大学英语写作常用句型开头.ppt

大学英语写作常用句型,第一章文章开头句型,I.对立法：(controversialtopics),开头首先引出其他人对于论题的不同看法，然后提出自己的不同看法，或偏向的那个看法。,Examples:,WhenaskedaboutmostpeoplebelievethatbutotherpeoplesaybutIthinkabitdifferently.Whenaskedwhatkindofcareertheywillpursueupongraduation,mostcollegestudentssaythattheywouldchooseajobwhichwillbringthemalotofmoneyandacomfortablelife.Workinginabigbankorcompanyiswhattheydesire.ButIthinkdifferently.Iwouldpreferacareerwhichwillhelprealizemypotentials.,Whenitcomesto,somepeoplethinkthatothersarguethattheoppositeistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments,but,Examples:,Thereisageneral/muchdebate/discussionnowadaysabouttheissue/problemofThosewhoobjecttoitarguethatTheybelievethatButpeoplewhofavorit,ontheotherhand,maintainthatTomostpeople/inmostpeoplesopinionButdespiteIbelieve/oneshould,Examples:,Applications:,Thereisageneraldebateonthecampustodayoverthephenomenonofcollegestudentsdoingapart-timejob.Thosewhoobjecttoitarguethatstudentsshouldnotspendtheirprecioustimeinthisway.Butpeoplewhoadvocateit,ontheotherhand,claimthat,bytakingamajor-relatedpart-timejoborsummerjob,studentscannotonlyimprovetheiracademicstudies,butgainmuchexperiencewhichtheywillneverbeabletogetfromtextbooks.,Now,itiscommonly/widelybelieved/thoughtthatTheyarguethatbutIdoubt/wonderwhetherItiscommonlybelievedthattheriseinteenagesmokingistheinevitableresultofeconomicdevelopment.TheyarguethatiftherearenocigaretteadvertisementonTV,nocigarettesavailableeverywhere,andnoadequatepocketmoney,teenagersareunlikelytotakeupthehabitofsmoking.ButIdoubtthatisisasatisfactoryexplanation.Whileconcerningtheeffectofadvertisingandothercommercialfactors,Ithinkthattheprimarycauseissocialandindividualratherthaneconomic.,Examples:,II.现象法,对某种社会现象、倾向或社会问题进行剖析的文章往往在文章一开始首先引出这种现象或问题，然后评论。,Recentlytherisein(problemof/questionof)hasdrawnpopularattention(arousedgeneralconcern).Recentlytheissueofhasbeeninthelimelight(broughtintofocus/broughttopubicattention).,Examples:,Recentlytheproblemofdevelopmentversusenvironmenthasnowbeeninthelimelight.NowhereistheclashmorevisiblethaninChina,wheretheworldslargestpopulationfacespollution,deforestationandacidrainonalargescale.,Applications:,Oneofthehottesttopics(mostpopularthings/mostseriousproblems)manypeopletalkaboutnowisOneofthebestqualitiesthatmostpeopleadmireinothersisthewillingnesstoadmitonesmistakes.Itisextremelyhardsometimestosayasimplethinglike“Iwaswrongaboutthat”,anditisevenhardertosay,“Iwaswrong,andyouwererightaboutthat”.,Examples:,III.观点法,文章开门见山，直截了当提出作者对文章要讨论的问题的观点，即文章的中心思想。,Examples:,Itisabout/hightimeweexploded(shattered,freedourselvesfrom)themyth(illusion,fiction)aboutPerhapsweshould(itistimeto)rethink(reexamine,haveafreshlookat)theidea(value,attitude,wisdom)that,Itisabouttimesomebodyexplodedthatoldmythaboutchildhoodbeingthehappiestofyourlife.Childhoodmaycertainlybefairlyhappy,freefromfinancialworriesandtheanxietyaboutsocialladders.Buthaveyouheardourchildrentodaygroaningundertheever-increasingburdenofstudies?Haveyouseenthemstayupalmosteverynightsimplytofinishadayshomework?,Applications:,Maybeitistimetoreexamineourpresentvaluesoflifeandtrytofigureoutwhylifetodaybecomessodifficult,andwhatcanbedoneaboutit.,Applications:,Examples:,Nowpeopleingrowing/increasingnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize(recognize,understand,accept,beaware)thatInrecentyearsanincreasingnumberofpeoplearegettingtorealizethatmuchofthetechnologybeingdevelopedtodayneitherrespectstheearthsdelicateecosystemnorisadequatelycontrolledbysocialinstitution.,IV.引用法,文章开头引用名人名言，箴言谚语，或有代表性的看法见解来引出文章要展开讨论的一种观点。,Examples:,“Knowledgeispower”.Suchistheopinionof(remarkmadeby)Bacon/oneofthegreatmen.Thisview/remarkhasbeensharednowbymoreandmorepeople.Thisviewhasbeenconfirmedtimeandagainbymanyhistoricalevents.),“Greatmindsmustbereadynotonlytotaketheopportunity,buttomakethem.”Colton,agreatwriteronceremarked.Butitstillhasaprofoundsignificancenow.Toaperson,inwhoselifetimeopportunitiesarenotmany,tomakeopportunitiesismoreessentialtohissuccess.,Applications:,“”Thesameidea(complaint,attitude)isvoiced(echoed,shared)by“LeiFengdiedalready,”saidbysomepeoplewhenevertheydeploredthefactnowadaysnooneinthestreetwillcometoapersonsassistancewhenheisintroubleorindanger.ThesameviewisvoicedbymanypeoplewhocomplainaboutthedeclineinthemoralstandardsinrecentyearsandhopethespiritofLeiFeng,amodelsoldierwhodevotedhisshortlifetothepublicgoodwillstaywithus.,Examples:,“LeiFengdiedalready,”saidbysomepeoplewhenevertheydeploredthefactnowadaysnooneinthestreetwillcometoapersonsassistancewhenheisintroubleorindanger.ThesameviewisvoicedbymanypeoplewhocomplainaboutthedeclineinthemoralstandardsinrecentyearsandhopethespiritofLeiFeng,amodelsoldierwhodevotedhisshortlifetothepublicgoodwillstaywithus.,Applications:,Examples:,“”Howoftenwehear(Weareusedtohearing/Manypeoplehaveheard)complaintslikethis.,Inourowndaysweareusedtohearingsuchtraditionalcomplaintsasthis“Ihavegottoomuchworktodoandnotenoughtimetorest”or“theworkistoodemandingandtooexhausting,Iwishtheotherwoulddoit”.Dontbemisledbythecomplaints,anddontbedeceivedintothinkingthatpeopleliketostoreupenergy.Complainingisjustpartofworking,anditisamanifestationofthepridetheytakeintheiruniquecapacitytoconquerthetoughjob.,V.比较法,比较法句型主要用于通过对过去与现在两种不同倾向、态度和观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的主题。,Examples:,Foryears/untilrecentlyhadbeenseen/regardedasButthatischangingnow/peoplearetakingafreshlookatit.Withthepeople,Foryears,offsprings,especiallysonshadbeenexpectedtoremainathomepermanently,bringtheirspouseshometothebig,extendedfamilywhentheygotmarried.Butthatischangingnow.Withgrowingdemandforindependenceandimprovedlivingstandard,moreandmoreyoungpeopleseektoleavetheparentalfamilytoestablishtheirownhouseholds.,Applications:,Untilrecentlythegeneralattitudetowardsdaydreamingremainedhostile.Daydreamingwasviewedasawasteoftime.Oritwasconsideredanunheal