关系代词基本用法ppt课件

Grammar,TheAttributiveClause,(关系代词之基本用法),1,TheAttributiveClause（定语从句）1.概念:在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。,SheisanEnglishteacherwholikestraveling.,定语从句,关系词,先行词,结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句,2,SheisanEnglishteacherwholikestraveling.,定语从句,关系词,先行词,结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句,关系词:1.关系代词:2.关系副词:,whichthat、whowhomwhosewhenwherewhy,2.关系词的三大作用：,1）.连接主从句2）.替代先行词（关系词=先行词）3）.在从句中做成分,意义,3,4,关系代词-that,that:既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语/宾语,且作宾语时可省略.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.,Whoisthemanthatisreadingabook?,Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaywasBetty.,5,关系代词-which,which:指物,在定语从句中作主语or宾语，作宾语时可省略.,Ilostthebookwhichyougaveme.,Thisisourschoolwhichisverybeautiful.,6,(一)只能用that不能用which,当先行词是不定代词时all/none/anything/nothing/everythingAllthatcanbedonemustbedone.Weshouldmakeuseofeverythingthatisuseful.,7,(一)只能用that不能用which的情形,当先行词被all/little/few/much/some/any/no/every修饰时AllthestudentsthatarestudyinginourclassarefromGuangdongprovince.,8,当先行词被最高级、序数词以及theonly/thevery修饰时ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfindinmydesk.HeistheveryguythatIwanttotalkto.Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoeatsth.,(一)只能用that不能用which,9,当主句前以which/who开头的特殊疑问词时(避免重复)Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?WhichballistheonethatbelongstoMike?,(一)只能用that不能用which的情形,10,(一)只能用that不能用which,5当先行词同时指物和人时,只能用that.Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatwehavevisitedinthecounty.,11,Summary:只能用that的情况,1.先行词既有指人又有指物2.当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3.先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词时4.主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时,12,(二)只能用which不能用that,which可以引导非限制性定语从句，that不能Therecorder,whichIpaid200dollars,provestobeveryuseful.Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.,13,which之前可以有介词，而that不能Iwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether.Thisisthequestionaboutwhichtheyarediscussing.,(二)只能用which不能用that的情形,14,who:指人，在定语从句中作主语，或宾语做主语不能省略,关系代词-who,Manypeoplewhodiedintheearthquakewerechildren.,ThepersonwhohaslittlehairisMr.Zhang.,15,(二)只能用who不能用that,先行词是one,ones,those,anyone,heHewhodoesntworkhardwillnotpasstheexam.,16,whom:指人，在定语从句中作宾语;作及物动词宾语可省略,但在介词后不可省略。,关系代词-whom,Thegirl(whom)yousawjustnowismysister.Themanwhomyoujusttalkedto/withisMr.Li.=Themanto/withwhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.,类似的短语搭配有:talkabout/takecareof/lookfor/lookafter/learnfrom/listento等,17,(二)只能用whom不能用who,当关系代词前有介词时ThegirltowhomIspokeismycousin.,18,(二)能位于介词后的关系代词,WhichIwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether.whom.ThegirltowhomIspokeismycousin.,19,关系代词引导定语从句时，要注意几点：（1）Whom,which作介词宾语时，介词一般可以放在它们的前面，也可以放在从句原来的位置上，但是如果是固定词组，不能把介词和动词拆开,Thereisaroom,inwhichyoucanstudy.whichyoustudyin.,Roseisthestudentwhomyoushouldlookafter/takecareof.,20,关系代词who,which,that,在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。,Anyonewho_over20canjointhearmy.I,who_yourfriend,willhelpyou.,is,am,21,注意：作宾语时关系代词可省。,1.Themanwho/Imettodaytoldmetocomeback.2.Thegirlwhom/ImetlookslikeLily.3.Sheisthepersonthat/Iwanttosee.Thepenwhich/youlentmeislost.,4.Thebestwork_shewroteand_Ihavereadwillbemadeintofilm.Awhich;thatBthat;thatCthat;/D/;/,22,1.ThisisourmonitorwhoseEnglishisverygood.,2.Iborrowedabookfromthelibrarywhosenameis“WarandPeace”.,whose:既可指人也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,关系代词-whose,23,Itisapoordog.Itsheartisbroken.Itisapoordogwhoseheartisbroken.,24,Themanisshoutingforhelp.Hishouseisonfire.,Themanwhosehouseisonfireisshoutingforhelp.,25,Thegirlisbeingtakentoahospital.Herlegbrokeintheearthquake.,Thegirlwhoselegbrokeintheearthquakeistakentoahospital.,26,Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.,Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.,Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue.,IknowthegirlwhosenameisMary.,IknowthegirlofwhomthenameisMary.,IknowthegirlthenameofwhomisMary.,27,总结：关系代词的用法,who,/that,which,/that,who,/that,/whom,which,/that,whose,whose,/,/,28,怎样判断用什么关系代词,口诀:前看先行词,辩清人或物后看从句里,有无主宾语,29,关于定语从句的难点,和出错点.,1.定语从句的从句部分出现代替的内容.,ThisisthebookthatIlikeitbest.,2.插入语成分.,ThebeggarwhoIthinkispoorisinfactrich.,从句部分,30,定语从句中的主谓一致问题.,1.Sheisoneofthegirlswho_praisedatthemeeting.2.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho_praisedatthemeeting.(be),are,is,5.在先行词缺少的情况下,要用theone来补充它的先行词,然后确定它的关系词,Thisisthefactory_Iworkedlastyear.Thisfactoryis_Iworkedlastyear.Thisfactoryis_Ivisitedlastyear.,where/inwhich,theone,where,theone,that/,31,6.与其他从句和句式的区别,与where和when引导的状语从句的区别.,区别的关键就是:是否有先行词.,ThisistheschoolwhereIstudiedmanyyearsago.TherewerealotofsheepwhereIlived.,IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstwenttoschool.,Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.,inwhich,onwhich,连词;在那里,连词;就在那个/就这个时候,32,Letsdosomeexercise!,33,1.Thegirl_isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl_motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell.4.Icantfindthebook_isborrowedfromthelibrary.5.Icantfindthebook_youlenttome.,who/that/,who/whom/that/,whose,which/that,that/which/,巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空,34,1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it,Choosethebestanswers:,35,10.Pleasetakethesecondchair_isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that,11.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it,12.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that,36,14.Idontlike_youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich,37,15.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it,38,1.Thisisthebag_mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Iknowthestudent_youborrowedthepen.A.thatB.fromwhomC.fromwhichD.whom3.Isthisthefactory_alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom4.Isthisfactory_alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whichD./,练一练！,39,1.Theman_Isawtoldmetowait.2.Themanto_Ispokewasaforeigner.3.Iknowaboy_fatherisanacrobat.(杂技演员)4.Hesawahouse_windowswereallbroken.,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,whichandthat.,who,whom,whose,whose,whom,40,Letsdosomeexercise!,Makesentenceswiththeexpressionsandpictures.,41,theship/wasthemostbeautifulintheworldatthattime,Titanicistheship_wasthemostbeautifulinthewordatthattime.,which,T