被动语态全课件20151030

.,thePassiveVoice,（被动语态）,文综之家,一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,WespeakEnglish.,主语,谓语,宾语,Englishisspokenbyus.,主语,谓语,宾语,宾变主,主变宾,前加by,主动语态,主变被解题步骤:,1.找宾语-即动作的承受者,Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoes,2.判断宾语的单复数-即be动词的单复数.,arewere,3.判断动词的时态-即be动词的时态.,4.修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分词,made,5.修改原句的主语-即by+主语/宾语.,bytheminthatfactory.,1.Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.,2.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.,Be要随着主语变,逻辑主语by来引,文综之家,被动语态的大体构成：,Be+PP（过去分词）,主动语态变被动之歌：被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。Be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.,变为被动语态,一般现在时被动结构：,am/is/are+过去分词,Exercise:Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.,Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.,Exercise:WecallthesnowmanMr.Strong.,ThesnowmaniscalledMr.Strong.,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.,一般过去时被动结构：,was/were+过去分词,Exercise:Heboughtsomefruitsyesterday.,Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.,3.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.,现在进行时被动结构：,am/is/are+being+PP,Exercise:Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.,Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.,Exercise:Theyareplayingvolleyballnow.,Volleyballisbeingplayed(bythem)now,4.Shewasinterviewingthefamousmanatthistimeyesterday.,Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher,过去进行时被动结构：,was/were+being+PP,Exercise:Hewasplayingbasketballat8:00lastnight.,Basketballwasbeingplayedat8:00yesterday.,5.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.,一般将来时被动结构：,will+be+过去分词,Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.,Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.,begoingto+be+pp,Exercise:Thegirlwillfinishherhomeworkintwentyminutes.,Herhomeworkwillbefinished(bythegirl)intwentyminutes.,6.Hesaidtheworkerswouldbuildanewschoolintwoweeks.,Hesaidanewschoolwouldbebuiltintwoweeks.,过去将来时被动构成：,would+be+pp,Theywouldhaveapartythenextday.,Apartywouldbehad(bythem)thenextday.,7.AbycantakegoodcareofTina,TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby.,情态动词变被动：,情态动词+be+过分,Exercise:Hemaycarrythebasketeasily.,Thebasketmaybeeasilycarriedbyhim.,Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.,Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.,8.Wehavemadetwentykeys,Twentykeyshavebeenmadebyus.,现在完成时被动结构：,have/has+been+过去分词,Exercise:Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.,Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.,9.Wehadseenthisfilmbeforeyoucamehere.,Thisfilmhadbeenseenbyusbeforeyoucamehere.,过去完成时被动结构：,had+been+PP,Exercise:Thedoctorknewthathehadknownhisproblem.,Thedoctorknewthathisproblemhadbeenknownbyhim.,各种时态的被动情况：一般现在时：一般过去时：现在进行时：过去进行时：现在完成时：过去完成时：一般将来时：过去将来时：情态动词变被动：,am/is/aredone,was/weredone,am/is/arebeingdone,was/werebeingdone,have/hasbeendone,hadbeendone,shall/willbedonebegoingtobedone,would/should+be+done,情态动词+be+done,Exercise:PickoutthepassivevoiceWehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.ItwascalledclavichordItwasmadein1681.Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom.Ithasbelongedtoourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrumentwasboughtbymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestringswerebroken.Myfatherwasshocked.Wearentallowedtotouchit.Nowitisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfathers.,Exercises:一.选择填空:Windowsofglass.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehousein2004.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.used,C,C,A,4.Watches_Shanghai.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made5.Thisdeskismade_wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.by6.Thethingsonshowwere_theolddays.A.usedB.usedtoC.usedforD.usedin7.Silk_inHangzhouandSuzhouA.isproducedB.areproducedC.producedD.isproduces,A,A,D,A,1.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(间宾作主）,Hegavemeabook.(变被动）,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,2.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.,Mymotherboughtmeabirthdaycake.,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.,2.Abirthdaycakewasboughtformebymymother.,带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣：,原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。,变为被动时，间宾前加to的带有双宾语的动词有：14个bring,teach,pass,hand,give,lend,refuse,leave,promise,tell,return,show,send,write.,变为被动时，间宾前加for的带有双宾语的动词有：5个buy,get,do,pay,sing.,把下列句子变为主动语态：1.Theymadeshoesinthatfactory.2.Theywillmakeshoesinthatfactory.3.Theywouldmakeshoesinthatfactory.4.Theycanmakeshoesinthatfactory.5.Theyhavemadeshoesinthatfactory.6.Theyhadmadeshoesinthatfactory.7.Theyaremakingshoesinthatfactory.8.Theyweremakingshoesinthatfactory,Weusuallyhearhimplayinthenextroom.,Heisusuallyheardtoplayinthenextroom.,四几种值得注意的被动语态变化,带复合宾语的被动语态结构,（）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.,MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.,JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.,watchlethavehearseenotice,原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。情态动词变被动，情态加be加过分。,1.Ourschool_in2002.(开办)2.Theyoungtreesmust_well.(照顾)3._thisbuilding_(建成)lastyear?4.Thebook_(写)byhimlastyear.5.Thebridge_(不建造)in1989.6.The29thOlympicGameswill_(举行)inBeijingin2008.,wasopened,belookedafter,Was,built,waswritten,wasntbuilt,beheld,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,七嘴八舌,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasmadetohave,canbe,used,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Weremanytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdone,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?,isstudied,Is,talked,bythem,Answerrightorwrong,1.必须照看好孩子们。Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.()Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.()2.这本书是鲁迅写的。ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun.()ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.()3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。Thatpencilwasgivenmebyhimyesterday.()Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.(),W,R,W,R,W,R,4.这辆自行车能修吗？Canthisbikemended?()Canthisbikebemended?()5.街道已由他们清理了。Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey.()Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.(),W,R,W,R,必背！,动词短语的被动语态,takecareofbetakencareof,cutdownbecutdown,laughatbelaughedat,lookafterbelookedafter,Theymadeshoesinthatfactory.Theywillmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theywouldmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theycanmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhavemadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhadmadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyaremakingshoesinthatfactory.Theyweremakingshoesinthatfactory.,(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.,Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.,Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.,hear/watch/.,Weoftenhearthemsingthissong.,Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).,Thissongisoftenheard(byus)tobesung(bythem).,一感二听三使四看,feel/hearlisten/makehavelet/lookseewatchnotice,这十大动词在主动句中动词用原形，但在变为被动语态时必须加上to,使用口诀：感使动词真奇怪，to在句子像妖怪。主动句里to走开，被动句里to回来。动词let要除外，to词可来可不来。,BobsentKatealetterlastyear.,=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.,=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.,tellaskbringwritegiveteachpasslend,to,HetoldJimastory.,Mummademeanewdress.,IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.,makebuydraw,for,Iboughtmybrotherabook.,注意:,约翰打开了收音机。,Johnturnedontheradio.,Theradiowasturnedon.,奶奶照看我姐姐。,Grandmatakescareofmysister.,Mysi