocloning.,reaction,Cloningisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.,Whatiscloning?,Ithappensbothin_andin_.Theycanbeclonedby_and_.,plants,animals,themselves,humans,Naturalclone,Man-madeclone,Para1,Thedefinitionofcloning,Firstly,commercialSecondly,research,Para2,Themajorusesandproceduresofcloning,Inthisparagraph,theword“straightforward”means_.A.uncomplicatedB.honestC.frankD.difficult,Doyouknowabout:,theprocedureworksofasheep?,克隆羊诞生图示,“多利”的诞生标志着克隆研究取得新的进展和重大突破,而且这个结果证明:动物体中执行特殊功能,具有特定形态的所谓高度分化的细胞与受精卵一样具有发育成完整个体的潜在能力。也就是说,动物细胞与植物细胞一样,也具有全能性.,“多利”的诞生有什么重大的意义和影响？,Atfirst,thefactthatDollydeveloped_inanaturalwaywas_.Later,thenews_Dollyhadbecomeseriouslyillwas_.Finally,theproblemthatoccurredtothescientistswasthataclonedanimallives_theoriginalone.,Para3,TheproblemsofDolly,normally,encouraging,that,aslongas/shorterthan/longerthan,disturbing,shorterthan,Theword“controversial”inPara4probablymeans:_.A.complicatedB.arguableC.importantD.traditional,Para4,TheimpactofDolly,Itsappearanceraisedandthemediaandpublicimagination.,astormofobjections,hadagreatimpacton,Trueorfalse:PeoplefearedthatClonedHitlerswoulddoharmtotheworld.2Alltheresearchintohumanbeingswillbeforbidden.3Somecountrieswillusecloninginawiseway.,Para5,Peoplesreactiontocloning,Manygovernmentsforbaderesearchintohumanbeings.,theauthordoesnotstateanypersonalopinionaboutcloning.,A.Objective(befair)B.Negative(beagainstit)C.Positive(beinfavorofit),Thewritersattitudetowardscloning,Because_,DetailreadingFillinthechartusingtheinformationfromthetext.,develop,the,illnesses,produce,cures,illnesses,die,younger,produceplants,quality,for,sale,Evilleader,useful,newplantspecies,moralobjections,endangeredanimals,Findthemainideaofeachparagraph.,Cloningisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.Cloninghastwomajoruses.TheproblemsofDolly.TheeffectofDolly.Itisforbiddentoclonehumanbeings.,Para1.Para2.Para3.Para4.Para5.,IntensiveReading,Fillinthechartabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcloning.,Collectinginformation,Cloningisbeneficialto,Itcanmakemoreprofitsfor,Wecouldusecloningtocure,Cloningcanhelpsave,Cloningcanprovideacopyofachildforacouple,Animalsclonesgetilland,Againstnature,Animalsclonesmaydeveloptheillnessof,Evilleadersmaywantto,Peopleareafraidthatscientistswillcreatethousandsofcopiesofthesameperson.,gardenersandfarmers,endangeredanimals,whosechildhasdied,dieyoung,olderanimals,clonethemselves,illness,humans,Practiceactivity:DebateAreyouinfavorofcloningoragainstcloning?Stateyourpointofviewonit.,For,Against,Cloningisvaluablefor_researchonanimals.,medical,Advantagesofcloning,Medicalcloningcouldproduce_forseriousillnessesinhumans.,cures,Cloningplantscanproducelarge_ofplantsfor_.,quant