大学英语语法全书ppt课件

CollegeEnglishGrammar-Instructionair;sun;computer地点：London;theater;classroom抽象事物：love;happiness;imagination,Contents,ClassificationofNoun(名词分类：按结构分),名词分类,简单名词,复合名词,派生名词,Contents,简单名词(SimpleNoun)man;egg;table;wood;water;snow;etc.复合名词:(CompoundNoun)classroom;football;motherland;bookworm派生名词：(DerivativeNoun)disagreement;teacher;expectation;etc.,可数名词系统(规则名词),可数名词,一般加-s,以s,x,sh,ch.结尾，加-es,以辅音字母+y,y变i,加es,以f;fe结尾，把f,fe,变v,再加es,以辅音字母+o结尾，一般加es,规则可数名词系统,1.可数名词（CountableNoun）规则名词复数形式的构成规则大多数名词变复数时直接加-s,deskdesks;catcats;househouses(2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词在词尾加-es.busbuses；boxboxes(3)以o结尾的名词大多加-s,如kilokilos;pianopianos;radioradios等。但heroheroes;potatopotatoes等一般加-es,(4)以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词变y为i再加-es,如familyfamilies;ladyladies.(5)以f或fe结尾的名词，把f或fe变为v再加-es,如leafleaves;wifewives;knifeknives.但chiefchiefs;roofroofs等只加-s(6)专有名词变为复数时一般只加-s，如HenryHenrys;KennedyKennedys,不规则可数名词系统(1),不规则可数名词,字母，数字用作单词时，一般加s,年代和缩写时，加-s,不规则可数名词体系（1）,(1)字母、数字被用作单词时常加s构成复数，如:Your3slooklike8s.Mindyourpsandqs.(2)年代和缩写词的复数通常加-s构成，有时也可加s构成，如:19901990s/1990sVIPVIPs/VIPs,不规则名词复数（2）,不规则名词复数系统（2）,改变名词元音、辅音,单、复数同形,外来词保持原有形式,复数形式有两种，但意义不同,不规则名词复数（2）,2)不规则名词复数构成规则有些名词以改变元音、辅音的方法变为复数，如：footfeet;goosegeesemanmen;childchildren;oxoxen(2)有些名词单复数同形。如：deerdeer;sheepsheep;meansmeans;worksworks,(3)有些外来词保留原有的复数形式，如：analysisanalyses;datumdata;bacteriumbacteria;crisiscrises(4)少数外来词有两种复数形式，不规则变化的为科学术语，而加-s多用于一般场合如：antenna(触角、天线)antennae/antennasapparatus(机构、器官)apparatus/apparatuses,Contents,(5)少数外来词的英语复数形式同原有的复数形式意义不同，如：indexindices(指数)indexes(索引)geniusgenii(妖怪)geniuses(天才)appendixappendices(附录)appendixes(盲肠),5.复合名词：复数系统,复合名词复数体系,将主要名词变为复数,由man和woman所构成的复数，它所修饰的词，也变复数,没有名词的复数，通常把-s加在最后的单词上,复合名词的复数,1).将主要名词变为复数，如：editor-in-chiefeditors-in-chieflooker-onlookers-on2).由man;woman加名词构成的复数名词，需将man;woman及其所修饰的名词同时变为复数，如:man-doctormen-doctorswoman-teacherwomen-teachers3).没有名词的复数名词，通常把-s加在最后一个词上，如:grown-upgrown-ups;break-downbreak-downs,名词的格系统,名词的格系统,通格,属格,英语的格功能：通格功能：当名词在句中充当主语、宾语、补语时，名词词形无变化，此时称为通格。属格功能：当名词在句中表示所有或其他某些关系时，称属格，可分s属格和of属格。,S属格系统,S属格系统,S属格的使用场合,s属格的意义,-S属格使用场合：1.用于人名、有生命的、或视为有生命的东西的名词：（thestudentsbooks;thedogstail;Marysfather,etc.）2.用于表示地理、国家、城市、天体、文化艺术活动、时间、度量、价值等名(Chinasreform;Beijingsweather;thesunslight,aweeksholidays,etc.),-S属格的意义：1.表示所有关系（Mr.Smithspassporthasbeencheckedup.）2.表示逻辑上主谓关系（Thevisitorsarrivalwasreportedintodayspapers.）3.表示逻辑上动宾关系（Theenemysdefeatbroughtthewartoanend.）4.表示同位关系（TomboughtthebookatBrowns,thebooksellers.,Contents,5.表示与人类活动有联系的其他关系（thegirlsstorythestoryofthegirl）,名词的性系统,名词的性系统,阳性man;brother,阴性woman;girl,中性book;sky,通性child;worker,名词的功能系统,名词的功能体系,主语,宾语,主语补语,宾语补语,定语,同位语,状语,独立成分,1.主语：Myfamilyisnowinthecountry.Tomliveson72ndStreet.2.宾语：Weloveoursocialistmotherland.Ibelieveyouareheretoseemydaughter.3.主语补足语：Heisconsideredagoodteacher.Shewastakenforafool.,4.宾语补足语：Theycalledhimahero.TheynamedtheirsonJohn.5.定语：Theairconditioningworkswell.Thisisastonebridge.6.同位语：Smith,ourEnglishteacher,iscomingnow.Monroe,afamousmoviestar,tooksuicide.,7.状语：Thehousecosthim300,000dollars.Afterthat,Marryvisitedtheboyeveryday.8.独立成分：Hurryup,Mary!Gowithmyblessing,myfriend!,语法专练名词,1Whatsthematter?Ihavea_.Ihavetogotothedoctor.AheadB.toothC.coldD.nose2.What_doyoulikebetter?Basketball.AfoodB.subjectC.sportD.music,C,C,3.Recently,manypeopledarenoteat_becauseofH7N9(禽流感)AeggsorchickensB.eggsorchickenC.eggorchickensD.eggorchicken4.UncleWangboughttwo_formeyesterday.A.breadB.milkC.dictionaryD.watches,B,D,5.Hello!IsthatJennyspeaking?Sorry,Imafraidyouvegotthewrong_A.numberB.nameC.addressD.message6.Doyouthinkthe_ofthisskirtsuitsmeOfcourse!Youalwayslookbeautifulinred.AsizeB.designC.priceD.color,A,D,7.Youdbetterreadthe_firstbeforeyouusethecameraAwebsitesB.expressionsCinstructionsD.advertisements8.Thestudentsdidntfindmuch_aboutthetopiconthatwebsite.AreportB.articleC.informationD.story,C,C,9.Ihavegreat_infinishingtheworkbymyself.Couldyouhelpme?Noproblem.AfunB.successC.adviceD.difficulty10.Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls?_please.A.TwoglassofwaterB.TwoglassofwatersC.TwocupsofteaD.Twocupsofteas,D,C,11.Kateis_girl.Shesveryhappyatschool.A.aeighteen-year-oldB.aneighteen-year-oldC.aneighteen-years-oldD.aeighteen-years-old12.Afterhehaddonehismath_,hewentouttotake_A.exercise;exercisesB.exercise;exerciseC.exercises;exerciseD.exercises;exercises,B,C,解析exercise意为“练习”时，是可数名词；意为“锻炼”时，是不可数名词。,13.Ithinkthathiscomputerismuchbetterthan_AanyoneBanyonesCanyoneelseDanyoneelses,解析else是形容词，意为“其他的，另外的”，修饰不定代词时要后置；anyoneelse的名词所有格为anyoneelses。,D,14.Thepenwriteswell.Wheredidyougetit?Oh，_gavemeasabirthdaypresent.AaworkmateofmyfatherBaworkmateofminefathersCaworkmateofmyfathersD.aworkmateofminefather15.ThemountainIvisitedlastSundayisntvery_.Few_gosightseeingthere.A.tourist;touristsB.touristy;touristC.touristy;touristsD.tourist;tourist,C,C,16.Lookatthemanoverthere.Heis_uncle.AJimsandTimsB.JimsandTimCJimandTimD.JimandTims17.Chineseastronautscanalsowalkinspacenow.Yes,theyre_ournation.AproudofB.pleasedwithCtheprideofD.knownfor,D,C,18.HewasborninItaly,buthehasmadeChinahis_AfamilyB.addressChouseD.home19.How_isitfromXiantoDunhuang?Itslessthan3_flight.Along;hoursB.far;hoursClong;hoursD.far;hours,D,D,Chapter3:Determinative(限定词)限定词定义：限定词是在名词短语中起修饰作用并通过多种方式把一个名词的所指范围给予具体说明的一类词。它们用于名词之前来表示特指、泛指和定量或是不定量的概念。,限定词种类1.冠词（定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词）2.物主限定词(PossessiveDeterminer)3.名词属格(GenitiveNoun)4.指示限定词(DemonstrativeDeterminer)5.关系限定词(RelativeDeterminer),6.疑问限定词(InterrogativeDeterminer)7.不定限定词(IndefiniteDeterminer)8.基数词(CardinalNumeral)9.序数词(OrdinalNumeral)10.倍数词(MultiplicativeNumeral)11.分数词(FractionalNumeral),12.量词(Quantifier)限定词与名词的搭配1.限定词(the,some,any,no,other,whose,myyour,our,his,her,its,their)、名词属格(myfriends)等能与名词搭配(单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词),Forexample:thebook,thebooks,somebooks,anymoney,nomoney,Johnsfather,whosepen,etc.2.限定词(a,an,one,another,each,every,either,neither,manya,sucha)与单数可数名词搭配。,Forexample:eachstudent,eitherbook,manyabus,anegg,suchaboy,anothercar,etc.3.限定词(both,two,three,anothertwo/three,many,afew,few,several,these,those,anumberof,etc.)与复数名词搭配。,Forexample:bothstudents,anothertwoweeks,manyeggs,severalmonths,anumberofbooks,afewpens4.限定词(alittle,abitof,alargeamountof,agreatdealof,much,less,etc.)与不可数名名词搭配。,Forexample:muchnoise,alargeamountofmoney,littlespace,abitofwater,lesstime,agreatdealofrice,alittleair,etc.5.限定词(thefirst,thesecond,thelast,etc.)与可数名词搭配。,Forexample:thefirstrose,thefirstroses,thenextparty,thenextparties,thelastperson,thelastpersons6.限定词(this,that)与单数可数名词、不可数名词搭配,Forexample:thisperson,thatperson,thiswork,thatwork7.限定词(alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,more,most,such,other)与复数名词、不可数名词搭配。Forexample:,alotofflowers,lotsofmoney,plentyofdesks,enoughfood,mostpeople,suchbread,moretime,othercountries,etc.8.限定词与限定词的搭配英语中，限定词与限定词之间也存在着搭配关系。在名词词组中心词之前如果有两,个或两个以上限定词出现时，就会产生限定词的先后顺序。按照限定词与限定词之间的不同搭配位置可分为前位限定词、中位限定词和后位限定词。1)前位限定词包括all,both,half,double,etc.,2)中位限定词包括a(n),the,zero,this,that,these,those,my,your,myfathers,some,any,no,every,each,either,neither,what,which,whose,enough,etc.3)后位限定词包括one,two,three,first,next,last,other,another,many,much,afew,etc.,4.三类限定词的搭配关系如果一个名词词组带有上类限定词，其搭配按照“前位中位后位”顺序排列。Forexample:allyourthreebooks;alltheselastfewdays5.限定词的用法,1)限定词such的用法用来复指上文,指上述一类Henoticedhernecklace.Suchjewelsmusthavecostthousands,hethought.(2)用来预指后文（像后面所提及那样）SuchpoetsasKeatsandShelleywrote,Romanticpoetry.2)限定词some和any的用法some(一些)的用法可与复数名词、不可数名词连用(2)当做“某一”解时，也可与单数名词连用Youwillbesorryforthissomeday.,Somepersonhasseenyoubreaktherule.(3)Some用于其他句式中A:在疑问句中:说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。在Wouldyoulike句式中，表委婉请求或建议。Aretheresomelettersforme?,Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?B:在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时。Ifyouneedsomehelp,letmeknow.C:当否定的是整体中的部分时，some可用于否定句。Ihaventheardfromsomeofmyfriends,any(一些)的用法。any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中，当句中含有“任何”的意思时，any可用于肯定句。Therearentanylettersforme.Arethereanyquestionstoask?,Ifyouhaveanytrouble,pleaseletmeknow.Anychildcouldanswerthatquestion.3)限定词much,many,alotof的用法4)限定词afew,few,alittle,little的用法,1.冠词定义：冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所指的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。,Chapter4冠词系统(Article),2.冠词种类,冠词系统,冠词,定冠词the,不定冠词,an(元音开头）,a(辅音开头）,3.定冠词的功能,冠词系统,实践表明，与不定冠词相比，定冠词的使用显得更难一点。但是，若将其用法按内在的联系进行归纳和联想，无疑会大大减少学习和掌握它的用法。请看口诀：沙漠群岛和群山，江河海峡洋海湾。阶级党派朝代名，家族民族和报刊。习语特指独有词，普通名词专有含。计量单位洋乐器，人和事物再次谈。方位序数最高级，前面都需定冠词。,(1)theSaharaDesert(撒哈拉沙漠)theGobiDesert(戈壁沙漠)(2)thePenghuIslands(彭湖列岛)theBalkanPeninsula(巴尔干半岛)(3)theUrals(乌拉尔山脉)theHimalayas(喜马拉雅山脉)(4)theYaluRiver(鸭绿江）theWusuliRiver(乌苏里江),(5)theTaiwanStraits(台湾海峡)theEnglishChannel(英吉利海峡)(6)theEastChinaSea(东海)theMediterraneanSea(地中海)(7)thePersianGulf(波斯湾)theBayofBengal(孟加拉湾)(8)theworkingclass(工人阶级)theproletariat(无产阶级）,(9)theCommunistParty(共产党)theDemocraticParty(民主党)(10)theTangDynasty(唐朝)theMingDynasty(明朝)theStoneAge(石器时代)(11)theBrowns(布朗一家)theChinese(中华民族),(12)ThePeoplesDaily(人民日报)ThePyongyangTimes(平壤时报)(13)inthecaseof(对而言)incaseof(万一，假使)inthetrade(内行，行家)intrade(做买卖)bytheday(按日计算)byday(在白天),inthechurch(在教堂里)inchurch(做礼拜)taketheair(呼吸新鲜空气)takeair(传播，泄密)(14)表示特指Hecametothedecisionthathemustactatonce.,(15)theNationalPeoplesCongresstheMinistryofEducationtheUnitedNationtheRedCrossHospital(16)Wesellpotatoesbythekilo.Inthisjob,wearepaidbythehour.Canwepaybytheweek?,(17)playtheviolinplaythepianoplaytheguitarplayer-huplaypi-pa(18)Theoldmanhasason.Thesonisinourschool.,(19)ChinafacesthePacificontheeast.Ihavereadthethirdchapter.HeisthekindestmanIknow.Lighttravelsthefastestofallformsofmatters.,4.不定冠词的功能,冠词系统,顾名思义，不定冠词表示的是一种不确定、非特指、泛泛而谈的语法概念。它是名词的标志之一。由于它的基本含义是“一”，因此常和单数可数名词连用。然而，它又不仅仅表示“一”这个数量。请看口诀：不定冠词有两种，(a;an)“一”的含义全相同(abook;anhour)元音开头需用“an”，(anhour;anapple)“a”在辅音前面用。(abook;aman),冠词系统,常置单数名词前，表示某类和某种。(Adogisausefulthing)泛泛而谈非特指，初次提到不相重。(astudent;thestudent)长度重量和时间，与它连作单位用。(Itistwoyuanafoot),冠词系统,某些词组及搭配，约定俗成少不通。(ataloss;asawhole),5.零冠词的功能,冠词系统,零冠词的基本用法口诀：物质名词抽象词，复数名词泛指时。身份职务或头衔，用作同位、表、补语。月份、季节、节假日，棋类球类运动词。,冠词系统,并列相关人和数，三餐餐名称呼语。专有名词和搭配广告电报及标题，,1.Mancantlivewithoutair;Honestyisthebestpolicy。2.ProfessorLi,deanoftheForeignLanguageDepartment.3.inMarch,onNationalday4.playchess;playgulf5.Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.,6.Whatdidyouhaveforbreakfast?7.ThisisHill101,General.8.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.,9.fromwork(下班)10.gotosleep(入睡)11.bychance(碰巧)12.ineffect(实际上)13.onfile(存档)14.learnbyheart(背熟)15.frombeginningtoend(从头到尾)16.forhire(空车：出租车用),17.ScopeofSalesExhibition(展销范围)18.LiaisonofBusiness(业务联系)19.BOYBORNAUGUSTSIXTHBOTHWell(儿八月六日出生，母子平安)20.FATHERCRITICALLYILL.RETURNSOONEST(父病危，速归)21.ManKilledonMountain,1.Doyouknow_womaninred?Yes,shesaprofessorof_university.A.the;aBa;anCthe;anD/;the2.Mariawouldlike_orange,not_orangejuice.A.a;theB/;anCan;/Dan;an,A,C,Exercise,3.VeraandMikecomefrom_Europeancountry.Theyarein_sameschoolnow.A.a;theB.an;theC.the;theD.an;an4.ZhuZhiwenwas_usualfarmerseveralyearsago.Butnowheis_famoussinger.Hecanplay_piano.A.an;a;theB.a;a;theC.an;a;/D.a;a;/,A,B,5.Weshouldoffertheseatsto_oldonthebus.A.anB/Cthe6.Thisis_classroomwhereweoftenattendlectures.A.aBanCtheD/7.Wheredoyoulive?Iliveon_secondfloor.A.aBanCtheD/,C,C,C,8._Greensarecomingtoseeus.A.ABAnCTheD/9.DonttalktoSimonlikethat.Heisonly_eleven-year-oldboy.AaBanCtheD/10.Heusuallygoestoschoolon_foot.A.aB.anC.theD/,C,B,D,11.Whatdoyouusuallyhavefor_breakfast?Apieceofbreadand_egg.Aa;anB.不填;theCa;theD.不填；an12.Simonis_honestboy.Nowheisstudyingat_university.A.a;anB.an;aC.the;aD.the;a,D,B,13.Haveyouseen_iPhone5?Ileftitherethismorning.Isit_blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.an;theB.an;aC.the;aD.the;/14.Thisisausefuldictionary,Ithink.Soitis,andits_unusualone.A.theB.anC.aD.不填,B,B,15.Thisis_bookItoldyouaboutyesterday.AaB.theC.anD./16.Agoodbeginningmakes_goodending.AaB.anC.theD/17.Ilike_colorofyourcoat.Illbuy_blouselikethiscolor.A.the;theB.a;C.the;aD.a;the,B,A,C,18.Doyouknowaspaceshipfliesataboutnineteenkilometers_second?A.theB.aC/D.an19.Ithinkitsreally_hardworkformetofinishthejobintwentyminutes.AaB.anC.theD.不填,B,D,20._GreensarepreparingforthecomingThanksgivingDay.A/BAC.AnD.The,解析“the姓氏的复数形式”表示“一家人或夫妇二人”，谓语动词用复数。,D,21.Ofthetwopencils,theboylikes_one.AlessexpensiveBtheleastexpensiveCthelessexpensiveDthemostexpensive,解析“the比较级”表示“两者中较的一个”。,C,22._YangtzeRiverisoneof_longestriversin_world.AThe;the;theBThe;a;aCA;the;aD/;the;the23._youngshouldtakegoodcareof_old.A.The;/B.A;TheC.A;anD.The;the24._moonmovesaround_earth,andtheyaresmallerthan_sun.A.The;an;aB.A;the;/C/;/;/D.The;the;the,A,D,D,25.Wehavethreemeals_day.Wehave_breakfastatseven.A.a;theB.a;/C.the;theDthe;a,解析threemealsaday意为“一日三餐”，a相当于each,every。havebreakfast意为“吃早餐”，其前不用冠词。,B,26.HarryPotteris_interestingfilm.Ihaveseen_filmtwice.A.an;aB.an;theC.the;aD.the;the27._Chinaisnolonger_Chinaofthepast.A./;/B.The;theC.The;/D./;the,B,D,解析前者是表示国家的专有名词，其前不加冠词,后者由限制性定语所修饰，故应加定冠词。,28.Areyougoingtolearn_secondlanguagein_thirdgrade?A.a;theB.a;aC.the;theD.the;a,解析前者是不定冠词与序数词连用，不定冠词表示“又一，再一”的意思。后者是序数词前加定冠词表顺序。,A,29.Weallknow_glassismadeof_glass.A.a;/B.the;aC./;aD.a;the,解析前一个glass表示“玻璃杯”，是可数名词，前加不定冠词表示类别；后一个glass表示“玻璃”，是不可数名词。,A,1.代词的定义：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。英语代词使用很广泛。,Chapter5:代词系统,2.代词分类系统：,代词系统,代词种类类系统,人称代词,物主代词,相互代词,疑问代词,关系代词,不定代词,反身代词,指示代词,(1).人称代词系统：,代词系统,人称代词,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,单数,复数,主格I,宾格me,宾格us,主格we,单数,复数,主格you,宾格you,主格you,宾格you,单数,复数,主格heshe,it,主格they,宾格himher,it,宾格them,(2).物主代词系统：,代词系统,物主代词,形容词性,名词性,第一人称my,our,第二人称your,第三人称their,his,herits,第三人称theirshis;hers;its,第二人称yours,第一人称mine,ours,物主代词形态的共性与个性：形态形容词性名词性个性人称mine第一人称单数my复数our单数mine复数ours第二人称单数your复数your单数yours复数yours第三人称单数his复数their单数his复数theirshisher/itshers/itsits,代词系统,(3).反身代词系统：,代词系统,反身代词,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,单数myself,复数ourselves,单数yourself,复数yourselves,单数himselfherselfitself,复数themselves,反身代词形态的共性与个性：形态形容词性物主代词反身代词人称单数my复数our单数复数第一人称myselfourselves单数复数第二人称单数your复数youryourselfyourselves单数his单数himself；复数第三人称her复数theirherselfthemselvesitsitself,(4).相互代词系统：,相互代词,eachother,oneanother,宾格eachother,属格eachothers,宾格oneanother,属格oneanothers,相互代词的形式与用法：宾格属格eachother相互eachothers相互的oneanother相互oneanothers相互的在当代英语中，eachother和oneanother可以通用，皆可指两个或两个以上的人或物，但有些语法家认为前者多用于特指某一集体，语气较为亲切，后者多用于泛指一般情况。,相互代词用法：1.宾语：YouandIunderstandeachotherperfectly.Theyhavebeenseparatedfromoneanother.2.(属格）定语：Lastyearwevisitedeachotherscapitals.Theylookedintoeachotherseyesforasilentmoment.,(5).指示代词系统：,指示代词,单数,复数,this,that,these,those,this(these)与that(those)比较1.在空间与时间上的所指不同this(these)一般用来指空间或时间上较近的事物，that(those)一般用来指空间或时间上较远的事物。1)表空间：Thisbuildingwasbuiltlastyear;thatwasbuiltmanyyearsago.ThisisamapofChina.ThatisamapoftheWorld.,2)表时间Youcantswimatthistimeoftheyear.Hewantsthatdaytocomesoonerratherthanlater.Notice:thosedays与thesedays的区别：thosedays指往昔，thesedays指当前。2.在所讲事物上的所指不同that和those往往指前面讲过的事物，this和these,则指下面将要讲到的事物。TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofGuangzhou.Thatisagoodidea.Yougotofreshplaces.Describethose.Illsaythisforyou;youarethinkingallthetimeWrittenonthewallarethesewords:Wewantpeace.,(6).疑问代词系统：,疑问代词,主语,宾语,who,what,which,定语,whomwhat,whose,which,表语,who,what,(7).关系代词系统：,关系代词,主语,宾语,who,that,which,as,定语,whom,aswhich，that,whose,(8).不定代词系统：,不定代词,every+,any+,some+,nothing,all,none,each,another,other,theotherothers,1.all,every,each的比较each可指少到两个，all，every则至少指三个all表所有项目的总和，是一不可分割的整体AllthestudentsarefromGuangxi.every是由各个项目集合成一个整体，其构成成分有共性。EverystudentisfromGuangxi.Each的注意力集中在个别项目上，其构成成分各具特性。,EachstudentisfromGuangxi.Notice:all常和复数名词或不可数名词连用。,3.代词的语法功能系统：主语功能：Shehesitatedamoment,andthensatdown.WhoisyourEnglishteacher?Thisisthemanwhohelpedmewithmyhomework.Someoneiscomingtoseeyoulater.Pleasetellmewhichisyours?Whathappenedlastnight?,(2)宾语功能：Atfirst,helikedtotellussomethingimportant.Weallcalledhim“littlehero”.Thisisthebookwhichwelikebest.Whatareyoudoinghere?WedoasourPartyasksustodo.Inoursociety,wemusthelpeachother.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.,3.代词的语法功能系统：(3)定语功能：Whichbookdoyoulikebest,thisoneorthatone?Heisourmonitorwhosefatherworkshere.WeliketotalksomethingabouteachothersideasWhoseansweriscorrect?Theirideasseemverycrazy.,3.代词的语法功能系统：(4)表语功能：Thatisallfortoday.Webelievehewillbecomessomebodyoneday.Whatishe?WhoisyourEnglishteacher?,1.Icantfindmypen.Couldyouhelp_findit?A.meBherChimDthem2.Jack,isthere_intodaysnewspaper?No,nothing.A.anythingimportantBsomethingimportantC.importantanythingDimportantsomething,A,A,Exercise,3.Dad,whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?_isOK.Idontmind.A.BothB.NeitherC.AllD.Either4.IsyouriPadblack,Jenny?No,itisnt._iswhite.A.YoursBMineCHersDHis5.Ifind_hardtolearnEnglishwell.A.thisBitCthatDthey,D,B,B,6.MyfriendJennyoftenhelps_with_English.A.I;meBme;myCmy;meDI;my7.Iamalittlehungry,Mom.Therearesomecakesontheplate.Youcantake_A.itBoneCthatDThis8.Excuseme,isthis_iPadmini?No,itisnt._isathome.A.your;MineB.your;MyC.yours;MyD.yours;Mine,B,B,A,9.WhatdoyouthinkofthemoviebyZhaoWei?Terrific.Ilike_verymuch.A.itB.himC.herD.you10._iswaitingforyouatthegate.Hewantstosaythankstoyou.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.EverybodyD.Nobody,A,A,11.Thereisacupoftea.Pleasepass_tome.AoneB.itC.thisD.that12.DoyouknowtheboysittingbetweenPeterand_?AsheBIChisD.me13.Thereissomesaltinthebowl.Pleasepass_tome.AitB.oneCthemDthis,B,D,A,14.MerryChristmas,George!Hereisacardfor_with_bestwishes.Ayou;ourBus;yourCyou;yourDus;our15.Isthis_newbook,Shirley?No,itisnt.Maybeits_Ayour;hisB.your;himCyours;hisD.yours;him,A,A,16.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder，but_didnthelp.AheBwhichCsheDit,解析it代替上文整个句子的内容，即“母亲一再告诉汤姆应该努力学习”这件事。,D,17.ManyAsianelephantsliveinIndiabutyoucanfind_in