八年级英语八B第二单元语法课件牛津版.ppt

unittwotravelling,thefifthperiod-grammar,wheredoyouwanttotravel?,thegreatwall,theleaningtowerofpisa,mountfuji,hongkongdisneyland,现在完成时的意义及基本结构,什么情况下使用现在完成时?,1、过去发生的动作一直持续到现在,e.g.wehavelearntenglishforfiveyears.,2、过去发生的动作对现在产生了影响，与现在存在着联系,e.g.ihavelostmybike,soihavetowalktoschool.,现在完成时基本结构,have/has+p.p.(动词过去分词）,按要求改写句子,kittyhasbeentohongkongdisneylandmanytimes.,1、否定句,kittyhasntbeentohongkongdisneylandmanytimes.,2、一般疑问句并作肯定与否定回答,-haskittybeentohongkongdisneylandmanytimes?-yes,shehas./no,shehasnt.,3、对划线部分提问,wherehaskittybeentomanytimes?,写出下列动词的过去式与过去分词,1be2go3buy4keep5borrow6have7leave8diejoin10begin,was/were-beenwent-gonebought-boughtkept-keptborrowed-borrowedhad-hadleft-leftdied-diedjoined-joinedbegan-begun,用所给动词的适当形式填空,1_you_(read)thisbookbefore?2.mrsmith_(be)asoldiersince1987.3nobody_(finish)theprojectyet.4howlong_you_(study)inthisschool?5we_(know)eachothersincewewereveryyoung.6icantfindmyrubber.who_(take)it?7i_(teach)englishfor10years.8iwontgotothecinematonightbecausei_(see)thefilm.9heisnothere.he_(go)tothecinema.10liping_(be)toamericatwice.,have/hasgone&have/hasbeen,have/hasgone表示“去了某个地方但尚未回来”e.g.kittyhasgonetohongkongwithherfamily.theywilllcomebacknextweek.,have/hasbeen表示“去过某个地方并且已经回来”e.g.danilandsandyhavebeentosouthhill.theywillcomebacknextweek.,1、millie去过南山许多次了。,milliehasbeentosouthhillmanytimes.,2、millie和amy去书店买书了。他们一小时后回来。,millieandamyhavegonetothebookshoptobuybooks.theywillbebackinanhour.,瞬间性动词与持续性动词,瞬间性动词(come、go、leave)不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,可以用于一般过去时和ago连用。e.g.(1)kittyleftbeijingtwodaysago.(2)kittyboughtherpurseayearago.,持续性动词（be、know、study)可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用（for12years、since1978、sincewewereyoung)表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在甚至和将来都有关系。e.g.(1)ihavebeenateacherforeightyears.(2)myfamilyhashadacarsincetwoyearsago.,对一段时间提问用howlong,瞬间性动词与持续性动词的同义句转换,myfamilyboughtacartwoyearsago.=myfamilyhashadacarsincetwoyearsago.,buy(瞬间性动词）-have/hashad（持续性动词）,瞬间性动词对应的持续性动词,1.直接用延续性动词buyhavecatch(get)acoldhaveacoldborrowkeepcome/go/becomebeputon-wear,2.转换成be+名词jointhearmybeasoldierjointhepartybeapartymembergotoschoolbeastudent,3转换成be+形容词或副词diebedeadfinishbeoverbeginbeonleavebeawayfallsleepbeasleepclosebeclosed,4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschoolbeinschooljointhearmybeinthearmy,tostrikewhiletheironishot(趁热打铁）,翻译下列各句。,1.我们买这本书三年了.,wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.,weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.,2.他感冒三天了.,hehashadacoldforthreedays.,hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.,3.自从上星期我借的这本书,ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.,iborrowedthebooklastweek.,4.我成为一个学生两年多了.,ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.,ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.,5.mrblack死了三年了。,mrblackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.,mrblackdiedthreeyearsago.,tostrikewhiletheironishot(趁热打铁）,6.小名参军半年了。,xiaominghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear,7.我们上了8年学了。,wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.,8.下课10分钟了,theclasshasbeenoverforten