subjunctivemood

MoodSubjunctiveMood(1),把自己的妻子当成女王，他就是国王；把自己的妻子当成侍女，他也是仆人,Ifapersonregardedhiswifeasaqueen,hewouldbeaking;Ifheregardedhiswifeasamaid,hewouldbeaservant.,Contents,一、概述二、在非真实条件句中的应用三、在表示请求、建议、命令等从句中的应用四、在wish从句中的应用,表示与现在事实相反的假设e.g.Ifhehadtime,hewouldgowithyou.,表示与过去事实相反的假设e.g.Hewouldhavephonedyou,ifhehadwonthegame.,表示与将来事实相反的假设e.g.Ifheweretocome,Imightaskhimaboutit.,Examples,1.IfI_themeaningoftheword,Iwouldnothavetolookitup.A)knowB)knewC)knownD)knowing2.Wedidnotknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe_him.B)musthavetelephonedC)wouldtelephoneD)hadtelephoned,B,A,A)wouldhavetelephoned,3.Thingsmighthavebeenmuchworseifthemother_onherrighttokeepthebaby.A)havebeeninsistingB)hadinsistedC)wouldinsistD)insisted4.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,allpracticalvalue_bythetimetheywerefinished.A)hadloseB)wouldhavelostC)wouldloseD)shouldhavelost,B,B,要注意的问题ifonly引导虚拟条件句If(itbe)notfor=butfor=without省略if采用倒装语序的条件句含蓄条件错综时间,ifonly(但愿；如果就好了）虚拟同wish,Examples,1Ifonlywe_theteachersadvice.hadactedonB)actonC)wouldactonD)actedon2.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!ifonlyI_youradvice.A)followB)hadfollowedC)wouldfollowD)havefollowed,3.Ifonlyourfather_fromhisincurabledisease!HowIhavemissedhimsincehepassedaway.A)canhavereturnedB)wouldhavereturnedC)returnedD)wouldreturn,If(itbe)notfor=butfor=without,虚拟同if,Examples,1._thechannel,EnglandorFrancesurelywouldhaveswallowedtheother.IfnotforB.NotitforC.IffornotD.Foritnot2._foryourhelp,wewouldnothavefinisheditontime.IfnotbeenB.IfithadnotbeenC.IfnothadbeenD.Foritnotbeen,省略if采用倒装语序的条件句,Examples,1.Hadheworkedharder,he_theexams.musthavegotthroughB)wouldhavegotthroughC)wouldgetthroughD)couldgetthrough,2._foryourmistake,wewouldhavehadabettertimeintheparty.HaditnotbeenB)HaditbeenC)HaditnotD)Hadit,3._nofrictionbetweenthesurfaceoftheroadandourfeet,wecouldnotwalkatall.IftherewasB.WerethereC.WasthereD.There,含蓄条件:without;otherwise;butfor;but=if,Examples,1.Wedidntknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewe_him.A)wouldhavetelephonedB)wouldtelephoneC)musthavetelephonedD)hadtelephoned,2.Withouttheone-childpolicy,China_.hadmorepopulationB)wouldhavehadmorepopulationC)hasmorepopulationD)hashadmorepopulation,3.Somewomen_agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.mustmakeB)shouldhavemadeC)wouldmakeD)wouldhavemade,4.They_uswillingly,butrecentlytheyhaverunoutofmoney.wouldhelpB)weretohelpC)musthavehelpedD)wouldhavehelped,错综时间,Examples,1.IfIhadnotstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you_now.couldnothavesmiledB)wouldtsmileC)wontsmileD)didnotsmile,2._now,ifyouhadlostyourwatch?A)HadntyoubeenupsetB)WouldtyoubeupsetC)WerentyouupsetD)wouldntyouhaveupset,用在宾语从句(desire,demand,advise,insist,require,suggest,propose,order,recommend,decide),eg.1.Heorderedthattheletterbemailedatonce.2.Thelawrequiresthateveryonetakeatestforadriverslicense.,Examples,1.AsCommander-in-chiefofthearmedforces,Ihavedirected(命令）thatallmeasures_forourdefense.A)hadbeentakenB)wouldbetakenC)betakenD)tobetaken,2.Mikesuncleinsists_inthishotel.A)stayingnotB)nottostayC)thathewouldstayD)thathenotstay,3.Sheproposedthathe_tohospitalatonce.A)nothesitatetogoB)mustnothesitatetogoC)shouldnthesitategoingD)couldnthesitategoing,4.Thearticlesuggeststhatwhenaperson_underunusualstressheshouldbeespeciallycarefultohaveawell-balanceddiet.A)isB)wereC)beD)was,Itis+形容词或过去分词+主语从句,important,advisable,natural,necessarydesirable,（称心的）ordered,asked,desired,demanded,required,suggested,),用在同位语从句或表语从句中(suggestion,proposal,requirement,demand,desire（愿望）,advice,order,insistence(极力主张；坚持；强调),Examples,1.Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios_after11oclockatnight.A)werenotplayedB)notbeplayedC)nottoplayD)didnotplay,2.Itisrequiredthattheseapplicationforms_backassoonaspossibleA)mustbesentB)willbesentC)aresentD)besent,3.Itisimportantthatthehotel_thatguestsareservicedcorrectly.A)hasmadesureB)madesureC)mustmakesureD)makesure,4.Weareallforyourproposalthatdiscussion_.A)beputoffB)wasputoffC)shouldputoffD)istoputoff,5.Thesuggestionthatthemayor_theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.A)wouldpresentB)presentC)presentsD)oughttopresent,在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气现在时：从句为that+主语+V-ed（V-ed）过去时：从句为that+主语+had+V-ed将来时：从句为that+主语+would(could)V如果将wish改为过去式wished，其后that从句中的动词形式不变。,Examples,1.IwishI_longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A)couldhavesleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)haveslept,2.SometimesIwishI_inadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.A)belivingB)werelivingC)wouldliveD)wouldhavelived,3.IwishI_tothemoviewithyoulastnight.A.wentB.hadgoneC.goD.couldhavegone,4.IcantspeakJapanese,butIdowishI_.A.canB.couldC.hadD.spoke,Asif引导的表语从句和方式状语从句在asif引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符；用过去完成时表示与过去事实不符。egTheytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Helooks