动词ing形式做主语和宾语

Haveyoueverseenthesesigns?,parking,spitting,littering,smoking,-ingforms,TheingformastheSubjectandObject,Unit2,一、动名词的形式,动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作,谓语动词用单数。如：Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.ToreadaloudwillhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.,动词-ing形式作主语,Ing做主语和动词不定时做主语有什么不同？,动名词常常表示泛指的动作，而不定式通常指具体的动作。,动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作,谓语动词用单数。如：Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.ToreadaloudwillhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.,动词-ing形式作主语,二、功能及用法(作主语),1.名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1)捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的._issomethingweshouldneverdo2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。_isveryimportantforme3)说比做容易。_iseasierthandoing.,Playingtricksonothers,Learningnewwords,Talking,用形式主语it，把真正的主语动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如nouse,nogood,fun,hardwork,ahard/difficultjob,awasteoftime等;形容词有:dangerous,worthwhile,useless等。如：Itsnousesweepingtears.Itwasawasteoftimedoingsuchathing.Exer.P13_,二、功能及用法(作主语),归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做是浪费时间的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做是没用处的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做是值得的,在therebe+no+v-ing结构中作主语，=“Itisimpossibletodo”表示“没法不允许.”。如：1)Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit若要人不知，除非己莫为。2)这种事开不得玩笑。Thereis_aboutsuchmatter.3)无法知道他什么时候离开。Therewas_whenhewouldleave.,二、功能及用法(作主语),nojoking,noknowing,Thereisnodoing无法;不允许Thereisnosenseindoing做没有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing干无意义Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.做这件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.,注意:Thereisnoneedtodosth干没必要,在此句式中todo不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。Thereisnoneedtotellher.,1.有些动词和短语等后能接动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：Wereconsidering_(pay)avisittotheScienceMuseum.Imfondof_(collect)stampsandcoins.,动词-ing形式作宾语,paying,collecting,考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。,常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:,consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardonadmit,delay/putoff,fancyavoid,miss,keep/keepon,practisedeny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciatecanthelp,mind,allow/permit,escapeforbid,risk,imagine,这类动词还有:giveup,insiston,mention,feellike,preferdoingtodoing,endup,bebusy(in),prevent/stop/keepfromprotect/preservefrom.payattentionto,beaccustomedto,beusedtodoing,getdownto,stickto,leadto,objectto等。,我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。Wemusttrytoavoid_thesamemistake晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Doyoufeellike_awalkwithmeaftersupper?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。Peoplecouldnthelp_thatfoolishman,repeating,having,laughing,注：need,require,want作“需要”解时,后接动词-ing形式作宾语,主动形式表示被动意义,相当于tobedone。,Theradioneeds/requires/wants_（repair）.,repairing/toberepaired,2.既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget，remember,hate等。like,love,hate,prefer用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B.在begin/start,continue之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别.C.在动词forget,remember,regret之后意义不同,不要忘了给你母亲写信。Dontforgettowritetoyourmother我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。Iregretmissingthereport我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。IregrettosayIcanttakeyouradvice,继续做原来做的事,接着做另一件事,意味着要做某事,想要做某事,停止做某事,停下来(别的事)开始,V-ing形式的复合结构,Doyoumindmycominglateforthefilm?,Marysbeinglateforclassmadeherteacherangry.,mecominglateforthefilm?,物主代词与名词所有格与V-ing构成逻辑上的主谓关系,形容词性物主代词+doing,名词s+doing,代词宾格+doing,名词+doing,作主语、宾语,作宾语,_madehimveryupset.HislosingbikeB.TomslosingbikeC.HimlosingbikeD.Tomlosingbike,注：动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词-ing形式之前。如：_(没有刷牙)madehersmellbad.Yourschoolmates_(没有按时回家)madeherparentsworried.,Notcleaningherteeth,notcominghomeintime,Billsuggested_ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold,Exercises,2.Thewomanfounditnogood_herdaughtertoomuchmoney.A.givingB.beinggivenC.givenD.gave3._madethestudent_interestinhisstudies.A.Beingpunished;toloseB.Punished;loseC.Beingpunished;loseD.Havingbeenpunished;lost,4.OurEnglishteachersuggestedwepractise_Englisheveryday.A.tospeakB.speakC.speakingD.spoke5.Ireallycantunderstand_herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating,6._thehomeworkmadehisfatherlosehistemper.A.TheboysnothavingdoneB.TheboynothavingdoneC.TheboyshavingnotdoneD.Theboyhavingnotdone,根据括号内的汉语提示,完成下列句子。1._(大声朗读)inthelibraryisabadhabit.2.Itsnouse_(像这样谈话).3.Inmymind,_(进入那所著名的大学)willbetheonlywaytobecomeaworld-classwriter.,Readingaloud,talkinglikethis,atten