句子结构常见错误

EnglishWriting,Date:Nov.1,2009,Paully.F,句子结构常见错误,1.残缺句2.接排句3.误置修饰语4.悬垂修饰语,Warming-up:,Correctthefollowingsentences:1.Havingmissedalessonforaweek,awrittenexcusewasneeded.2.Notknowinghisname,itisdifficulttointroducehim.3.Steppingdownfromthecar,theyoungstersranforwardtogetagoodlookatthefootballstar.4.Stuckinthemud,theyhadtopushthecar.,Answer,5.Standingonthetopofthemountain,thelakelookedverybeautiful.6.Seeingfromthewhole,thecompositionisnotbad.7.Havingdinnerwithhisfamily,afriendcameforavisit.8.Walkingdownthestreet,acarsuddenlystoppedbesidehim.9.Notshowingthemtheshortcut,itwillbedifficultforthemtogetthereontime.10.Havingfinishedhercomposition,thetranslationexercisewastakenup.,Correctthefollowingsentences:,1.Everyoneofthestudents,includingmyself,haveboughtthisdictionary.2.Physicsarefascinatingbutdifficult.3.Thepresidenttogetherwithseveralassistantsarehere.4.Fiftydollarsseemtoomuchforthissweater.5.Anumberofspellingmistakeswasfoundinhiscomposition.,6.Howhefoundthosepreciouspaintingsareofgreatinteresttousall.7.Thepublichavearighttoknow.8.Whathewantedtoknowwasthepay,thelivingandworkingconditions,andthekindofjobhewouldbeassigned.9.ThereareaJapaneseandtwoKoreansinhisclass.10.NeitherhisclassmatesnorProfessorBrownhaveunderstoodhim.,误置修饰语,错误一：修饰语只能修饰某个中心词，不能放其他地方。1.Hesoldtheoldcartothemanwithleatherseats.2.Pleasegivethebooktotheboywiththebluecover.,Hesoldtheoldcarwithleatherseatstotheman.,Pleasegivethebookwiththebluecovertotheboy,错误二：修饰语既可修饰中心词A，也可修饰中心词B，因此有歧义。3.Weagreedonthenextdaytomaketheadjustment.,意思一：Itisonthenextdaythatwearrivedattheagreement.Weagreedtomaketheadjustment.,意思二：Weagreedthatthetimewhenwewouldmaketheadjustmentisthenextday.,Weagreedthatonthenextdaywewouldmaketheadjustment.,4.Studentswhopracticewritingoftenwillbenefit.,意思一：Studentswhooftenpracticewritingwillbenefit.,意思二：Studentswhopracticewritingwilloftenbenefit.,悬垂修饰语,四种形式,1.悬垂分词,2.悬垂动名词,3.悬垂动词不定式,4.悬垂省略从句,修改方法,1.悬垂分词,现在分词：(错句)Lookingupatthesky,thesunwentunderacloud.-过去分词：(错句)Shockedbythebadnews,hermouthopenedwide.-,Lookingupatthesky,hesawthesungounderacloud.,Shockedbythebadnews,sheopenedhermouthwide.,2.悬垂动名词,(错句)Afterfinishingtheresearch,thepaperwaseasytowrite.,Afterfinishingtheresearch,Ifoundthatthepaperwaseasytowrite.,AfterIfinishedtheresearch,thepaperwaseasytowrite.,3.悬垂动词不定式,(错句)Towritewell,goodbooksmustberead.,Towritewell,Imustreadgoodbooks.,4.悬垂省略从句,(错句)Whileclimbingthehill,therainbegantofall.-,Whileclimbingthehill,shefelttherainbegantofall.,WhileIclimbedthehill,therainbegantofall.,修改方法,Whileleavingthehouse,thephonerang.1.找出句中错误的主语,改为能支配分词的主语。2.补足悬垂短语,使其扩展为一个完整的从句.,Whileleavingthehouse,Iheardthephonering.,WhileIwasleavingthehouse,Iheardthephonering.,Exercise,1.Thumbingthrough,shenoticedAsshewasthumbing,2.,sb.perfor