定语从句简单版.ppt

定语从句,Attributiveclause,定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以介词短语、分词为例）例：ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themanrunningontheplaygroundwasadoctor.,在英语中，在复合句中修饰名词或代词的用作定语的句子叫定语从句。例：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasrunningontheplaygroundwasadoctor.,1.定语从句的概念,2.定语从句的构成要素,先行词（被定语从句修饰的名词或代词）引导词：关系代词或关系副词注意:从句与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系eg:Thisisthefactorywhereheworks.,3.引导词关系词的分类,1.Themanisafarmer.,2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,合并句子:,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.,Maryisagirl.,Maryhaslonghair.,合并为一个句子,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,关系代词,关系副词,which,who,whom,whose,that,Where,when,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.,Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.,who,whom,whose,that用法区别.,who作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,Themanisaworker.,Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,分解,作主语,Whom作定语从句的宾语,Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.,Thewomanisateacher.,Theywantedtovisitthewoman.,分解,作宾语,whose作定语从句的定语.,Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.,分解,Iknowthegirl.,Thegirlsmotherisateacher.,作定语,that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.,Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.,4.定语从句的考查方向:引导词的考查,理解掌握几个区分:区分that和which区分as和which区分定语从句和状语从句区分定语从句和名词性从句区分定语从句和强调句型,先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等词修饰。,1.下面情况只用that不用which和whom:Iwatchedalltheglasseswereonthetablefalloffthetable.TheparksaretheclearestparksyoucanimagineCornwasnottheonlyfoodwastakentoEuropeTheytalkedaboutthingsandpersonstheyremembered.Whoisthepersonyoujusttalkedwith?Thevillageisnolongertheoneitwas5yearsago.Therearemanyapplesareverydelicious.,that,that,先行词为much,little,none,someone,something等不定代词。,先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。,that,that,先行词既有人也有物。,that,以who/which开头的疑问句。,that,先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。,that,在therebe句型中，指物只用that。,that和which的区别1,2.下面情况不用that:ThisisthebookaboutwearetalkingnowTomstudieshardandisreadytohelpothers,hisparentsexpect.Whatsthatisflyinginthesky?,which,介词后面：,which,非限性定语从句中：,当先行词本身是that时：,which,that和which的区别2,which和as的区别,1.Tomhasmademuchprogress,_makesmeveryhappy.3._isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.4._Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.5.HemarriedMary,weexpected.6.HemarriedMary,wedidntexpected.7.Letsreadsuchbookswillmakethembetter.8.Hewillgiveyousuchinformationwillhelpyou.,As,As,as,as,as,which,which,as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，常可翻译为“正如，正像”；而which常译为“这一点，这件事”在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词被as,so,thesame,such修饰时，关系代词常用as,总结：which和as的区别,介词关系代词which/whom,Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.Theglasses,Illbeblind,islost.IllneverforgetthedayIjoinedthearmy.Doyouknowthemanyoujustshookhands?5.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.6.Hewashedtenwindows,_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.,throughwhich,withoutwhich,onwhich,withwhom,towhom,mostofwhich,1.Hewaslateagain,_casehewasblamed.2.HestayedinLondonfortenyears,_timehepickedupsomeFrench.比较：1.Hewaslateagain,andinthatcasehe2.HestayedinLondonfortenyears,andduringthattimehe,inwhich,duringwhich,1.Doyoustillrememberthedays_wespentinQingdao?2.Doyoustillrememberthedays_wespentthesummerholidaysinQingdao?用that,when,why,where,which填空1.Iwanttoknowthedate,_youwereborn.2.Ihaveforgottenthedate_youtoldme.3.Doyouknowthereason_heisabsenttoday?4.Thatisthereason_Iwanttoknow.5.Thisisthefactory_hisfatherworks.6.Thisisthefactory_hisfatherbuilt.,that/which,when,when,that/which,why,which/that,where,that/which,1.Wehavefoundaway_isuseful.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.3.Theway_heexplainedthesentencestouswasnotdifficult.4.Itisajob_youcanfindsomethinginterestingandsignificant.5.Sheoftenhasnosuchoccasion_shecansparesometimeforhischildren.6.Wehavereachedapoint_weshouldmakeanimmediatedecisionforit.7.Peopleoftenmeetsuchcases_theyhavenoideawhattodo.,that/which/不填,that/inwhich/不填,that/which,where,when,where,where,1.(2008,山东)Occasionsarequiterare_Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.whoB.whichC.whyD.when2.(2007,陕西)Today,welldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.whichB.asC.whyD.where3.(2009,浙江)Ihavereachedapointinmylife_Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why4.(2009,福建)Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.ThatB.whenC.whichD.where,D,D,B,