21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册第6课ppt课件

Unit6:PartA,TheEQFactor,21stCenturyCollegeEnglish:Book4,Pre-ReadingActivitiesTextA:LanguagePointsExercisesAssignment,Unit6:PartA,TheEQFactor,Pre-ReadingActivities,PreviewPre-ReadingListening,Whyisitthatthepersonwhoisthesmartestinschoolisnotusuallythemostsuccessfulinlife?Itmaybebecauseintelligenceisonlyoneofthefactorsthatittakestohaveawell-balanced,successfullife.First,“TheEQFactor”reportsonabookbyDanielGolemanwhicharguesthattheabilitytounderstandandmanageonesfeelingsisactuallymuchmoreimportantthansimplybeingsmart.In“WhatsYourEmotionalIQ?”Golemanhimselfexplainswhyitis“emotionalintelligencethatseparatesthestarsfromtheaverageperformers”andidentifiesfiveskillswhicharekeystodevelopingyourownabilitiesinthisarea.Finally,“AClassicStudyofEnvironmentalInfluence”makesastrongcasefortheimportanceofastimulatingenvironmentinhelpingachildtodeveloptothebestofhisorherability.,Pre-ReadingActivities,Preview,Beforelisteningtothepassage,haveaquicklookatthefollowingwords.Thenlistentothepassageagainandchoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestions.sock短袜EQ情商empathy同情,Pre-ReadingActivities,Check-up,1.ThelisteningpassagesaysthatEinsteinwasageniusintermsof_?A)EmotionalIntelligenceor“EQ”.B)IntellectualIntelligenceor“IQ”.C)both“EQ”and“IQ”.D)neither“EQ”nor“IQ”.,Pre-ReadingActivities,1.ThelisteningpassagesaysthatEinsteinwasageniusintermsof_?A)EmotionalIntelligenceor“EQ”.B)IntellectualIntelligenceor“IQ”.C)both“EQ”and“IQ”.D)neither“EQ”nor“IQ”.,2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofEmotionalIntelligence?A)Understandingyourownfeelings.B)Understandingthefeelingsofothers.C)Beingabletohandleemotionseffectively.D)Beingsmarterthanothersinyourclass.,Pre-ReadingActivities,2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofEmotionalIntelligence?A)Understandingyourownfeelings.B)Understandingthefeelingsofothers.C)Beingabletohandleemotionseffectively.D)Beingsmarterthanothersinyourclass.,3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenEQandIQ?A)Peopletendtohavemoreofonethantheother.B)Peopletendtohavethesameamountofeach.C)Theyworktogethertomakeyousuccessful.D)Theydependonsuchfactorsassocialclassandhowluckyyouare.,Pre-ReadingActivities,3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenEQandIQ?A)Peopletendtohavemoreofonethantheother.B)Peopletendtohavethesameamountofeach.C)Theyworktogethertomakeyousuccessful.D)Theydependonsuchfactorsassocialclassandhowluckyyouare.,4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A)Tointroduceanewconcept,EQ,andexplainsitssignificance.B)ToexplainwhyEQismoreimportantinlifethanIQ.C)Todiscussdifferentdefinitionsofsuccess.D)Tocriticizetraditionalnotionsofintelligence.,Pre-ReadingActivities,Script,4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A)Tointroduceanewconcept,EQ,andexplainsitssignificance.B)ToexplainwhyEQismoreimportantinlifethanIQ.C)Todiscussdifferentdefinitionsofsuccess.D)Tocriticizetraditionalnotionsofintelligence.,Whenwethinkofapersonwithgreatintelligence,thefirstimagethatcomestomindmightbesomeonelikeAlbertEinstein,whochangedworldsconceptionofspaceandtime,butusuallywentaroundwithuncombedhairandsocksthatdidntmatch.Clearly,Einsteinwasagreatgenius.Butdidyoueverwonderiftherewasmoretolifethanpureintellectualintelligence?Scientistshaverecentlybeguntodoso.Itseemsthatintellectualabilitycannotexplainsomeofthemostinterestingquestions:Whyisitthatthesmartestkidinschooldoesnotusuallyendupthewealthiest?Whycansomepeoplekeepsmilingastheyfacedifficultiesthatwouldsinkothers?Inshort,whydosomepeoplejustseemtohaveagiftforlivingwell?,Pre-ReadingActivities,Researchershavedevelopedatheorythatthereareactuallytwokindsofintelligence.Thefirstisthetraditional“intellectualintelligence”or“IQ”thatapersonlikeEinsteinhadsomuchof.Nowthephrase“emotionalintelligence”,sometimesreferredtoas“EQ”,hasbeenintroducedtodescribequalitieslikeunderstandingonesownfeelings,havingempathyforthefeelingsofothers,andbeingabletohandleemotionseffectively.EQisnottheoppositeofIQ.Somepeopleareblessedwithalotofboth.Somepeoplehavelittleofeitherone.Whatresearchersarenowtryingtounderstandishowthetwokindsofintelligenceworktogether.Forexample,howonesabilitytohandlestressaffectstheabilitytoconcentrateandputonesknowledgetouse.ItseemsthatIQaccountsforabout20%ofonessuccessinlife;therestdependsoneverythingfromthesocialclassyouarebornin,tohowluckyyouare,tothewayyourbrainiswired.And,ofcourse,onhowwelldevelopedyourEmotionalIntelligenceis.,LanguagePoints,TheEQFactor,TextA:,TheEQFactorNancyGibbs1Itturnsoutthatascientistcanseethefuturebywatchingfour-year-oldsinteractwithamarshmallow.Theresearcherinvitesthechildren,onebyone,intoaplainroomandbeginsthegentletorment.Youcanhavethismarshmallowrightnow,hesays.ButifyouwaitwhileIrunanerrand,youcanhavetwomarshmallowswhenIgetback.Andthenheleaves.,LanguagePoints,2Somechildrengrabforthetreattheminutehesoutthedoor.Somelastafewminutesbeforetheygivein.Butothersaredeterminedtowait.Theycovertheireyes;theyputtheirheadsdown;theysingtothemselves;theytrytoplaygamesorevenfallasleep.Whentheresearcherreturns,hegivesthesechildrentheirhard-earnedmarshmallows.Andthen,sciencewaitsforthemtogrowup.3Bythetimethechildrenreachhighschool,somethingremarkablehashappened.Asurveyofthechildrensparentsandteachersfoundthatthosewhoasfour-year-oldshadenoughself-controltoholdoutforthesecondmarshmallowgenerallygrewuptobebetteradjusted,morepopular,adventurous,confidentanddependableteenagers.,LanguagePoints,Thechildrenwhogaveintotemptationearlyonweremorelikelytobelonely,easilyfrustratedandstubborn.Theycouldnotendurestressandshiedawayfromchallenges.AndwhensomeofthestudentsinthetwogroupstooktheScholasticAptitudeTest,thekidswhohadheldoutlongerscoredanaverageof210pointshigher.4WhenwethinkofbrillianceweseeEinstein,deep-eyed,woollyhaired,athinkingmachinewithskinandmismatchedsocks.Highachievers,weimagine,werewiredforgreatnessfrombirth.Butthenyouhavetowonderwhy,overtime,naturaltalentseemstoigniteinsomepeopleanddiminothers.Thisiswherethemarshmallowscomein.Itseemsthattheabilitytodelaygratificationisamasterskill,atriumphofthereasoningbrainovertheimpulsiveone.Itisasign,inshort,ofemotionalintelligence.AnditdoesntshowuponanIQtest.,LanguagePoints,5Formostofthiscentury,scientistshaveworshippedthehardwareofthebrainandthesoftwareofthemind;themessypowersoftheheartwerelefttothepoets.Butcognitivetheorycouldsimplynotexplainthequestionswewonderaboutmost:whysomepeoplejustseemtohaveagiftforlivingwell;whythesmartestkidintheclasswillprobablynotenduptherichest;whywelikesomepeoplevirtuallyonsightanddistrustothers;whysomepeopleremainupbeatinthefaceoftroublesthatwouldsinkalessresilientsoul.Whatqualitiesofthemindorspirit,inshort,determinewhosucceeds?,LanguagePoints,6ThephraseemotionalintelligencewascoinedbyYalepsychologistPeterSaloveyandtheUniversityofNewHampshiresJohnMayerfiveyearsagotodescribequalitieslikeunderstandingonesownfeelings,empathyforthefeelingsofothersandtheregulationofemotioninawaythatenhancesliving.Theirnotionisabouttoboundintothenationalconversation,handilyshortenedtoEQ,thankstoanewbook,EmotionalIntelligencebyDanielGoleman.Goleman,aHarvardpsychologyPh.D.andaNewYorkTimessciencewriterwithagiftformakingeventhemostdifficultscientifictheoriesdigestibletolayreaders,hasbroughttogetheradecadesworthofbehavioralresearchintohowthemindprocessesfeelings.Hisgoal,heannouncesonthecover,istoredefinewhatit,LanguagePoints,meanstobesmart.Histhesis:whenitcomestopredictingpeoplessuccess,brainpowerasmeasuredbyIQandstandardizedachievementtestsmayactuallymatterlessthanthequalitiesofmindoncethoughtofascharacterbeforethewordbegantosoundold-fashioned.7Atfirstglance,therewouldseemtobelittlethatsnewheretoanyclosereaderoffortunecookies.Theremaybenolessoriginalideathanthenotionthatourheartsholddominionoverourheads.Iwassoangry,wesay,Icouldntthinkstraight.Neitherisitsurprisingthatpeopleskillsareuseful,whichamountstosaying,itsgoodtobenice.Itssotrueitstrivial,saysDr.PaulMcHugh,directorofpsychiatryatJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Butifitwerethatsimple,thebookwouldnotbequitesointerestingoritsimplicationssocontroversial.,LanguagePoints,8Thisisnoabstractinvestigation.Golemanislookingforantidotestorestorecivilitytoourstreetsandcaringtoourcommunallife.”Heseespracticalapplicationseverywhereforhowcompaniesshoulddecidewhomtohire,howcouplescanincreasetheoddsthattheirmarriageswilllast,howparentsshouldraisetheirchildrenandhowschoolsshouldteachthem.Whenstreetgangssubstituteforfamiliesandschoolyardinsultsendinstabbings,whenmorethanhalfofmarriagesendindivorce,whenthemajorityofthechildrenmurderedinthiscountryarekilledbyparentsandstepparents,manyofwhomsaytheyweretryingtodisciplinethechildforbehaviorlikeblockingtheTVorcryingtoomuch,itsuggestsademandforremedialemotionaleducation.,LanguagePoints,9Anditisheretheargumentswillbreakout.Golemanshighlypopularizedconclusions,saysMcHugh,willchillanyveteranscholarofpsychotherapyandanyneuroscientistwhoworriesabouthowhisresearchmaycometobeapplied.Whilemanyresearchersinthisrelativelynewfieldaregladtoseeemotionalissuesfinallytakenseriously,theyfearthatanotionashandyasEQinvitesmisuse.Golemanadmitsthedangerofsuggestingthatyoucanassignanumericalvaluetoapersonscharacteraswellashisintellect;GolemanneverevenusesthephraseEQinhisbook.,LanguagePoints,ButhedidsomewhatreluctantlyapproveanunscientificEQtestinUSATodaywithchoiceslikeIamawareofevensubtlefeelingsasIhavethem,andIcansensethepulseofagrouporrelationshipandstateunspokenfeelings.10Youdontwanttotakeanaverageofyouremotionalskill,arguesHarvardpsychologyprofessorJeromeKagan,apioneerinchild-developmentresearch.Thatswhatswrongwiththeconceptofintelligenceformentalskillstoo.Somepeoplehandleangerwell,LanguagePoints,butcanthandlefear.Somepeoplecanttakejoy.Soeachemotionhastobevieweddifferently.EQisnottheoppositeofIQ.Somepeopleareblessedwithalotofboth,somewithlittleofeither.Whatresearchershavebeentryingtounderstandishowtheycomplementeachother;howonesabilitytohandlestress,forinstance,affectstheabilitytoconcentrateandputintelligencetouse.Amongtheingredientsforsuccess,researchersnowgenerallyagreethatIQcountsforabout20%;therestdependsoneverythingfromclasstolucktotheneuralpathwaysthathavedevelopedinthebrainovermillionsofyearsofhumanevolution.(1047words),LanguagePoints,Text-relatedinformation,NancyGibbs,SeniorEditorofTIMEMagazine.In1988shebecameafeaturewriter,whoseaward-winningcoverstoriesincludeTheRighttoDie;ViolenceinAmerica;Teens,SexandValues;TheTragedyinWaco;andThe1993MenoftheYear.,NancyGibbs,ascientistcanseethefuturebywatchingfour-year-oldsinteractwithamarshmallowascientistcanpredictthefutureofachildbystudyinghowthechildreactstoapieceofcandyattheageoffour,interact(with)municative(with)orreact(to)Examples:Itsinterestingatpartiestoseehowpeopleinteractsocially.Modernarchitectsaredesigningbuildingsforthefuturewhichwillinteractwiththeuser.,aplainroomaroomwithsimpledecoration;anundecoratedroom,plaina.notdecoratedorluxurious;ordinaryandsimpleExamples:aplainandveryelegantroomplaincake(i.e.withoutfruit)plainchocolate(i.e.madewithoutaddingmilk),thegentletormentthetendermentalsufferingfrombeingtemptedbyamarshmallow,tormentandsufferingTormentisextremephysicalormentalsuffering,esp.mentalsufferingthatlastsalongtimeandiscausedbyfeelingguiltyorsorryaboutsomethingonehasdone,whilesufferingimpliestheawarenessorexperienceofapersonofalotofpainorbadtreatment.,Examples:Screamwereheardofmendyingintorment.HesufferedyearsofprivatetormentoverhiswrongdecisionHethoughtpublicspeakingwasatormenttohim.Theyexpressedsympathywiththesufferingoftheearthquakevictims.Shedescribedhersufferingatthehandsoftheterrorists.,run/goonanerrandbeawayonsomebusiness,errandn.ashortjourneyeithertotakeamessageortodeliverorcollectsomethingExamples:Thechildrenareoldenoughtorunonerrandstotheshops.Ivenotimetogoonerrandsforyou,somechildrengrabforthetreattheminutehesoutthedoorsomechildrensnatchedatthecandyassoonashesouttheroom,treatn.(herereferringtothemarshmallows)somethingespeciallypleasantorenjoyableExamples:Amealinagoodrestaurantisarealtreat.WeregoingtoItalyfortheweekenditsmybirthdaytreat.,somechildrengrabforthetreattheminutehesoutthedoorsomechildrensnatchedatthecandyassoonashesouttheroom,theminuten.(usedtointroduceaclauseoftime)assoonasExamples:Askforhelptheminuteyourestuck.IknewittheminuteIsawhim.,Andthen,sciencewaitsforthemtogrowupandafterthat,thestudyissubjecttopauseuntiltheygrowup,Translatethesentence:?,然后，科学便等待他们长大。,Asurveyofthechildrensparentsandteachersfoundthatthosewhoasfour-year-oldshadenoughself-controltoholdoutforthesecondmarshmallowgenerallygrewuptobebetteradjusted,morepopular,adventurous,confidentanddependableteenagers.,surveyandinvestigationSurveyoftenimpliesadetailedinspectionbytheeyesorthemind,whileinvestigationappliestoinquirywhichaimsatuncoveringthefactsandestablishthetruth.,Examples:AfterthesurveyIdecidednottobuythehouse.Surveysshowthat75%ofpeopleapproveofthatnewlaw.Aninvestigationbyairlineofficialsshowthatthecrashwascausedbyhumanerror.Thearmyiscarryingoutaninvestigationintotheexplosion.,Asurveyofthechildrensparentsandteachersfoundthatthosewhoasfour-year-oldshadenoughself-controltoholdoutforthesecondmarshmallowgenerallygrewuptobebetteradjusted,morepopular,adventurous,confidentanddependableteenagers.,holdoutforrefusetoacceptsth.whichonethinksisnotadequate,andcontinuetodemandmoreExamples:Thestrikesheldoutforbetterpayandconditions.Becareful,thedealersmayholdoutforahigherprice.,Asurveyofthechildrensparentsandteachersfoundthatthosewhoasfour-year-oldshadenoughself-controltoholdoutforthesecondmarshmallowgenerallygrewuptobebetteradjusted,morepopular,adventurous,confidentanddependableteenagers.,Paraphrase?,Aninvestigationconductedamongthechildrensparentsandteachersshowedthatchildrenwhohadenoughself-controltowaitandhavethesecondpieceofcandyattheageoffourusuallybecomementallymorebalancedandmoreabletocopewithproblemsinlife,morepopular,adventurous,confidentanddependable,whentheygrowup.,Translatethesentence:?,对孩子们的家长和老师的调查表明，那些在四岁时就有足够的自制力坚持等到第二粒果汁软糖的孩子，长大后大多成了适应性更强，更惹人喜爱，富于冒险精神，充满自信并可信赖的青少年。,Thechildrenwhogaveintotemptationearlyonweremorelikelytobelonely,easilyfrustratedandstubborn.thechildrenwhograbbedforthecandyassoonastheresearcherwasoutthedoorweremorelikelytobelonely,easilydefeatedandstubborn.,giveintotemptationfailtoresisttemptationearlyonsoonafterthestartofsomethingExamples:Theirroleinthestrikehadbecomeevidentearlyon.IknewearlyoninthefilmIwasnotgoingtoenjoyit.,Text-relatedinformation,TheScholasticAptitudeTest(SAT),anexaminationforUShighschoolstudents,consistsofverbalandmathematicalaptitudetestsadministerednationwide.Thetestresultsdetermineeligibilityforadmissiontomanycollegesaswellasforscholarshipawards.,SAT学习能力倾向测验,WhenwethinkofbrillianceweseeEinstein,deep-eyed,woollyhaired,athinkingmachinewithskinandmismatchedsocks.,Paraphrase?,Whenwethinkofintelligence,wehaveinmindtheimageofEinstein:withdeepeyesandwool-likehair,wearingsocksthatdontmakeapair,likeathinkingmachineintheshapeofhumanbeing.,Translatethesentence:?,当我们想到卓越的才华时，我们便看见了爱因斯坦，深邃的眼睛，卷曲的头发，一台有着皮肤，穿着不配对短袜的思维机器。,Highachievers,weimagine,werewiredforgreatnessfrombirthwebelievethathighlysuccessfulpeoplewereborntobecomegreat.,Towireanelectricdeviceistoequipitwithelectricwiresorcircuits.Infigurativeuse,whenhighachieversarecomparedto“thinkingmachines”,theycancertainlybewiredtoo,meaningequippedorprepared.,Translatethesentence:?,在我们的想象中，事业上取得巨大成功者在出生时就为伟大做好了准备。,Thisiswherethemarshmallowscomein.Thisshowhowthemarshmallowsarerelatedwithit.,WhenyousayThisiswheresomethingorsomeonecomesin,youarestatinghowsomethingorsomeoneisinvolvedwithasituation.Examples:Thisiswheremyhusbandcomesin.Thisiswherelegislationcomesin.,theabilitytodelaygratificationisamasterskill,atriumphofthereasoningbrainovertheimpulsiveonetheabilitytoholdoutforthetreatortowaituntilalatertimeforsomethingenjoyableisanimportantskill,aninstanceofhowapersonscarefulthinkingdefeatshissuddendesireinmakingajudgement.,Gratificationsuggeststrongsatisfaction(ofawishorneed)andpositivelyimpliespleasure.Examples:Somepeopleexpectinstantgratification.Heseemstogetgratificationfrombeatingpeopleup.,AnditdoesntshowuponanIQtestAndforit,nopointsaregiveninanIQtest.,showupappearonameasuringscaleorbeabletobenoticed.Examples:Smalldifferencesintemperaturealsoshowup.Onlythreeofthepeopleweinvitedtothepartydidntshowup.,scientistshaveworshippedthehardwareofthebrainandthesoftwareofthemind;themessypowersoftheheartwerelefttothepoets.,brain,mindandheartBrainfocusesattentiononpowersofcomprehensionofthinkingandisusedtorefertointelligence,mindindicatesmanspowersinvolvedinperceiving,remembering,considering,evaluatinganddecidingincontrasttophysicalpowers,whileheartdenotesthedeepestandstrongestofmansfeelingsandemotions.,Examples:Heisnice,buthehasntmuchbrain.Thatcantbetherightwaytodoituseyourbrain!Thestudyoflogictrainsthemind.Youmustbestronginmindandbody.Hesaidhednevermarrybuthehadachangeofheart(=hisfeelingschanged)whenhemether.Itbreaksmyheart(=makesmefeelverysad)toseehimsounhappy.,Paraphrase?,Scientistshavebeendevotedtothestudyoftheorganofthebodybrainandthepowersofthemind,whilethecomplicatedhumanfeelingsandemotionswerelefttobedealtwithbythepoets.,Translatethesentence:?,科学家们都崇尚大脑硬件和思想软件；而心灵的捉摸不定的力量则留给了诗人。,scientistshaveworshippedthehardwareofthebrainandthesoftwareofthemind;themessypowersoftheheartwerelefttothepoets.,wonderabouthavedoubtsabout,Examples:ImwonderingaboutJacksheathrecently.Manypeoplehavebeenwonderingoutloud(=expressingdoubtsinpublic)abouttheprimeministerscompetenceinthehandlingofthiscrisis.,welikesomepeoplevirtuallyonsightwelikesomepeoplealmostthefirsttimewemetthem,Translatethesentence:?,我们一见到某些人就喜欢,somepeopleremainupbeatinthefaceoftroublesthatwouldsinkalessresilientsoul.,inthefaceof1)despite;2)confrontedbyExamples:Hesucceedinthefaceofgreatdanger.Marthalefthomeinthefaceofstrongoppositionformherparents.Noonewantedtosurrenderinthefaceofinvasion.Inprimitivetimes,menfound