汉英翻译presentation

建设节约型社会刻不容缓Buildingaconservation-mindedsocietywithoutdelay英语1401林熹薇谢雪玲武思瑶邹俊妮,01背景资料Background,03归纳总结Conclusion,02文本翻译Translation,目录CONTENT,01,背景资料Background,01,背景资料Background,节约型社会,节约型社会是指在生产、流通、消费等领域，尽可能节约资源和减少资源消耗，并获得大的经济和社会收益的社会形态。“节约”有两层涵义：一是杜绝浪费，即要求我们在经济运行中减少对资源消耗的浪费；二是在生产消费过程中，用尽可能少的资源、能源，创造相同的、甚至更多的财富。要看到，资源节约型社会以满足人们的生活需要为前提。离开这个前提，虽然资源节约了，但却是“不发展的社会”，这与科学发展观背道而驰。,01,背景资料Background,我国资源现状,我国自然资源及其利用的基本特征是资源总量丰富但人均少，资源利用率低且浪费严重。,我国以占世界9%的耕地、6%的水资源、4%的森林，1.8%的石油、0.7%的天然气、不足9%的铁矿石、不足5%的铜矿、和不足2%的铝土矿，养活着占世界22%的人口；大多数矿产资源人均占有量不到世界平均水平的一半，我国占有的煤、油、天然气人均资源只及世界人均水平的55%、11%和4%。中国最大的比较优势是人口众多，最大的劣势是资源不足。,02,文本翻译Translation,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,改革开放以来，我国经济取得了世人瞩目的成就，人民的生活水平有了很大的改善，但资源紧张和浪费已成为经济发展的瓶颈，Original:Sincethereformandopeningup,Chinaseconomyhasmaderemarkableachievementsintheworld.Peopleslivingstandardshavebeengreatlyimproved,butresourceconstraintsandwastehasbecomethebottleneckofeconomicdevelopment.Revised:Sincethereformandopeningup,Chinaseconomyhasmaderemarkableachievements.Peopleslivingstandardshavebeengreatlyimproved,butresourceconstraintsandwastehavebecomethebottleneckofeconomicdevelopment.thereformandopeningup改革开放,intheworld在句中多余，故删去。,Part1邹俊妮,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,党中央审时度势，提出建设节约型社会，并且实行打造节约政府、落实节能减排的政策，这以对保持经济持续稳定发展具有重要意义。Original:TheCPCCentralCommitteesizesupthesituationandputforwardtobuildaconservation-mindedsociety,proposingthepolicyofeconomizedgovernmentandenergy-savingemissionreduction,whichissignificanttomaintainsustainedandstableeconomicdevelopment.Revised:TheCPCCentralCommitteesizesupthesituationandputforwardtobuildaconservation-mindedsociety,proposingthepolicyofeconomizinggovernmentandenergy-savingandemissionreduction,whichissignificanttomaintainsustainedandstableeconomicdevelopment.sizeupthesituation审时度势,节约政府一般翻译为economizinggovernment,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,我国的资源占有量比较丰富，但人均占有量仅为世界人均占有量的一半，人均淡水量是世界平均水平的四分之一，45种战略资源中，有9种严重短缺，10种短缺。Original:Chinasresourcesareabundant,buttheamountpercapitaislessthanhalfthefigurepercapitaworldwide,thefreshwaterpercapitaisone-fourthoftheworldaverage.Inthe45kindsofstrategicresources,9kindsareinsevereshortages,10kindsareinshortages.Revised:Chinahasabundantresources,buttheaverageresourcepercapitaislessthanhalfthefigurepercapitaworldwide,andthefreshwaterpercapitaisone-fourthoftheworldaverage.Inthe45kindsofstrategicresources,9ofthemareinsevereshortages,10kindsareinshortages.,此句内容排列相似。适当用多种句型使表达丰富。第一句改后比较符合英文表达习惯。,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,同时，我们对有限资源的有效利用不够，粗放型的经济结构浪费了大量资源;大量高耗能建筑拔地而起的同时也宣告了高能耗的持久性;Original:Atthesametime,wedonotmakeeffectiveuseofresources,andextensiveeconomicstructurewastealotofresources.Alargenumberofhighenergy-consumingbuildingsshowthedurabilityofhighenergyconsumption.Revised:Atthesametime,wedonotmakeeffectiveuseofresources,andtheextensiveeconomicstructurehaswastedalotofresources.Alargenumberofhighenergy-consumingbuildingsshowthedurabilityofhighenergyconsumption.,这也是一句由几个分句组成的中文长句，但不符合英语的表达习惯。因此根据分号，以及主语的改变断句。,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,人们的节能意织不强，现实生活中“常流水、常明灯、过度包装、奢侈消费等现象比比皆是;对资源的回收利用率较低，导致大量可再生资源浪费。Original:Peoplesenergy-savingconsciousnessisnotstrong,drippingwater,burninglight,excessivepackaging,luxuryconsumptionetc.”iseverywhere.Resourcesrecyclingrateislow,whichleadstoalargenumberofrenewableresourceswaste.Revised:Peopledonothavestrongenergy-savingconsiousness.Excessiveuseofwaterandlight,overpackaging,luxuryconsumptionetc”areeverywhere.Resourcesrecyclingrateislow,whichleadstoalargenumberofrenewableresourceswaste.,Peoplesenergy-savingconsciousnessisnotstrong这句有中式英语嫌疑，所以进行修改。“常流水、常明灯、过度包装、奢侈消费”汉语短语，则选择意译。,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,资源是有限的，许多资源是不可再生的，而人类的生存是长期的，我们这一代人不但要保证自己的生产和生活，更要关注子孙后代的发展和进步，那种“吃子孙饭，断子孙路”的发展模式是万万要不得的。Original:Theresourcesarelimitedamongwhicharenonrenewable,however,humanlivesallthetime,soourgenerationnotonlyneedstoensureourownproduceandlife,butalsovaluethedevelopmentandprogressofthedescendants.Thepatternofsacrificingthedescendantslifeisnotacceptable.Revised:Theresourcesarelimitedandmanyofthemarenonrenewable,however,humanlivesallthetime.Soourgenerationnotonlyneedstoensureourownproductionandlife,butalsovaluesthedevelopmentandprogressofdescendants.Thepatternofsacrificingthedescendantslifeisnotacceptable.,第一句的翻译有些曲解原文中“许多资源是不可再生的”这层含义。词典中produce当名词时一般指农产品，故采用production更好。“吃子孙饭，断子孙路”这句话采用了意译的方式就是牺牲后代人的生活，这种翻译更容易理解，没有那么中文化。,Part2谢雪玲,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,要保持经济可持续性发展，保证人类的发展需要，就要在全社会倡导建设节约型社会。建设节约型社会，要搞好宣传教育。认识是行动的先导，建设节约型社会首要是提高全民的思想认识。Original:Weneedtopromoteconstructingconservation-mindedsocietyifwewanttomaintainsustainableeconomicdevelopmentandensurepeoplesdevelopingneeds.Constructingconservation-mindedsocietyneedsgoodpublicity.Ascognitionistheguideofactions,thefirstthingofestablishingconservation-mindedsocietyistoenhancepeoplesideologicalunderstanding.Revised:Weneedtopromoteconstructingconservation-mindedsocietyifwewanttomaintainsustainableeconomicdevelopmentandensurepeoplesdevelopingneeds.Constructingconservation-mindedsocietyrequiresgoodpublicity.Ascognitionistheguideofactions,thefirstthingofestablishingconservation-mindedsocietyistoenhancepeoplesideologicalunderstanding.,第一句话翻译时改变了语序，汉语中重点意思在后，英语中更习惯重点信息在前。所以改变语序是处理这一句较好的方法。need使用较为重复，所以第二个改为了requires也更为正式,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,胡主席在政协讲话中提出的“八荣八耻”中就有“以勤俭节约为荣，以奢侈浪费为耻”的要求，要利用各种媒体大力宣传建设节约型社会与保持经济可持续性发展的关系，不断强化人民群众特别是各级领导干部的忧患意识，在全社会大兴勤俭节约之风。InthespeechoftheChinesePeoplesPoliticalConsultativeConference,PresidentHuputforwardeighthonorsandeightdisgraces,oneofwhichisprideinthriftbutdisgracefulinextravagance.Inordertoformtheatmosphereofconservation,weneedtotakeadvantageofmediastoadvertisetherelationshipbetweenconstructingconservation-mindedsocietyandmaintainsustainableeconomicdevelopment,andenhancepeoplesawarenessofhardshipespeciallyleadingcadresatalllevels.政协：theChinesePeoplesPoliticalConsultativeConference八荣八耻：eighthonorsandeightdisgraces以勤俭节约为荣，以奢侈浪费为耻：Prideinthriftandextravaganceisadisgrace忧患意识：awarenessofhardship,这句话中有很多中国的专有词汇，比较难处理，采取的方法为意译会更容易理解一些。eighthonorsandeightdisgraces为网上的版本，但是因为想达到对仗的效果，所以后面的disgrace改成了disgraceful对这个长句进行了一个断句，分成了两个句子。并且后面的句子调整了语序，将想要达成的效果放在句首，方式放在后面。,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,各级领导干部要牢固树立科学发展观和正确的政绩观，全体公民都要从节约一滴水一度电做起，使建设节约型社会成为每一名社会成员的自觉行动。Original:Leadingcadresatalllevelsshouldestablishthescientificviewofdevelopmentandcorrectconceptofpoliticalachievement.Everycitizenshouldstartwithsavingeverywaterdropandeverykilowatthour.Inthisway,makingconstructingconservation-mindedsocietybecomeeveryonesconsciousaction.Revised:Leadingcadresatalllevelsshouldestablishascientificviewofdevelopmentandcorrectconceptofpoliticalachievement.Everycitizenshouldstartwithsavingeverywaterdropandeverykilowatthour.Inthisway,makingconstructingconservation-mindedsocietybecomeeveryonesconsciousaction.,Part3武思瑶,这段话由不同主语的几个分句构成，所以翻译时拆分为几个独立的句子,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,建设节约型社会，要加强政策引导。政策具有规范和导向作用，要围绕建设节约型社会，逐步建立健全各项政策，从财政、金融、税收、投资等方面加强对投资结构引导，Original:Constructingconservation-mindedsocietyrequiresstrengthenedpolicyguidance.Policieshaveregulativeandleadingeffects.Soeverypolicyshouldbesetupandimprovedaccordingtotheconceptofconservation-mindedsociety.Besides,weshouldenhancetheguidanceofinvestmentstructureinaspectoffiscalandfinancialissues,revenue,investmentandsoon.Revised:Constructingconservation-mindedsocietyrequiresstrengthenedpolicyguidance.Policieshaveeffectsofregulationandorientation.Soeverypolicyshouldbesetupandimprovedaccordingtotheconceptofconservation-mindedsociety.Besides,weshouldenhancetheguidanceofinvestmentstructureinaspectoffiscalandfinancialissues,revenue,investmentandsoon.,翻译“要加强政策引导”时选择用形容词表“加强”更简练具有.作用用词组haveeffectsof翻译,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,对那些高耗低效的产业从政策上卡住，加大对资源回收利用企业的扶持力度，为他们提供良好的生存空间和发展壮大的环境。Original:Those“highcostwithlowefficiency”industriesmustberefusedbythepolicies.Alsoweshouldincreasethesupportstrengthtoresourcesrecyclingfirms,andprovidethemwithfavorableenvironmentfortheirexistenceanddevelopment.Revised:Those“highcostwithlowefficiency”industriesmustberefusedbythepolicies.Alsoweshouldenhancethesupportstrengthtoresourcesrecyclingfirms,andprovidethemwithfavorableenvironmentfortheirexistenceanddevelopment.,“从政策上卡住”是一个口语化的表述，此处选择意译increase更侧重于数字、数量等增长，故改为enhance,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,改进绩效考评内容，引导干部跳出靠高能耗增加GDP的思想怪圈，大力发展资源节约型循环经济，保持经济的可持续性发展。Original:Atthesametime,revisingtheperformanceappraisal,andguidingcadresawayfromthemisconceptionofGDPgrowthatthecostofhighenergyconsumption.Furtherdevelopingtheresource-conservingrecyclingeconomyandmaintainingsustainableeconomicgrowth.Revised:Atthesametime,weshouldrevisetheperformanceappraisal,andguidingcadresawayfromthemisconceptionofGDPgrowthatthecostofhighenergyconsumption.Alsoweshouldfurtherdevelopetheresource-conservingrecyclingeconomyandmaintainingsustainableeconomicgrowth.,翻译中缺少主语，可能理解会存在模糊和分歧，所以改进中加入主语,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,建设节约型社会，要加大科技投入。“科学技术是第一生产力”。Original:Buildanconservation-mindedsociety,wemustincreaseinvestmentinscienceandtechnology.“scienceandtechnologyareNO.1productiveforce”.Revised:Tobuildanconservation-mindedsociety,wemustincreaseinvestmentinscienceandtechnology.“Scienceandtechnologyareprimaryproductiveforces”.,第一生产力-原翻译为：NO.1productiveforce，因不够正式，与原文风格不和，改为primaryproductiveforce,Part4林熹薇,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,建设节约型社会，就要发挥科学技术的强势支撑作用，依靠科学创新，构建起节约资源的技术支撑体系。Original:Tobuildanconservation-mindedsociety,wemustbringthestrongsupportingfunctionofscienceandtechnologyintofullplay,andconstructingthetechnicalsupportingsystemofresourcesavingwhichreliesonscientificinnovation.Revised:Tobuildanconservation-mindedsociety,wemustbringthestrongsupportingfunctionofscienceandtechnologyintoplay,andconstructingthetechnicalsupportingsystemofresourcesavingthroughscientificinnovation.,“发挥”原译为bringintofullplay,但因full有充分的意思，造成翻译冗余“依靠科学创新，构建起节约资源的技术支撑体系”翻译中将前句后置，更符合英文表达习惯“依靠”原翻译为relyon，因此短语也可翻译为“依赖”，具有一定感情色彩，故改为中性词through,02,文本翻译Translation,Notes：,要加大对科技创新的投入，鼓励科技创新，用新兴的高科技企业代替那些高耗低效的企业，运用新的科技成果降低资源的消耗，提高资源的利用率，逐步形成循环使用。Original:Inaddition,wemustincreaseinvestmentinscientificandtechnologicalinnovationandencourageit,byreplacingthehighcostwithlowefficiencyenterpriseswithhigh-techenterprises,wecanreduceresourceconsumptionandimpro