《汽车服务手册》PPT课件

WheelSafetyandMaintenance轮毂的安全及保养,AlcoaWheelProducts美铝轮毂产品,HowDoWeMaintainWheels?如何保养轮毂,WhatIsinaWarning?关于警示,Thesecondparagraphdetailswhatmighthappenifnocorrectiveactionistaken.第二段关于若不采取有效措施可能会发生的事故,Thefinalparagraphdetailswhatcorrectiveactionshouldbetaken.最后一段是关于必须采取的措施,WARNINGThefirstparagraphtellsyouaboutapotentiallyhazardouscondition,situationorpractice.警示第一段是有关潜在危险,Examplethecondition:例,WARNINGCrackedordamagedwheelsmaycausewheelstofailorcomeoffthevehiclewhilethevehicleismoving.开裂或已损坏的轮毂可能在行车时发生脱落First,thepotentiallyhazardouscondition,situationorpracticeisexplained.首先说明潜在的危险,Examplewhatcanhappen:,WARNINGCrackedordamagedwheelsmaycausewheelstofailorcomeoffthevehiclewhilethevehicleismoving.Wheelsthatfailorcomeoffthevehiclewhileitismovingcancauseseriousinjuryordeath.损坏的轮毂或轮毂脱落会导致严重的伤亡Then,whatmighthappenifnocorrectiveactionistaken.然后说明若不采取有效措施可能会发生的事故,Exampletheremedy:,WARNINGCrackedordamagedwheelsmaycausewheelstofailorcomeoffthevehiclewhilethevehicleismoving.Wheelsthatfailorcomeoffthevehiclewhileitismovingcancauseseriousinjuryordeath.Immediatelyremovecrackedordamagedwheelsfromservice.立即更换以开裂或损坏的轮毂Andfinally,thecorrectiveaction.最后说明应采取的措施,FollowRecommendedPractices,AlcoaServiceManual美铝服务手册Wheelinstallationpractices轮毂的安装方法Wheelinspections轮毂的检查Ridedisturbancequestions行车震动问题,FollowRecommendedPractices,AlcoaServiceManualsection7美铝服务手册第7部分U.S.OSHAlaw美国OSHA（职业安全法）mustusesafetycage必须使用安全罩mustusecliponairchuck必须使用安全气阀mustcomplywithindustry,wheelandtireservicemanuals必须遵守行业，轮毂和轮胎服务手册的有关规定musttrainpeople相关人员必须经过培训tiresfoundwithlessthan80%airpressuremustbeinspectedtofindcauseofairlossandanypotentialproblems轮胎不足80%的气压时，必须经过检查，发现漏气和其他可能的问题的原因。,ProperInstallation,Cleanallmountingsurfaces清洁所有安装表面Lubricatestudsandnuts(hubpiloted)润滑螺杆及螺母（中心孔定位）Usepropertorquesequence按正确的顺序安装螺母Initialtorque50to100ft.Lb.初始扭矩Finaltorque450to500ft.Lb.最终扭矩Followtorquesequence按正确的顺序拧紧螺母Re-torque？,Stud/NutLubrication螺栓螺母润滑,Affectsofcleaningandlubrication清洁度和润滑对夹紧力的影响,Whyproperinstallation?正确安装的理由,Safetyforyou,youremployeesandthepublic关乎您、您的同事和公众的安全Toeliminateloosewheelconditions排除轮毂松落的可能Toimprovewheellife延长轮毂寿命,CANSAVEYOUMONEY可以节约费用,StudLocatedSteerandSingleWheelComponentsfor3/4”and11/8”studs螺栓直径为3/4”和11/8”单轮螺栓定位,Needfullthreadengagement全螺纹啮合,StudLocatedDualedWheelsDrive/TrailerAxleComponents双轮驱动桥/拖车桥螺栓定位,StudLocatedDualedWheels,InnerSteel&OuterAluminumAxleComponents螺栓定位、内侧钢轮外侧铝轮,SingleHubPilotedAxleComponents单轮中心孔定位,Needfullthreadengagement需全螺纹啮合,HubPilotedDualedWheelAxleComponents双轮中心孔定位,WheelStudMaintenance螺拴保养,1brokenstudreplacebrokenstudandtheonesadjacentthebrokenstud一颗螺栓断裂，更换断裂者和相邻两颗。2ormorebrokenstudsreplaceallthestudsforthatwheel两颗及以上螺栓断裂，更换所有螺栓。Includestudreplacementinyourwheelmaintenanceprogram将螺栓更换作为车轮保养的一部分,HubPilotedTorqueSequences中心孔定位拧紧顺序,Placepilotpadsat12:00(TDC),Followtighteningsequencestartingatthetop,StudLocatedTorqueSequences螺栓定位拧紧顺序,Beginwithonestudat12:00(TDC),Startthetighteningsequenceatthetop,thenmovetothebottom,HubPilotedTorqueValues中心孔定位最终扭矩值,StudLocatedTorqueValues螺栓定位的扭矩值,WhyFleetsExperienceLooseWheels为什么轮毂会松落？,Lowinitialtorque初始扭矩太低Highinitialtorque初始扭矩太高Torqueokaytensionlow扭矩合适但压力太低Initialtorque/tensionokay初始扭矩和压力合适,Tire/WheelInflationPressures轮胎/轮毂气压,Properinflationpressurehelpstireandwheellife正确的气压可延长轮胎及轮毂的寿命Lowinflationpressurewillincreaserimflangewear气压过低会增加轮缘磨损Unequalinflationpressuremayoverloadthetire/wheel气压不平衡会导致轮胎轮毂过载,WheelInspection轮毂检查,ExcessiveHeat过热,WheelInspection轮毂检查,BallTape球形尺,WheelInspection轮毂检查,BallTape球形尺,RimRollDemonstration轮缘滚动检查,WheelInspection轮毂检查,Photosshowthecarpentersquareevenonbothbeadseats.,WheelInspection轮毂检查,Photosshowsanundersizedwheelthatyoucanclearlyplacea.020cardbetweenthesquareandthewheel,WheelInspection轮毂检查,FlangeWear轮缘磨损,WheelInspection轮毂检查,RimFlangeWearGauge轮缘磨损量规,WheelInspection轮毂检查,HandHoleCrack散热孔裂纹,WheelInspection轮毂检查,BoltHoleCrack螺栓孔裂纹,WheelInspection轮毂检查,HandHoletoBoltHoleCrack散热孔与螺栓孔间裂纹,WheelInspection轮毂检查,DropCenterCrack中心裂纹,WheelInspection轮毂检查,MountingSurfaceCorrosion安装表面锈蚀,WheelInspection轮毂检查,BentFlange轮缘弯曲变形,WheelInspection轮毂检查,ValveStembeforeremoval气阀茎,WheelInspection轮毂检查,ValveStemCorrosion气阀锈蚀,ValveStemwithFreyLube气阀茎？,WheelInspection轮毂检查,DamagedStudHoles螺栓孔变形,Damagedhubpilotedbolthole.螺栓孔损伤（中心孔定位）,Damagedballseatcontactarea.球孔座表面损伤,TireWearorRideProblems（轮胎磨损或震颤）,.040”Max.-RRO/LRO？,WheelBalance车轮平衡,6oz.Max.,BalanceWeights平衡块,Usecoatedbalanceweights？or“stick-on”adhesiveweights粘贴平衡块,Improperlyinstalledweightscould“flyoff”duringuseanddamagethevehicleorcausepersonalinjury.不正确安装的平衡块会“飞出”，导致车辆或人员伤亡,BoltHole/CenterHoleTruePosition螺栓孔与中心孔之间的距离,.012”Max.differencefromholetohole最大偏差为12“,SafetyMaintenanceandInspectionSummary总结,FollowpracticesasoutlinedintheAlcoaServiceManual严格按照服务手册的说明Followtorquespecsandsequences严格按照扭矩参数和顺序Keepthematingsurfacesclean保持接触面清洁Includestudsinmaintenancepractice螺栓也是必须保养的部分Cleanandinspectwheels清洁并仔细检查轮毂,WheelInspectionSummary,Removeanysuspectwheelfromservice可疑的轮毂必须报废Removeanydamagedwheelfromservice受损的轮毂必须报废,Whenremovingawheelfromservice,clearlyidentifythewheelasscrapandremovevalvestem.报废的轮毂必须明确标注并拆掉气阀,WheelInspectionSummary轮毂检查总结,Permanentlyremoveanywheelfromservicethathasbeenexposedtoexcessiveheat(forexample:tirefire,bearingfire,brakefire,etc.)报废所有过热的轮毂（