中考复习——被动语态

被动语态,Thepassivevoice,ArecorderisusedinourEnglishclasseveryday.,usefor,play,often,Footballisplayedallovertheworld.,Acameraisusedfortakingphotos.,robyesterday,sendup,lastyear,Aman-madesatellitewassentupintospacelastyear.,Abankwasrobbedyesterday.,mustplant,coverwith,inafewyearstime,Thetreemustbeplantedontheground.,Thegroundwillbecoveredwithtreesinafewyearstime.,sendto,rightnow,atalkgivesoon,Theywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.,Atalkwillbegivensoon.,dig,Theearthisbeingdugnow.,eatup,already,Thefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.,Footballisplayedallovertheworld.Acameraisusedfortakingphotos.Abankwasrobbedyesterday.Aman-madesatellitewassentupintospacelastyear.,Lookandfindoutthesimilarities(相同点):,Thetreemustbeplantedontheground.Thegroundwillbecoveredwithtreesinafewyearstime.Theywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.Atalkwillbegivensoon.Theearthisbeingdugnow.Thefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.,当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。,Conclusion:(一),一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,WespeakEnglish.,主语,谓语,宾语,Englishisspokenbyus.,主语,谓语,宾语,被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的构成：be+vt.p.p.,主动语态,被动语态,ActivevoiceandPassivevoice,ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.,S,V.,O.,动作执行者,动作,动作接受者,动作执行者,动作,动作接受者,一般现在时amisare+vt.p.p.一般过去时waswere+vt.p.p.情态动词aux.v.(mustcancouldmay+be+vt.p.p.)现在进行时be(am、is、are)+being+vt.p.p.一般将来时willbebegoingtobe+vt.p.p.现在完成时havehas+been+vt.p.p.,Turnthefollowingsentencesintothepassivevoice:,1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.,Englishisspokenbymanypeople.,Iwasboughtanewbikeyesterday.Anewbikewasboughtformeyesterday.,3.Thebossmadehimdotheheavyworkintheolddays.4.Tommusthandinthecompositionafterclass.5.Therainstopped.6.Thesouptastesdelicious.,Hewasmadetodotheheavyworkintheolddays.,Thecompositionmustbehandedinafterclass.,主动语态如何改成被动语态？1.主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。2.主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。dobedone3.注意保持时态和人称的一致。,Conclusion:(二),4.带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词:tofor.如:givebegivento此类动词还有:passshowsend再如:buybeboughtfor此类动词还有:makedrawcookmend,5.一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语,改成被动语态时,to必须还原。注:1.不及物动词（vi.)不用被动语态。如:happen、takeplace、appear、disappeare.g.Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.,happened,2.连系动词(Link.v.)不用被动语态。如:be、look、seem、feel、sound、smell、taste、get、turn、becomee.g.PekingOpera_(sound)beautiful.3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态。e.g.Thepen_(write)veryfast.Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,sounds,writes,sells,MultipleChoice:,1.Ifthework_,youcangoandplaygames.A.finishedB.hasfinishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.Itwasrainingheavilyoutside,thechildrenweremade_intheclassroom.A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed,D,B,3.Kate_theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.A.haswrittenB.waswrittenC.hadwrittenD.iswriting4.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow,B,C,5.Ilikemybike.It_verywell.A.ridesB.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden6.IwontcometothepartyunlessTom_,too.YoumeanifTomcomes,youllcome.A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited,A,D,7.EveryonewhoheardMr.Greensstory_it.A.laughedatB.waslaughedC.laughedD.waslaughedat8.Thechildrenmust_.A.lookafterB.betakengoodcareC.lookthesameD.betakengoodcareof,D,A,9.Thewomanstilldoesntknowwhat_inherhometownwhilehewasaway.A.happensB.happenedC.willhappenD.washappened10.Isawyouwereonfootthismorning.Yes.Mybike_.A.ismendingB.isbeingmendedC.ismendedD.isbeingmending,B,B,Fillintheblanksusingrightforms:,1.Allthestudents_(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.2.Aremanyways_(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?3.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somephotos_(take)byAmericanchildren.,wereasked,tried,taken,4.Thiscoat_(wash)well.5.Musttheoldpeople_(speak)topolitely?6.Imoften_(警告）nottocopyothershomework.7.Hecouldntexplainwhydinosaurs_(消失).,washes,bespoken,warned,disappeared,8.Illhavemybike_(修理)tomorrow.9.Haveyoufoundyournecklace_(偷)lastweek?10.ThePRCwas_(成立)onOctober1,1949.,mended/repaired,stolen,founded,Makedialoguesorshortpassagesaccrodingtothefollowinginformation(usingthepassivevoiceasmuchaspossible)：,whatwhenwhere,1.dialogue,Topic:,2.passage,Tomakeourschoolmorebeautiful,whatthingsmust/mustntbedone?,must:pickupthrowcollectplantgrow,mustnt:throwdrawusespitcutdown,Readingcomprehension:,Nowscientistsaretryingtoturndesertsintogoodlandagain.Theywanttobringwatertothedeserts,sopeoplecanliveandgrowfoodthere.However,moreandmorelandisbecomingthedeserts.Whyisthishappening?Therearetworeasonslandandwood.Inmanyplacesthetreeshavebeencutdownbecausethelandwasneededforpeople.,Inotherparts,thetreesarecutdownbecausetheirwoodiswanted.Butmanypeopledontknowthatinmostplacesthetreeswontbereplaced（取代）.Thesoilintheforestsisverythin,butitisprotectedbythetrees.Whenthetreesarecutdown,thesoiliswashedawaybytherainorblownawaybythewind.Soonnothingcangrowonit.Thelandbecomesadesert.,Whoistoblame（应负责、责备）forthis?Theansweriseasy:allofus.Therearejusttoomanypeopleintheworld.Theworldspopulationisnowsixbillion.Youmightsay:Wedontcutdowntrees.Yes,butjustlookaround.Youreprobablyusingitsproducts（产品）rightnow.,()1.Scientistsaretryingtobring_tothedeserts.A.foodB.planesC.waterD.animals()2.The_areimportanttoprotectthesoil.A.rainB.treesC.landD.wood,C,B,()3.Inmostplacesafterthetreesarecutdown,_.A.theycangrowagainB.theywilldisappearforeverC.newtreescangrowbetterD.newforestswillappear,B,()4.Thereasonforthebadcycle(循环)isthat_.A.peopleneedmorelandtogrowfoodB.woodisneededforbuildinghousesC.therearetoomanyrichpeopleonthelandD.therearetoomanypeopleontheearth,D,Agreatdealofwaterisneededinlargecities.Somecitiespump(抽水）waterfromwells.Somecitiesg_waterfromlakesorriversn_.Butsomecitieshavetobringwaterfromlakesorriversmanymilesaway.,Completethepassage:,et,earby,Waterisusuallyb_toacityfromaplacehigherthanthecityitself.Whenwaterisf_onlyinthelowerplace,itmustbepumpeduptothecity.Thenitiss_toeachhome.Dams(水坝)areoftenb_inarivertokeepthewaterfromflowingaway.,rought,ound,ent,uilt,Thenanewlakeisformed.Thecityknowshowmuchwaterwillben_andallowstheextra(额外的)watertoflowbelowthedam.I_thisway,thecitystoreswaterforitsuse.Thereisusuallyab_nearthedam.Muchimportantworkisd_there.Forexample,thewateristastedbeforeitispipedtothecity.,eeded,n,uilding,one,Fillintheblankswiththe