新概念英语第一册笔记1-10

-教育精选-新概念英语第一册笔记Lesson 1 Excuse me一、 单词讲解1、excuse 1） v. 原谅eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。2） n. 借口eg. Its an excuse. 那是一个借口。2、mepron. 我（宾格：用来做宾语的。）eg. He loves me. 他爱我.eg. She cheats me. 他骗我.eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我.Excuse me 的用法：这个短语经常被译作“对不起”，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作“劳驾”。1） 为了要引起别人的注意eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag?2） 要打扰某人或要打断别人的话eg. Excuse me. May I ask you a question?3） 向陌生人问路eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station?4） 向某人借东西eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen?5） 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me?6） 要求在宴席或会议的途中离开一会儿eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while?对不起打扰一下，我可以离开一会吗？eg. Excuse us for a moment.比较sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示“对不起”。1） 请问几点了？eg. Excuse me. What time is it?2） 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。eg. Sorry. 或者 Im sorry!3） 对不起，我先失陪一下eg. Excuse me.4） 误解了别人的意思eg. Sorry.3、yes1）adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答）eg. Are you mad? Yes, I am.2）经常用于应答，表示“什么事”。eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾？ Yes? 什么事？eg. Wendy.温蒂 Yes? 什么事？4、is1）v. be 动词（即为系动词）现在时第三人称单数 be： is am are2）is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。eg. He is a student.他是一个学生。eg. Thats an egg. 那是一个鸡蛋。（Thats = That is）eg. This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。5、thispron. 这 （复数these） 反义词：that pron. 那（复数those）eg. This is a dog. 这是一只狗。eg. That is a map. 那是一张地图。6、yourpossessive adjective. 你的，你们的（物主代词后面加名词）your key 你的钥匙 your book 你的书 your room 你们的房间eg. This is your key. 这是你的钥匙。eg. That is your book. 那是你的书。eg. That is your room. 那是你们的房间。7、handbagn. 女用手提包eg. That is your handbag. 那是你的手提包。handbagseg. Dennis looked like he threw a punch, but it was just handbags.丹尼斯好像要出拳打架，但仅仅是用手提包敲打而已。8、pardonint. 原谅，请再说一遍pardon = pardon me = I beg your pardon? 能再说一遍吗？9、itpron. 它（用于代替一切单数事物）eg. It is an egg. 它是一个鸡蛋。eg. Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗？Yes, it is.是的，它是。（it 指代 pencil）10、thank youThank v. 感谢you pron.（你，你们）主格作主语eg. You are a good student. 你是一个好学生。宾格作宾语eg. Thank you.谢谢你（们）。eg. I miss you.我想你（们）。11、very muchvery much 非常地eg. Thank you very much. 非常感谢。eg. I love you very much. 我非常爱你。二、 课文讲解含有be动词的陈述句、否定句及一般疑问句1、一般疑问句：把系动词be（is, am, are） 置于句首eg. This is a handbag. 这是一个手提包。（肯定句）eg. Is this a handbag？ Yes, it is. No, it isnt.（it 代handbag）2、 否定句：把not 加在系动词的后面is not = isnt am not are not = arenteg. This is not （isnt）my handbag.小结1、 You dont hear something very clearly. What do you say?Pardon? 请再说一遍。= I beg your pardon? = Pardon me?2、 If you what to leave for a little while in the meeting. Excuse me对不起，劳驾。3、 When you step on ones foot。Sorry.对不起。4、 When someone helps you. Thank you.非常感谢。Thank you very much.Lesson 2 Is this your ?一、 单词讲解1、penn.钢笔（注意发音）eg. This is my pen.eg. Is this your pen？ Yes, it is. No, it isnt. （it 代pen）2、penciln.铅笔（注意发音）eg. This is my pencil.eg. This is not my pencil.eg. Is this your pencil？ Yes, it is. No, it isnt.（it 代pencil）3、bookn.书eg. I have many books.eg. I like reading books.eg. This is my book.eg. This is not my book.4、watch1）n. 手表eg. My watch is new. 我的手表是新的。eg. Is that your new watch? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. （it 代new watch）2）v. 看 Watch TV5、 coatn. 上衣、外衣eg. I love this coat.eg. How much is this coat? 这件上衣多少钱？6、 dressn. 连衣裙eg. This is a lovely dress. 这是一件漂亮的连衣裙。eg. This is not my dress.7、 skirtn.短裙、裙子eg. This is my skirt.8、 shirtshirt n. 一般指男士衬衣比较：blouse n. 一般指女士衬衣9、 carcar n.小汽车get into/out the car（上/下小汽车）比较：bus 公共汽车；bike 自行车；train 火车；taxi 出租车10、househouse n.房子比较：apartment = flat 公寓eg. I live in a big house.eg. Your house is so big.（so为副词，表示程度）小结1、含有系动词is 的句型转换陈述句 This is ；That is一般疑问句 Is this/that?肯定回答：Yes , it is 否定回答：No, it isnt .否定句：系动词后面加not. This is not ；That is notLesson 3 Sorry, sir.一、 单词讲解1、 umbrellan.伞eg. This is （not） my new umbrella.eg. Is that your umbrella? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.2、please1）int. 请（可置于句首，也可置于句末）Come in please=Please come inSit down please=Please sit down2） 求求你（重读）eg. Dont tell my mother about it, please! 不要把这件事告诉我的妈妈，求求你了。eg. Help me, please! 帮帮我，求求你了。3、 hereadv. 这里 there adv. 那里eg. Come here. 到这儿来。eg. Go there. 到那儿去。here 与 there 置于句首时，后面主谓要倒装。eg. Here is my ticket. （here放置于句首，后面的系动词is 在主语my ticket的前面）正常语序：My ticket is here.4、mypron. 我的（物主代词）后加名词eg. This is （not） my new umbrella.your/his/her/our/their/my+名词eg. Her boyfriend is very rich.她的男朋友很有钱。eg. Welcome to our school.欢迎到我们学校来。5、ticketn. 票an air ticket/a train ticket/a bus ticket/a cinema ticketeg. Here is my air ticket.eg. Here is your cinema ticket.6、numbern.号码telephone number 电话号码number +基数词 第 number one第一 （NO. one） eg. I am number one.7、fivenum. 五（基数词）lesson five 第五课 day five 第五天five +可数名词复数形式 五个（表示数量为两个以上的名词都要用复数形式，即在词尾要加s） five handbags 五个手提包one/two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/ten8、sorryadj. 对不起的 常用于对自己所犯的过失表示道歉Excuse me .打扰别人时说的客套话。eg. Im sorry, I broke your glass.eg. Excuse me. May I ask you a question?9、sirn. 先生 表示对不相识的男子，年长者或上级的一种尊称，一般单独便用，后面不与姓氏连用。eg. Excuse me, sir.eg. Thank you, sir.eg. Can I help you, sir?Mr. 也是“先生”的意思，但与sir的用法上有所不同，Mr.必须与姓氏连用，不可单独便用。 Mr. Zhang.10、cloakroomn. 衣帽存放处二、课文讲解Question：Does the man get his umbrella back? 这位男士有没有要回他的雨伞?Yes, he dose.1、My coat and my umbrella please.此句省略了动词give（给） give sb sth 把某物给某人Give me my coat and my umbrella please.2、Here is my ticket此句为倒装句，副词here/three置于句首时，主谓要倒装。正常语序：My ticket is here.Heres your umbrella and your coat. （Heres一般用于口语和非正式场合）and 表示“和”，是连词，连接两个并列成份，位置可以互换。my father and my mother.3、Is this your umbrella?此句为一般疑问句。含有系动词be 的陈述句变成一般疑问句，把系动词置于句首，句号变问号，用升调。Is this her car? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.4、Is this it? = Is this your umbrella?it = your umbrella，由于前面提到了umberlla，所以后面就用it 来代替，以免重复。Lesson 4 Is this your ?一、 单词讲解1、suitn. 一套衣服eg. Is this your suit? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.eg. I want a mans suit. 我想要一套男装。eg. She has a new suit.2、schooln. 学校at school 在学校求学 go to school 去上学eg. Her son is at school.她的儿子在学上校上学。3、teachern. 老师teach v. 教书4、sonn. 儿子eg. My son is very strong.eg. Is your son a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. 5、daughtern. 女儿eg. My daughter is very lovely.eg. My daughter isnt a student. She is a singer. Lesson 5 Nice to meet you.一、 单词讲解1、 Mr.Mr. 先生（不可单独使用） Mr. + 姓氏sir 先生：可以单独使用，是对上级，长者，或陌生男性的尊称。Sir 后面不能加姓氏。eg. Thank you, sir.eg. Sorry, sir.eg. Can I help you, sir?2、goodadj. 好的 反义词 bad adj. 坏的eg. This is a good book.eg. She is a good teacher.3、morningMorning n.早晨 Afternoon n.下午 Evening n.晚上 Night n.夜里Good morning/afternoon/evening/night.in the morning/afternoon/evening/at night4、MissMiss 小姐（一般指未婚女性） Miss + 姓氏 Miss LeeMrs. 太太（己婚女性） Mrs.+丈夫的姓氏Mrs. Black 布莱克太太（其丈夫姓Black）Ms. 女士（对未知婚姻状况者的称谓） Ms. Lee 李女士英语国家人名的构成：first name + middle name + aurname 名字 中间名 姓5、newadj. 新的 反义词 old adj. 旧的eg. That is my new shirt.eg. Is this your old dress?6、studentn. 学生eg. She is a new student.eg. He isnt a bad student.7、Frenchn. 法国人（国籍；法语） adj. 法国的eg. Miss Lee is French.eg. I can speak French.eg. He is a French student.France n. 法国（国名）eg. I come from France.eg. I am from France.8、Germann. 德国人（国籍；德语） adj. 德国的eg. Are you German?eg. He can speak German.eg. Is Miss Sophie Dupont a German student?Germany n.德国（国名）eg. I am from Germany.9、niceadj. 美好的 同义词：goodeg. You are a nice girl.10、meetv. 遇见，碰见这是非正式场合下初次见面时的客套用语：Nice to meet you回答也应为：Nice to meet you, too.在正式场合中：How do you do? 回答也是：How do you do?11、Japanesen. 日本人（国籍），日语 adj. 日本的Japan n. 日本（国名）eg. Is Miss Sophie Dupont a Japanese student?eg. He can speak Japanese.eg. I am from Japan.12、Koreann. 韩国人（国籍）； 韩国语 adj. 韩国的Korea n. 韩国（国名）eg. Are you Korean?eg. He can speak Korean.eg. I am from Korea.13、Chinesen.中国人（国籍）；汉语 adj. 中国的China n. 中国（国名）eg. He can speak Chinese.eg. China is a big country.14、tooadv. 也，用在肯定和疑问句中。 否定句中用either。too 和 either 一般都放在句末，并且用逗号隔开。eg. Miss Dupont is French, too.eg. Is Miss Dupont French, too?eg. Mrs. Lee is not German, either.二、课文讲解1、Good morning. 也可以直接用hello 问好。2、This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Sophie is a new student. She is French.“This is + 姓名” 是把一个人介绍给另一个人时用的句型。3、向别人介绍自己时： My name is 或者是 I am.4、He is German=He is from Germany.5、Nice to meet you. 用于非正式场合的初次见面。回答：Nice to meet you, too.Lesson 6 What make is it?一、 单词讲解1、make1）n. （产品的）牌号eg. My shirt is a Korean make.我的衬衫是韩国牌子的。eg. What make is your car?2）v. 制造，做make a carmake a model plane.2、 Swedishn. 瑞典人（国籍） adj. 瑞典的Sweden n. 瑞典 （国名）eg. Sweden is in Europe.瑞典在欧洲。3、Englishadj. 英国的 n. 英语， 英国人England n. 英格兰，英国eg. Is Miss Sophie Dupont a English student?Yes, she is. No, she isnt. She is Swedish.4、Americanadj. 美国的 n.美国人America n. 美国eg. Are they American? No, they arent. They are Swedish.eg. America is a big country, too.5、Italianadj. 意大利的 n. 意大利人，意大利语Italy n. 意大利（国名）eg. What nationality are you? I am Italian.二、小结选择疑问句：回答必需要完整回答，上句声调，下句降调。注意a/an的使用。Is she a Chinese teacher or a Japanese teacher?She isnt a Chinese teacher. She is a Japanese teacher.Lesson 7 Are you a teacher?一、 单词讲解1、namen. 姓名My/ Your/ His / Her name is .eg. My name is Wendy.eg. I am eg. This is 2、whatadj.&pron. 什么含系动词的特殊疑问句结构： 特殊疑问句+系动词+主语？eg. What color is his shirt?eg. What is your name?3、nationalityn. 国籍eg. What nationality are you?你是哪国人？I am.eg. Where are you from?eg. Where do you come from?4、jobn. 工作eg. What is your job?eg. What do you do? 你的工作是什么？5、keyboardn. 电脑键盘Computer n. 电脑6、operatorn.操作人员operate v.操作keyboard operator=typist7、engineern.工程师eg. Is your father en engineer? No, he isn t. 二、课文讲解自我介绍：My name is.；I am 介绍别人：This is Lesson 8 Whats your job?一、单词讲解1、policemann.男警察 police n.警察2、policewomann.女警察3、taxi drivern.出租车司机 drive v.驾驶4、air hostessn.空中小姐 hostess n.女主人5、postmann.邮递员n.邮件 v.邮递=mail e-maileg. This is your post.eg. post a letter6、nursen.护士7、doctorn.医生8、mechanicn.机械师9、hairdressern.理发师10、housewifen.家庭妇女housework n.家务活 do houseworkeg. The housewife is doing housework.11、milkmann.送牛奶的人Lesson 9 How are you today?一、单词讲解1、how怎么样 （特殊疑问词）eg. How is it going? 近来怎样？eg. How are you? 身体好吗？（熟人之间）how many 多少（可数名词复数）eg. How many students?how much 多少（不可数名词，价格）eg. How much tea?eg. How much is the handbag?how long 多长时间eg. How long have you been in China?how often 多经常（频率）eg. How often do you take a bath?how far 多远（距离）eg. How far is it from here?how soon 多久（时间）eg. I am leaving for Shanghai on business.eg. How soon will you come back?2、todayn.今天 Yestoday n.昨天 Tomorrow n.明天3、well1） adv. 好（修饰动词）eg. He cooks well.eg. He dose well in English.2） adj. 身体好eg. How are you, today?eg. I am well/fine. Thank you, and you?4、seesee 表示结果eg. I see a bee.eg. I see a lot of money in her handbag.look 强调动作过程（从不看到看得过程）eg. Look at the blackboard.eg. Look at that fat man.watch 看，注视（所看画面是移动的）eg. watch TVeg. watch a football gameSee you=goodbyeeg. See you tomorrow.二、课文讲解1、And you? = And how are you?2、Nice to meet you.（初次见面时打招呼用语） Nice to see you.（相互认识的人见面时打招呼用）Lesson 10 Look at一、单