L6-增补与省略(一)

TheTheoryandPracticeofTranslation,LectureSixAdditionhencetheprincipleofadditionintranslating.,1.SupplyingwordsomittedorsubstitutedintheoriginalWewontretreat;weneverhaveandneverwill.我们不会后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也决不后退。BybirthhewasanEnglishman;byprofession,asailor;byinstinctandtrainingarebel.就出生来说，他是英国人；就职业来说，他是海员；就本性和所受教育来说，他则是叛逆者。,Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty；themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave；logicandrhetoricabletocontend.Abeuntstudiainmores(studiespassintothecharacter).读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。,Theyhaveourinterestatheartaswehavetheirs.他们关心我们的利益，我们也关心他们的利益。,2.SupplyingwordsnecessaryinstructureorcollocationofthetargetForeveryactionthereisanequalandoppositereaction.每一种作用力都有大小相等、方向相反的反作用力。Youcannotbuildaship,ahouse,oramachinetoolifyoudonotknowhowtomakeorreadadesign.如果你不懂制图或看不懂图纸，就不能造船、盖房子或制造机床。,SemanticAddition1.SupplyingSupplementaryNouns(CategoryWords)toMaketheMeaningconcreteandclear,necessitybackwardnessComplacencytensionmadness,必要性落后状态自满情绪紧张局势疯狂行为,PreparationloftinessjealousyArrogancefault-finding,准备工作崇高气质嫉妒心理傲慢态度吹毛求疵的做法,Wewereallgreatlymovedbyhisloftiness.我们都被他那种崇高品质所深深感染。Recoursetoarmsisnotthebestsolutiontoaquarrelbetweencountries.国与国之间的争端诉诸武力，并不是最好的解决办法。,2.SupplyingSupplementaryVerbstoExplaintheMeaningsofNounsSheansweredthedoor.她应声开门。Footstepsannouncedhisreturn.听到脚步声，知道他回来了。,3.SupplyingSummarizingWordsTheforeignministersofChina,Russia,JapanandtheU.S.metinBeijing.中、俄、日、美四国外长在北京会晤。Chinaiswillingtoexchangeviewswithanycountries,politically,culturallyandeconomically.中国愿意与任何国家在政治、文化、经济等各个方面进行交流。,4.SupplyingIllustrativeWordsorExpressionsforBetterunderstandingItwasFridayandsoontheydgooutandgetdrunk.星期五发薪日到了，他们马上就要上街去喝个酩酊大醉。YourenotRobinsonCrusoe.Yourenotalone,sodontbesodamnedselfish.你又不是流落孤岛、与世隔绝的鲁滨逊，不要事事只为自己打算。,5.SupplyingConnectorsforBetterCohesionTheoryissomething,butpracticeiseverything.虽然理论很重要，但是实践更加重要。/理论固然重要，实践更加重要。Therelayoneofthechiefdifficulties.这就是当时的主要困难之一。,RhetoricalAdditionNecessarywordsorexpressionsmaybeaddedtomakethetranslationmoreexpressive,idiomaticandappealingtotheChinesereader.,Thecrowdsmeltedaway.人群渐渐散开了。Ashebegantalking,wordspouredout.他一开讲，就滔滔不绝地讲个没完没了。,Nohardfeelings.IsaidImsorry,didntI?别生气啦，我不是说了对不起吗？Donttakeitsoseriously.Ijustmakefunofyou.不要当真嘛！我不过是跟你开玩笑罢了。,Thehostcarved,poured,served,cutbread,talkedandlaughed.主人（又是）割肉(呀)，（又是）斟酒(呀)，（又是）端菜(呀)，（又是）切面包(呀)，又说又笑，忙个不停。,增补的原则原文有其意,但无