British-Commonwealth-of-Nations--英联邦国家.ppt

BritishCommonwealthofNations,英联邦,BriefIntroduction,TheCommonwealthofNations,normallyreferredtoastheCommonwealthandformerlyknownastheBritishCommonwealth,isanintergovernmentalorganizationoffifty-threeindependentmemberstates.Allbuttwo(MozambiqueandRwanda)ofthesecountrieswereformerlypartoftheBritishEmpire,outofwhichitdeveloped.,Memberstate,安提瓜和巴布达、澳大利亚、巴哈马、孟加拉国、巴巴多斯、伯利兹、博茨瓦纳、文莱、喀麦隆、加拿大、塞浦路斯、多米尼加联邦、冈比亚、加纳、格林纳达、圭亚那、印度、牙买加、肯尼亚、基里巴斯、南非、莱索托、马拉维、马来西亚、马尔代夫、马耳他、毛里求斯、莫桑比克、纳米比亚、瑙鲁、新西兰、尼日利亚、巴布亚新几内亚、圣基茨与尼维斯、圣卢西亚、圣文森特和格林纳丁斯、萨摩亚、塞舌尔、塞拉利昂、新加坡、所罗门群岛、斯里兰卡、斯威士兰、坦桑尼亚、汤加、特立尼达和多巴哥、图瓦卢、乌干达、英国、瓦努阿图、赞比亚、巴基斯坦,Stafffunction,CommonwealthHeadsofGovernmentMeetingTheCommonwealthHeadsofgovernmentmeetingoftheAsiaPacificRegionTheCouncilofMinistersoftheCommonwealthTheCommonwealthSecretariatTheCommonwealthfoundationandotherorganizations,QueenElizabethII,currentHeadoftheCommonwealth,TheCommonwealthisnotapoliticalunion,butanintergovernmentalorganizationthroughwhichcountrieswithdiversesocial,political,andeconomicbackgroundsareregardedasequalinstatus.,Function,1.TheCommonwealthisanorganizationininternationalcooperation,itsobjectiveistocoordinatethecooperationbetweendifferentethnicgroups,cultureandenvironmentofcollaborationbetweenthenations.Eachmemberhastheequalstatus,butBritainoftenplaystheleaderindealingwiththeaffairsintheCommonwealth.,2.Memberscandiscussandcooperateinmanyfields,includingtrade,finance,defense,education,technology,law,medicineandagriculture.Butthemaininterestsmembersenjoyedaretheeconomicutilitiesbringbyvarioustradeagreementsandcapitalinvestmentconfigurations.,3.ThemaincapitaloftheindustrialdevelopmentfortheneworpoormembersisfromBritainandotheroldandrichmembers.Theaidplanisexecutedbythecommonwealthdevelopmentcorporation(CDC).,4.SomemembersexecutespreferentialtariffaccordingtotheCommonwealthpreferentialsystem,soastopromotethetradebetweeneachother.In1973,BritainjoinedEuropeanUnion,andquittedthecommonwealthpreferentialsystem.Accordingtothea