练课——现在完成时课件与练习.ppt

Grammar：Presentperfecttense,中文填空,1.我今天已经上过英语课,了,2.你昨天几点上英语课？,3.你明天天几点上英语课？,的,呢,现在完成时,一般过去时,一般将来时,TinahaslivedwithMarysinceshewasborn.,蒂娜自从出生以来，一直和玛丽住在一起。,TinahaslivedwithMaryforfouryears.,Tinahaseatenmyfood.,蒂娜已经和玛丽居住在一起四年了。,蒂娜吃了我的食物。,（“居住”这个动作从出生一直延续到现在，可能还要继续延续下去。）,（“居住”这个动作从4年前延续到现在，可能还会继续延续下去。）,EddieatemyfoodandnowIhavenothingtoeat.,现在完成时的结构：Has/have+过去分词,一、现在完成时的含义,（1）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。,可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。如for、since等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）时间状语的表达方法有两种:,TinahaslivedwithMarysinceshewasborn.,TinahaslivedwithMaryforfouryears.,1.TinahaslivedwithMaryfor4years.,2.TinahaslivedwithMary,sincehewasborn.,since2008,for:+一段时间forayear,fortwoweeks,forthreeyears.过去的某一时刻,sincelastweek,since2008Since一段时间+ago,since9yearsago,since3daysago,+点时间一般过去时态的时间状语从句：sinceyoucame，sincehemovedhere,sinceIwasborn,since4yearsago.,Letstry!,用since或for填空：1.Ihavebeenatthisschool_morethantwoyears.2.Shehasworkedinthefactory_tenyearsago.3.Mr.Greenhaslivedinthecity_hewasborn.4.Hisfatherhasbeenapartymember_twentyyears.,for,for,since,since,（2）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达),1.Tinahasjusteatenmyfood.(Tina刚刚吃了我的食物。）2.Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.（我以前从未听说过那件事）3.Lewishaseverriddenahorse?（路易斯曾经骑过马）4.Maryhasalreadyfinishedthework.（玛丽早已经完成这个工作了。）5.Wehaventfinishedourhomeworkyet.(我们还没有完成作业呢。),通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just(句中）,already(句中，句末）,before(句末）,yet（句末）,never（句中）,ever（句中）,recently(句末),foralongtime,uptonow,until,sofar,inthelastfewyears/weeks/mouths,tillnow等状语连用。例如：,二、现在完成时的构成,（1）肯定句：,I/We/You/They+助动词have+p.p(过去分词）+其它。He/She/It+助动词has+p.p(过去分词）+其它。,e.g.They_theirhomework.(finish）He_hishomework.（finish),havefinishedhasfinished,（2）否定句,I/We/You/They+havenot/hasnt+p.p(过去分词）+其它。He/She/It+hasnot/hasnt+p.p(过去分词）+其它。,e.g.They_theirhomeworkyet(还未）.(finish）He_hishomeworkyet.（finish),haventfinishedhasntfinished,(3)一般疑问句及回答,-Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）+其它？-Yes,I/you/we/theyhave.-No,I/you/we/theyhavent.-Has+she/he/it+p.p(过去分词）+其它？-Yes,she/he/ithas.-No,she/he/ithasnt.,e.g._you_thefilm?(watch)Yes,I_._yourfather_thefilm?(watch)No,he_.,Havewatchedhave,Haswatchedhasnt,(4)特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+p.p(过去分词）+其它？,e.g.ThegirlhaslearnedEnglishfor6years.,Ihaveeatentwoapplesforbreakfast.,HowlonghasthegirllearnedEnglish?,Whathaveyoueatenforbreakfast?,三、过去分词的构成,(A)规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：,(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped,drop-dropped-dropped,Dump、wait?,(B)不规则动词的过去分词,(Page121),四、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday,lastweek，ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow等具体的时间状语。现在完成时的时间状语有：for,since,ever,never,just,already,yet,inthepast/lastfewyears等不确定的时间状语。,Iboughtanewcomputerlastweek.只强调动作发生在过去。Ihaveboughtanewcomputer.不强调动作什么时候发生，只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑。,Have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeento和has/havebeenin/at的区别,E.g.IhavebeentotheGreatWallalready.,Have/hasbeenin/at“已在某地（待了多久）”，当后面跟副词时只用havebeen，其后不可用任何介词,Have/hasgoneto“已经去了某地”说话时不在说话地点，或在去该地的途中，或已到了该地，总之现在还没回来,Have/hasbeento“过去去过某地”，说话时已经从该地回来或已从该地去了别的地方，总之现在不在该地,E.g.MaryhasgonetoShanghaiwithherfamily.,E.g.TinahasbeeninShanghaifortwomonth.,40.-IsJamesathome?【2013福州中考】-No,heYaantobeavolunteer.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.isgoingto,A,37.Hello,mayIspeaktoMr.Smith?【2012福州中考】Sorry,heisntin.He_theoffice.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeenaway,B,36.WhereisBen?He_totheteachersoffice.Hewillbebacksoon.【2011福州中考】A.goB.hasgoneC.hasbeen,B,Letstry!Imsureyoucandoitwell!,1.I_(see)the3DfilmAvatar.Itsamazing!I_(see)itonemonthago.,2.-Isyourgrandfatherstillalive?-No,he_already_(die).-When_he_(die)?-He_lastyear(die).,3.I_just_(hear)oftheearthquakeinTangshan.-Theearthquake?-Yes,it_(happen)onMarch6th,threedaysago.,4.Mr.Li_(begin)toworkinthisfactoryin1990.He_(work)inthefactoryfor20years.,5.TheGreens_(live)inChinasincethey_(move)herein2003.,haveseen,saw,hasdied,diddie,died,haveheard,happened,began,hasworked,haslived,moved,Makingsentences(page14):,1.They_(finish)theirhomework.2.MrandMrsLi_(notcome)backyet.3.John_(play)thiscomputergameafewtimes.4.We_(notsee)thatfilmyet.5.MrDong_(repair)overtenbicyclessincelastMonday.6.You_(notvisit)meforalongtime.,Keys:1.havefinished2.haventcome3.hasplayed4.haventseen5.hasrepaired6.haventvisited,Chattime(page15):,Millie:(1)_you_(see)anyexhibitionsrecently,Sandy?Sandy:No,I(2)_.Whataboutyou?Millie:Well,I(3)_(see)one.Isawitatthehistorymuseumlastweek.Sandy:Whatsitabout?Millie:I(4)_(forget)thetitle.ItsaboutchangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury（世纪）.Sandy:Oh,yes.I(5)_(hear)aboutit.(6)_yourcousin_(go)withyou?Millie:No,he(7)_.He(8)_(be)verybusythisweek.,Haveseen,havent,haveseen,haveforgotten,haveheard,Did,go,didnt,hasbeen,Letstry!,1.Shehasalreadycleanedthekitchen.(改为否定句)She_cleanedthekitchen_.2.TheyhavevisitedsomeinterestingplacesinChina.(改为一般疑问句)_they_interestingplacesinChina?3.Thepoordoghasdied.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）_thepoordog_?-No,it_.4.Theyhaveborrowedtenbooksfromthelibrary.(对划线部分提问)_books_they_fromthelibrary?5.IhaveeverbeentotheGreatWall.(改为否定句)I_beentotheGreatWall.6.Theyhavestudiedheresincetheymovedtothecity.(对划线部分提问)_they_here?,hasntyet,Havevisitedany,Hasdiedhasnt,Howmanyhaveborrowed,havenever,Howlonghavestudied,Sandy:Didyouenjoytheexhibition?Millie:Yes,Idid.I(9)_(learn)alotaboutBeijingspastandpresent.ItsagoodexhibitionandI(10)_(decide)toseeitagain.Doyouwanttogowithme?Sandy:Sure,Iw