2018高考英语全国卷1真题完整版.doc

WORD格式绝密启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（1卷）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.2.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.Shesgenerous.B.Shescurious.C.Sheshelpful.3.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.4.Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。专业资料整理 16.Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.7.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology.B.Education.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.9.Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Athome11.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.12.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike.B.Joan.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.C.Tohaveamealtogether.14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.Itsagoodsize.B.Itsnewlypainted.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?C.Chemistry.C.Ataxidriver.C.Atarestaurant.C.Workextrahours.C.Catherine.C.Itsquality.C.Itsadequatelyequipped.2A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.18.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.B.AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whenhewas15yearsold.19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.Hesproud.B.Hessympathetic.C.Hesgrateful.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.DurationTourThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticway/toseeaworld-famouscherrytrees/withbeautifulflowers/ofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylesson/aboutthetreesandthefamousmonuments/wheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspot/beforeavailabilitythecherryblossomsdisappear!华盛顿特区自行车旅行樱桃花开的自行车之旅/在华盛顿特区时间之旅这小团体自行车之旅是一个极好的方式/去看世界著名的樱桃树/伴随着漂亮的花/关于华盛顿特区。你的导游将带给你一节历史课/关于那些树和那些著名的历史遗迹/在它们兴旺的地方。保留好你的斑斑点点/在可用性之前那樱桃兴旺消失！3WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.华盛顿首都纪念碑自行车之旅持续时间：3小时（4英里）加入一个有指导的的自行车之旅，并且观察一些/关于那最流行的纪念碑/在华盛顿特区。探索那些纪念碑和纪念馆/在国家广场/当你的导游分享一些独特的事情和历史的时候/在每个站。有指导的旅游包含自行车，头盔，饼干和瓶装的水CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.城市首都自行车之旅/在华盛顿特区持续时间：3小时早晨或者下午，这个自行车之旅是那最好的旅行/对于特区新来者和当地人/看/用一个健康的方式/伴随着最小的努力。有见识的导游将招待你/用最有趣的故事/关于总统，国会，纪念碑，和公园。舒服的自行车和顺利的旅行路线使得骑脚踏车消遣/在两个地点之间/变得有趣和令人放松的。WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.华盛顿首都地点/在晚上/自行车之旅持续时间：3小时（7英里）参加一个小团体自行车之旅/在夜晚/踏勘的/在那心中/华盛顿特区的。起立亲近地/到那些纪念碑和纪念馆4去/当你骑行那些地点的时候/美国国会大厦和那国家广场的。频繁的停下来被制造/为了拍照/当你的导游提供独特的事实和历史时。旅行包含自行车，头盔，和瓶装的水。全部骑手被配备/伴随反光衣和保险灯。21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.你需要/去预定哪一个旅行/提前A.樱桃花开的自行车之旅/在华盛顿特区B华盛顿首都纪念碑自行车之旅C城市首都自行车之旅/在华盛顿特区D.华盛顿首都地点/在晚上/自行车之旅22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.B.Gotoanationalpark.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.你将做什么/在那首都城市自行车之旅A. 遇见著名的人B. 走/到一个国家公园去C. 参观知名的博物馆D. 享受有趣的故事23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.那自行车之旅/在晚上/提供哪一个/那下列事物的A.城市地图B.照相机C.进餐D.保险灯5BGoodMorningBritainSusannaReidisused/togrillingguests/onthesofa/everymorning,butsheiscookingupastorm/inherlatestroleshowingfamilies/howtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmeals/onatightbudget.早上好英国里的苏珊娜里德习惯的/去/烧烤客人/在沙发上/每天早晨，但是她正虚造一个暴风雨/在她的最新角色里-展示家庭/如何去准备美味的和有营养的膳食/在一个紧的预算上。Used习惯的adj.Cookup虚构，伪造Storm暴风雨，大动荡n.Tightbudget紧的预算InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekand/withthehelp/ofchefMattTebbutt/offerstoptips/on/howtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipes/forunder5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersays/shesbeenable/toputalot/of/whatsheslea/inttopractice/inherownhome,preparingmeals/forsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.在省钱方面上：好的食物，她每周拜访一个不同的家并且/伴随着那帮助/厨师MT的/提供顶端的秘诀/在/如何去减少食物浪费方面上，同时准备食谱/。并且那早上好英国提出者说/她有能力/放很多/关于/她学习到的东西/到实践里/在她自己的家中，准备膳食/给儿子们，14岁的山姆，13岁的芬恩，和11岁的杰克。PutAintoB放A到B里WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,sheexplains.Ipay5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswerenotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.“我们喜爱墨西哥油炸饼，所以我买们/在我的手机上/从我当地的墨西哥外卖餐馆，”她解释到。“我花5/为了一份，但是Matt使得他们/成为26一份，因为他们是面粉，水，糖和油。个人能够买外卖食物，但是有时候我们不知道多么地便宜/我们可以使得这食物成为我们自己的。Theeight-partseries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,follows/inthefootsteps/ofITVsSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadvice/on/howtogetvalue/fromthevastrange/ofhealthproducts/onthemarket.那八集的系列节目，省钱：美食，跟随/在那脚步内/电视台的省钱：好健康，这些给予电视观众们建议/在/如何去获得价值/从那广阔范围/健康产品的/在那市场上。6Eight-part八集的Vastrange广阔范围Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtime/withadifferentfamilyeachweek.IntonightsEasterspecial/theycome/totheaid/ofafamily/inneed/ofsomedeliciousinspiration/onabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamilyslong/ofwecekendlebration/withlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.伴随着食物我们每周最大的家庭开支，苏珊娜和Matt花费时间/伴随着一个不同的家庭/每周。在今晚特殊的复活节他们来/到那帮助去/一个家庭的/在需要当中/一些美味灵感的/在一个预算上。那队伍改变了那家庭的长周末/庆祝的/伴随着较少昂贵的但仍然美味的食谱。Weekly每周的，一周一次的adj.Household家庭的，日常的adj.Expense开支，消费n.Tonight今晚n.Easter复活节n.Aid帮助，援助n.Inspiration灵感nBudget预算，预算费n.Transform改变vt.Longweekend长周末Tastyrecipes美味的食谱24. Whatdoweknow/aboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoys/embarrassingherguests.C.Shedislikes/workingearly/inthemorning.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.D.Shehashadatightbudget/forherfamily.我们知道什么/关于苏珊娜里德？（weknowwhat/aboutSusannaReid）A.她享受/使她的顾客尴尬B.她已经开始了一个新计划C她不喜欢/提早工作/在早上D.她已经有一个紧缩的预算/为她的家庭Embarrass使尴尬，使困窘vt.Dislike不喜欢vt.Tightbudget紧缩的预算25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterials/forher.B.Hepreparesfood/forherkids.7C.Heassistsher/in/cookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamilies/forher.MattTebbutt如何帮助苏珊娜？（MattTebbutthowhelpSusanna）A.他买烹饪材料/给她B.他准备食物/给她的孩子们C他帮助她/在/烹饪事情方面上D.他邀请家庭顾客/为她Materials材料n.Matter事情，事件n.26. Whatdoestheauthorintend/todo/inparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.B.Providesomeadvice/forthereaders.D.Introduceanewtopic/fordiscussion.那作者打算/要做什么/在第四自然段？（theauthorintend/todowhat/inparagraph4）A总结先前的段落B.提供一些建议/给那读者们C增加一些背景信息D.介绍一个新的主题/来讨论Summarize总结，概述vt.Previous先前的，以前的adj.Background背景n.Information信息n.（不可数n.）Suggestion建议n.（可数n）Advice建议n.（不可数n）Discussion讨论n.27. Whatcanbeasuitabletitle/forthetext?A.KeepingFit/byEatingSmartC.MakingyourselfaPerfectChefB.BalancingOurDailyDietD.CookingWell/forLess什么可以成为一个适合的标题/给那文本？（Whatcanbeasuitabletitle/forthetext）A保持健康的/通过聪明的吃B.平衡我们的日常饮食C使得你自己成为一个完美的厨师D.很好地烹饪/为了更少Fit健康的，合适的adj.EatingSmart聪明地吃（eating是n）Make使得成为C8Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworldlanguagessarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsdominantunderlinedinparagraph2？A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800B.About3,400C.About2,400D.About1,20031. Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.9B.Peopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.DWemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.Thatsbadnewsfortheenvironmentandourwalletsastheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslifefromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntthrowoutouroldones.Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekidsroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.Werenotjustkeepingtheseolddeviceswecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbittsteam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhatsthesolution（解决方案）?Theteamsdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.33. WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch?A. Toreducethecostofminerals.B. Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.10C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesignsomethingyoullalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyoulllovetolivein.Doyouwthatsfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthererereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.Theyrethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves39 .Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryourelookinwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.WhateveryourelookingforC.IfyoureexperimentingwithacolorD.Smallcolorchoicesaretheonesweremostfamiliarwith11E.ItsnotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferingafreecourse,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesntwantto42afewdollars?Morethanthat,Idalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIwerent43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegames46.Icouldhardlywaitto47him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis48wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit49thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat53andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe54.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,Imstillputtingtousewhathe55me:“Theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood57.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手）isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringt